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The Horse Guards Manege in St. Petersburg is monumental building, created for the famous Life Guards Cavalry Regiment. The historic building is located next to St. Isaac's Cathedral and the Alexander Garden. When visiting these sights of St. Petersburg, you will undoubtedly pay attention to the building with columns, this is the Horse Guards Arena, the main decoration and symbol of which are two sculptural groups of young men and horses.

This place is familiar to young people from the clip of the Leningrad group “Drink in St. Petersburg” - it is here that the traffic police officer changes to a horse.

In the Horse Guards arena, horseback riding lessons were held for soldiers of the Horse Regiment. The Horse Guards Regiment was one of the most privileged parts of the Russian guard, its patrons were the ruling emperors and grand dukes. The regiment was created back in the times of Peter the Great and participated in the wars with Turkey, Sweden and in the war with the Napoleonic army in 1812. Royal persons were often present at classes in the arena. According to one of the legends, an underground passage was dug here from the Winter Palace.

The Horse Guards Manege was built in a strict classical style by the famous Italian architect Giacomo Quarenghi in 1804-1807. A wide staircase leads to a deep portico adorned with eight powerful columns. On the pediment above the entrance you will see a bas-relief made by the sculptor David Jensen depicting scenes of equestrian sports in an ancient circus.

To the right and left of the stairs, two sculptural compositions are installed on high pedestals. Their heroes are Castor and Polydeuces, the twin youths of Dioscuri, taming their rearing horses.

According to ancient Greek myth, Castor and Polydeuces were twins, they were born by Leda, wife Spartan king Tyndareus. Castor's father was Tyndoreus himself, and the father of Polydeuces was Zeus, the god of the sky, thunder and lightning, who seduced Leda by turning into a swan.

Polydeuces, the son of Zeus, was immortal, possessed great strength and no one could compete with him in a fistfight. Castor was famous as the most skilled charioteer of the war chariot, but he was mortal and died in one of the battles.

The brothers were friendly and inseparable. With the permission of Zeus, the god of the sky, Polydeuces shared his immortality with his brother: now they spent one day with the gods on Olympus, and the other in the realm of the dead.

The sculptures were made in Italy by Pavel Triscorni (Triscorni Paolo) in 1810 and brought to Russia in 1817. The antique statues of the Dioscuri in front of the Quirinal Palace in Rome served as a model for them. The sculptural groups at the Horse Guards Palace are reduced marble copies of huge statues located in Rome. On one of the compositions you will read the inscription "1810, Paolo Triscorni, Carrara".

Interestingly, at the insistence of the clergy of St. Isaac's Cathedral, from 1844 to 1954, the statues of naked heroes were moved to the opposite side of the arena from the temple, where they remained until 1954.

As an exhibition hall, the Horse Guards Manege has been used since 1850, when Nicholas I ordered an agricultural exhibition to be held in it. It is interesting that in 1886 the famous composer Strauss performed here at a charity concert, he conducted the orchestra performing his works, including the Horse March written for this event.

In 1973-1977, the historical building was reconstructed, as a result of which the appearance of the Horse Guards arena is as close as possible to its original historical appearance. Inside there were spacious exhibition halls.

At present, the Horse Guards Manege in St. Petersburg is the largest exhibition hall in the center of St. Petersburg. It hosts art exhibitions, lectures and master classes, seminars on art and culture, film screenings and concerts. There is also a coffee shop and bookstore.

Shpalernaya st., 60-62
Shpalernaya st., 49-51

Built: 1741-1757, 1800
Architect: Boennal

Style: Classicism

Main artillery barracks (Arakcheevsky barracks)
1800s
lost buildings

Before the revolution on Shpalernaya st. (on both sides), starting from the corner of Tavricheskaya street, the Arakcheevsky barracks were located. On the right side, the barracks were located from house No. 60/41 to the Smolny Cathedral itself, on the left side of house No. 49/29 (later No. 49/39) and reached Stavropolskaya Street.
From 1733 to 1800 The Horse Guards were quartered here.
In the 1730s The Kikin Chambers were handed over to the Life Guards Cavalry Regiment, which arrived from Moscow, where it was formed on the orders of Anna Ioannovna.
Nearby, 107 huts and svetlitsy were placed in regular rows, forming a quadrangle with eleven streets - the Horse Sloboda, overlooking First Berezovaya Street (Shpalernaya). In 1733, Kikin's chambers were adapted for a regimental infirmary and office. The Great Hall was used for the regimental church.
The settlement of the Horse Regiment was created according to the project and under the guidance of arch. Boennale. Construction was carried out from 1741 to 1757. Gradually, the territory of the settlement began to shrink, wooden huts were replaced by stone ones. The reduction of the territory occurred due to the construction of the Smolny Cathedral on it, and later the Tauride Palace with a garden.
Under Paul I, the widespread construction of stone barracks began, where the soldiers were resettled. The cavalry regiment was also allocated the luxurious Tauride Palace.
In 1800 the Horse Guards settlement was liquidated, the buildings were sold.
In the early 1800s on the territory of the former settlement of the Horse Regiment along Voskresenskaya Embankment. (Shpalernaya Street) were built (perhaps rebuilt from old buildings) long one-story barracks. Since Arakcheev was considered the chief of artillery, the barracks were also called Arakcheevsky. Description of the barracks - low buildings, decorated with huge coats of arms with the initials of Emperor Paul I and the image of the Maltese cross, with a picturesque Maltese eagle above the portal.
Arakcheevsky barracks, already shown on the plan of 1806, consisted of one-story brick buildings of stables located on both sides of Shpalernaya Street. Parallel to the main stables, which stood along the red line, additional buildings (haylofts, forges, etc.) were placed with some gap.

Since 1807, the regiment was assigned a section between the Moika and the Admiralty Canal.

Konnogvardeisky boulevard, 2
Yakubovicha st., 1
Isaakievskaya sq., 1
Architects: Quarenghi D.

Year built: 1804-1807
Style: Classicism

For a long time, on the site of Konnogvardeisky Boulevard there was a canal connecting the Admiralty with timber warehouses - New Holland.
At the beginning of the XIX century. barracks of the Horse Guards Regiment were built on the banks of the canal. The barracks complex also included an arena, built according to the project of arch. D. Quarenghi in 1804-1807 The main facade of the arena overlooks the Senate Square and St. Isaac's Cathedral. made in the style of strict classicism; thanks to the magnificent Doric portico of the main facade, it looks like an antique temple.
Almost the entire internal volume of the building in the past was occupied by one Big hall designed for horseback riding.
In 1817, marble sculptural groