Born in the city of Shchekino, Tula region in a family of workers. After graduating from high school in 1969, he entered the Moscow Architectural Institute, from which he graduated in 1976 with a thesis with excellent marks. In 1974, being a 5th year student of the institute, he received 1st place in the All-Union competition "Monument to students, teachers and employees of Moscow State University on the Lenin Hills, who fell in battles for the Motherland in 1941 - 1945." The construction of the Monument was completed by the Anniversary of the Great Patriotic War - May 9, 1975 and was awarded the Gold and Silver medals of VDNKh at the exhibition "Creativity of Youth - the Country", as well as many publications in architectural magazines. After graduating from the institute, he worked since 1976 at the institutes: Tsentromashproekt, Giproniya of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Gipropromtransstroy as an architect, head of a group of architects. In 1985 he was accepted as a Member of the Union of Architects of the USSR. In 1987, by way of transfer, he moved to the Spetsproektrestavratsiya Institute in workshop No. 5 as the head of the group of architects for the restoration of the Monument of History, Culture and Architecture of World Importance - the Museum-Estate of L.N. Tolstoy in Yasnaya Polyana, Tula region.

In 1988 he was appointed Chief Architect of restoration projects. In this position, he led the complex design and supervision of the restoration of more than 20 objects (the Main House, the Kuzminsky House, the Volkonsky House, the White Kitchen, etc.) at the Monument of World Importance “Museum-Estate of L.N. Tolstoy in Yasnaya Polyana, Tula region. Subsequently, he supervised the design and restoration work in Bryansk region("Church of St. Nicholas in the town of Starodub", "House of the Priest in the Vvedenskaya desert"), Kaluga region(“Brotherly Corps” in the Optina Pustyn Monastery, “Perlov’s House” in the Shemardin Monastery, “Ershovo Estate” - the Main House), Zvenigorodsky District of the Moscow Region, as well as in Moscow - “Gubin’s House” - Moscow, st. . Petrovka, "Zamiatin's Manor" - Moscow, st. Pyatnitskaya, etc.

In 1995, for the design and management of restoration work on the Monument of Architecture of the late XIX century "Commercial Bank Polyakova - Bank of Moscow" (Moscow, Kuznetsky Most St., 15/8 building 1) was awarded the Diploma of the Government of Moscow as the Laureate of the competition for the best reconstruction , restoration and construction of buildings in the Historical Center of Moscow.

In 1997, for the design and management of restoration work on the Monument of Architecture of the 20th century "Dwelling House on Leningradsky Prospekt" - architect. Burov, art. Favorsky (Moscow, Leningradsky Prospekt, 27) was awarded the Diploma of the Government of Moscow as the Laureate of the competition for the best reconstruction, restoration and construction of buildings in the Historical Center of Moscow.

In 1998, he supervised the design, conservation and restoration work at the Monument of Architecture, History and Culture of Federal Importance "Urban Estate of the 18th-19th centuries" (Moscow, Malaya Dmitrovka st., 18 building 1)

Order of the Ministry of Culture Russian Federation No. 850 dated December 17, 1999, in order to improve the work on the preservation and restoration of historical and cultural monuments, he was appointed Federal Architect-Restorer (coordinator) for Saratov region, where in 1999-2000. carried out coordination work at the Monument of the History of Culture and Architecture of Federal Importance "Art Museum named after. Radishchev.

In 2001-2002, he supervised the design work on the Architectural Monument of the early 20th century "Mansion of 1907" arch. Goncharov (Moscow, Bolshaya Polyanka st., 45)

In 2002, for the design and management of restoration work on the Monument of History, Culture and Architecture of 1883 "Passage of San Galli with chambers of the late 18th century" - "House of Artists" (Moscow, Kuznetsky most street, 11) was awarded the Diploma of the Government of Moscow as the Laureate of the competition for the best reconstruction, restoration and construction of buildings in the Historical Center of Moscow.

In 2011, for the design, scientific research and management of restoration work at the Monument of Architecture "City Estate of the Soymonov-Sobolevskys", Moscow, Malaya Dmitrovka St., 18, he was awarded the Diploma of the Laureate of the Competition for the Best Restoration in Moscow. In 2011, for the design, scientific research and management of restoration work at the Monument of Architecture “Torgovy Dom P.M. and V.M. Tretyakov with the premises of the Lyons Credit Bank, Moscow, Kuznetsky Most St., 13, was awarded the Diploma of the Laureate of the Competition for the Best Restoration in Moscow.

For many years of creative work, he was awarded a Diploma of the Union of Architects of Russia and thanks from the Moscow Committee for the Protection of Architectural Monuments - Moskomnaslediya.

In 2011, for the design, scientific research and management of restoration work at the Monument of Architecture "City Estate of the Soymonov-Sobolevskys", Moscow, Malaya Dmitrovka St., 18, he was awarded the Diploma of the Laureate of the Competition for the Best Restoration in Moscow. In the same year, for the design, scientific research and management of restoration work at the Monument of Architecture “Torgovy Dom P.M. and V.M. Tretyakov with the premises of the Lyons Credit Bank, Moscow, Kuznetsky Most St., 13, was awarded the Diploma of the Laureate of the Competition for the Best Restoration in Moscow.

The territory of the city estate on the current street, 18 formed after the middle of the eighteenth century by the merger of small courtyards located along the street itself, as well as a large garden stretching to the modern one.

The main manor house was erected in the 1780s according to the project of the architect Nikolai Alexandrovich Lvov. The customer was Alexander Nikolaevich Soymonov, the nephew of the Secretary of State of Catherine II, Peter Ivanovich Soymonov.

The decoration of the main house was the Tuscan portico. Two side wings framed the front yard of the estate, facing the street. The northern side of the property was limited by an office building built of stone (building 18A along Malaya Dmitrovka) and only partially preserved to this day.

A terrace was added to the back of the main house, which opened onto the garden through a gentle ramp. The mention of this architectural element dates back to the beginning of the nineteenth century, after which the descent was made in the form of a flight of stairs.

In 1834, Alexander Nikolaevich Raevsky settled in the estate, for whom it was necessary to obtain a residence permit due to the fact that he had once been involved in the Decembrist case, but was acquitted for lack of evidence.

The next owner of the city estate on Malaya Dmitrovka, 18, a certain V.D. Ladyzhenskaya. Under the new owner, the Tuscan portico was dismantled, and in its place in 1859 a Doric portico appeared. At the same time, the configuration of the main façade was also changed, the design of which can still be seen today.

The passages between the side wings and the main house were built at different times: the northern passage was built in 1884 according to the design of the architect Nikolai Nikolaevich Chernitsky; southern passage - after 1901. The interior decoration, mainly the ceremonial halls, were redesigned by the architect in pseudo-classical forms in 1877.

History of the house after the revolution

After the Bolsheviks came to power in 1917, a party cell was located in the city estate, which later grew into the Sverdlovsk district committee of the CPSU. It was within these walls that in 1962 a decision was made to expel Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov from the party ranks.

Back in Soviet times, in 1976, city ​​estate included in the list of architectural monuments of national importance.

After 1997, the building on Malaya Dmitrovka, building 18 was first occupied by state institutions, and after 2001 it was transferred to a large commercial structure - AFK Sistema.

Andrea Palladio is rightfully considered one of the greatest architects in the history of mankind. It was he who gave rise to the Palladian style in architecture. The legacy of the outstanding Italian can be enjoyed in Moscow

Old Gostiny Dvor

The place where the oldest trading house of the capital is located, which occupies a whole block of Kitai-gorod between Varvarka and Ilyinka streets, Khrustalny and Rybny lanes, became an important center of Moscow trade in the 15th century - merchants who previously traded on the territory of the Kremlin settled there. Gradually, with the increase in trade turnover, stone buildings began to be erected and expanded on the territory. And in 1786, Catherine II ordered the construction of new premises on the same sites, and from 1790, the protracted construction of Gostiny Dvor began.

The famous Italian architect Giacomo Quarenghi became the author of the project for the construction of the largest commercial building in Moscow in the late 18th - early 19th centuries.

The last restoration took place at the end of the 20th century and significantly changed appearance buildings: a glass dome was erected over the courtyard, two additional floors were added in the right wing of the building. Now Gostiny Dvor is considered to be one of the largest business, trade and recreation centers with all the necessary services, equipped according to international standards.

The address: st. Ilyinka, 4, Ploshchad Revolyutsii and Kitay-gorod metro stations

City estate of the Soymonov-Sobolevskys

In the 1780s, the main house of the estate was built by the architect N.A. Lvov for A.N. Soymonov. It had a Tuscan six-columned portico, two small outbuildings in the front yard, a terrace on the back facade, which opened onto the garden with a long gentle ramp (later replaced by a staircase). The stone service building, partially preserved to our time, stood on the northern border of the property.

The estate is also known as the house of the Decembrist Mitkov: Memorial plaque on the house says that the hero of the Patriotic War of 1812 lived here in 1825. In Soviet times, the Sverdlovsk District Committee of the CPSU was located in the building for a long time. In 1960, a monument-bust to Y. M. Sverdlov was erected near the estate, which is the object of cultural heritage of federal significance, as well as the restored main building. Today, the Soimonov estate is leased to commercial structures.

The address: st. Malaya Dmitrovka, 18, metro stations "Chekhovskaya", "Mayakovskaya"

House of Tarasov

At the corner of Spiridonovka Street and Bolshoi Patriarchal Lane, there is a real Moscow Italy - a chic mansion, which is one of the most beautiful buildings that appeared in the city at the beginning of the 20th century. The house was built in 1908-1912 by the famous architect I. V. Zholtovsky for the wealthy merchant Grigory Tarasov and has an Italian prototype - Palazzo Thiene in Vicenza, created in the middle of the 16th century by the great Andrea Palladio. The difference between the two buildings lies in the proportions.

Photo: liveinmsk.ru

The mansion has all the characteristic features of a palazzo: passage arches, which were later replaced huge windows; terraces connecting two parts of the house; large patio with fountain and garden. The interior of the building is also decorated in an Italian spirit with an unusual combination of smooth walls and painted ceilings. Until 1937, Tarasov's house occupied Supreme Court USSR, after the German embassy entered here, and in the post-war years - Poland. Since 1979, the Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences has been located here.

The address: st. Spiridonovka, 30/1, metro station "Barrikadnaya"

Central Moscow Hippodrome

One of the largest hippodromes in Russia, only slightly inferior to Rostov, Krasnodar and Kazan. In addition, founded in 1834, it is the oldest in the country and the first trotting hippodrome in the world. Currently, there is a scientific ground and an experimental base of the Institute of Horse Breeding, competitions and tests of horses of various breeds are regularly held.

From the beginning of its foundation, the place was regularly decorated, changing its appearance. In 1949, the stands were destroyed by fire, after which, in 1953-1954, architects V. L. Voskresensky and P. I. Skokan, under the guidance of the outstanding I. V. Zholtovsky, restored the building, almost completely rebuilding it: an elegant turret appeared on the left side and a powerful eight-column portico on the right. Delightful equestrian sculptures were not damaged in the fire and still crown the building.

The address: st. Begovaya, 22, bldg. 1, Begovaya metro station

House on Mokhovaya

The building in the center of Moscow opposite Manezhnaya Square was built in 1934 by the architect Ivan Zholtovsky for the employees of the Moscow City Council. The house on Mokhovaya was called "the nail in the coffin of constructivism", as it marked a turning point in Soviet architecture. And Zholtovsky's colleagues began to call him the "cornice master" due to the fact that, despite the massive walls of the building, his cornice was incredibly light in construction.

Photo: babs71.livejournal.com

When designing a residential building on Mokhovaya, Zholtovsky used the composition of the Loggia del Capitanio and the Palazzo Valmarana in Vicenza, created by the outstanding Italian architect Andrea Palladio. Great importance was attached to the “eliteness” of the building: a high level of improvement and decoration, a large area of ​​apartments. This building has the status of an object of cultural heritage of regional significance.

The address: st. Mokhovaya, 13, Okhotny Ryad metro station

Yesterday journalists were shown a sample of high-quality restoration of a monument of history and culture, carried out at the expense of extrabudgetary funds. This is the so-called estate of General Soimonov on Malaya Dmitrovka. Here lived one of the organizers of the Northern Society, the Decembrist Mikhail Fotievich Mitkov. After the revolution, the mansion was transferred to the Sverdlovsk district committee of the CPSU, in the 80s it housed a voluntary society for the struggle for sobriety. The tenant restored the unique interiors of the main house of the estate and the decoration of the halls, the mosaic floor in the lobby. In addition, the territory of the yard was landscaped, the lost main staircase and street front fence.

“We are witnesses of how, with a competent attitude towards the monument, restoration was carried out with extra-budgetary funds,” commented Alexander Kibovsky, head of the Moscow Department of Cultural Heritage. “A lot of monuments are in poor condition, the city and federal budgets cannot cope with such a volume of work. It is necessary to attract investors ".

But there are not so many who want to invest huge amounts of money in the labor-intensive restoration of monuments. In fact, they have no special incentives for this. Therefore, the city has to bear the costs, but the budget is not dimensionless. “We received an order from the Ministry of Regional Development that the restoration norms are 1.5 times more expensive than a regular overhaul - at the rate of 27 thousand rubles per square meter,” the head of the department noted. “I think this money is not even enough for a chandelier.”

At the expense of the city budget, about 80 cultural heritage sites are restored annually, but hundreds more are on the waiting list. In Moscow, for example, there are 40 empty monumental houses that are rapidly collapsing. City officials urgently need to decide what to do with them in order to save them. According to Kibovsky, in conditions when the construction of new facilities is limited in the city center, the attention of developer companies will be drawn to monuments that are in poor condition. But it is important that they fall into good hands, and not to those who seek to clear the construction site of the monument. “Conscientious people who put such objects in order should receive preferences from the state in terms of further management of such objects,” Kibovsky believes. “And this issue is being discussed with the Moscow authorities.” What are these preferences? On April 1, a unique monument of the 18th - 19th centuries opened the doors of the mansion of Ivan Muravyov-Apostol, one of the few that survived the fire of 1812. A descendant of the Decembrists, philanthropist Christopher Muraviev-Apostol, took the most active part in its restoration. According to our information, he invested 12 million dollars in the restoration, practically raised it from the ruins. And rest easy, I would have kept this heritage in its original form. He would have bought it, but according to the current rules, when selling the monument at auction, Muravyov-Apostol will not have any advantages. And if, for example, a conscientious tenant had such a pre-emptive right, he would take care of the preservation of the monument, of its restoration. In Moscow, 5617 monuments of history and culture are registered with the state. In addition, 1830 objects of cultural heritage were re-identified and 1318 declared for registration. Of all this wealth, as previously announced, almost 1.5 thousand historical and cultural monuments passed into private hands. Alas, some were destroyed, which was repeatedly written by RG. But there are also positive examples when owners or tenants carry out a comprehensive scientific restoration of a building. And such efforts should be supported.

The building was built in 1900 by the architect K.V. Treiman for Baron Andrey Lvovich Knop, son of Lev Knop, a native of Bremen (real name Ludwig John), who settled in Russia in the 19th century, the founder of the Ludwig Knop Trading House, which was engaged in the supply of textile machines from England to Russia.

The German roots of the owner of the building could not but be reflected in its architectural appearance. The roof is made in the form of a fortress wall, carved windows and balconies, all this is more like a feudal castle than an ordinary residential building .

After the October Revolution, the mansion passed to state institutions. In the 1920s - early 1930s, a representative office of the Ukrainian SSR was located here, then - the Committee for Higher Technical Education under the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Then and until 1991 - the Moscow City Committee of the Komsomol. Yukos receptions were held here. Now here is the office of the company "Konfael".

Strict access control, facades in video cameras and no signs.

The house of the Old Believers and Moscow philanthropists Morozov was built in 1879 according to the design of one of the then most famous architects, Mikhail Chichagov. The facades are finished in the spirit of that time with a large number of lush stucco details; in the center, on both sides of the main entrance, there are atlantes supporting the balcony. The interiors are striking in their diversity and quirkiness, which distinguished many mansions of the wealthy merchants who were familiar with the culture. All ceremonial halls are decorated in different styles using marble, rare woods, and inlays. In a number of rooms there are vaulted mirror ceilings with rich painting and molding. Of interest are the premises, in the creation of which such masters as F. O. Shekhtel and M. A. Vrubel took part: a Gothic study with a library in the choir stalls, a reception room, and a boudoir in the Rococo style. The mansion has six staircases, each of which is a work of art. A massive fence with a gate in its details repeats the decor elements of the main house.

The last owner of the estate, Aleksey Vikulovich Morozov, was an avid collector. His collections of antique porcelain, silver, icons, engraved and lithographed portraits were displayed in the mansion. For the collection of icons, the courtyard wing of the house in 1914 was built on with a floor with three halls with overhead light (architect I. E. Bondarenko). After the revolution, the collection was nationalized, and the Museum of Porcelain was opened in the mansion. A. V. Morozov did not leave the country, he lived in the two lower rooms, he was engaged in the preservation of the museum, he was an enthusiastic guide. But this did not last long - in the late 1920s. collections were scattered and transferred to various museums.

The guards are silent about who is in charge of the monument today, famous for its interiors by Shekhtel (fireplace, stairs, sculpture). An employee of one of the offices living in the house let slip: according to him, the organization of "Afghan" veterans rents the mansion from the Department of Cultural Heritage. On the Days of Cultural Heritage, the guards say, excursions are allowed here, but on the website of the Moscow Heritage Site, the house does not appear in the lists of accessible ones.

Here are some more interesting articles about the house, estate, interiors, collections.

Mansion of the manufacturer Tarasov (Spiridonovka, 30)

In 1907, the Ekaterinodar merchant of the first guild, Gavriil Tarasov, bought a plot at the corner of Spiridonovka (then Spiridonovskaya Street) and Bolshoi Patriarchal Lane. By his order, in 1908-1912, the architect Ivan Zholtovsky erected a luxurious estate in the traditions of the Italian Renaissance. The building has a recognizable prototype - the Palazzo Thiene in Vicenza, created by Andrea Palladio.

The interiors of the mansion are largely preserved. The ceiling paintings were made by artists I. I. Nivinsky and E. E. Lansere.

Gavriil Aslanovich died in 1911 before the end of construction. The customer is reminded of the Latin inscription on the front facade "GABRIELUS TARASSOF FECIT ANNO DOMINI", which means: "Gabriel Tarasov made the summer of the Lord." The figures with the date of construction have been lost.

Now the mansion is occupied by the African Institute.

Estate of General Soimonov (Malaya Dmitrovka, 18)

The house was originally built in the 1780s. famous architect N.A. Lvov for the Soimonov family. In this form, the estate in the 1860s. passed to the new owner, V.D. Ladyzhenskaya, who ordered its reconstruction to the Russian-Austrian architect August Weber, who was very fashionable at that time. He "improved facades and interiors" in neoclassical taste, without changing the overall layout.

The walls of the house on Malaya Dmitrovka remember not only the meetings of the Northern Secret Society (the nephew of General Soymonov, the hero of the Patriotic War and meteorologist M.F. Mitkov was a Decembrist, although he lived here for a very short time), but also talk about poetry with the participation of the first poet of Russia. Alexander Sergeevich, according to researchers, visited his friend Sergei Sobolevsky (bibliographer, publisher and epigrammatist) here, who was General Soymonov's illegitimate son. There were other well-known writers of that time. In the 1830s Alexander Raevsky lived here (the eldest son of the famous general - the hero of the Battle of Borodino, and himself a military officer): Pushkin had known him since the time of his southern exile and captured his features in the poem "Demon".

After the revolution, the estate was nationalized, the premises were partitioned off for the offices of officials. In the 20s. the building housed one of the committees of the Council of the National Economy, then for many years the estate was occupied by the Sverdlovsk district committee of the party. During the years of perestroika, the district committee was removed from here, and the old house was transferred to a very relevant organization at that time - the All-Union Society of Sobriety. In the 90s. fighters against alcoholism were replaced by employees of the Moscow Committee on Science and Technology, and in the early 2000s. The estate was bought by a private investment company.

Recently, the estate has been generously and professionally restored at the expense of the investor - Olimpiysky Dom LLC.

Photo by Nikita Kirsanov, 2010

No photo before restoration

Well, N. Davydova's article is over. But "exploratory" (on a personal level) work can be continued and continued. In fact, the article also talked about embassy mansions in the Prechistenka area (without specifics). So, if there are forces and time, maybe I will continue.

All in all, a really fun activity! At first I thought: "I'll enter the name and address into the search engine, look at the photos, upload them to the message, and - aha!" But it was not there! So many interesting things are found in each "house", and at the same time the information is extremely entertaining! Read - do not re-read, watch - do not revise!

Eh, if during the years of my residence in Moscow in the second half of the 70s I had at least half of the information about its history and architecture that you can "dig up" now, then my then walks would have been much more useful in terms of cognition.

Of course, the materials were available even then, but they were mostly quite special.

And so I had a couple of books at hand, and even the stories of one wonderful woman, the mother of my friend, who had noble roots, a Muscovite God knows what generation, who lived in Maly Vlasevsky (in those years, Taneyev Street, by the way, there were also in the neighborhood interesting buildings). This one, for example (and a friend lived in the next house).

This is a classic example of a “post-fire” Moscow house built after the Napoleonic invasion. It was built in 1816.

The wooden house reproduces the stone forms of late classicism (Empire). The log cabin is sheathed with boards imitating rusticated plaster.The stucco molding was presumably made according to the model of the prominent sculptor Zamaraev.

The house is now occupied by an experimental studio of the Union of Artists.

Actually, I want to go to Moscow! Walk at least once more along the lovely alleys. And don't care about cars. They won't be able to stop me.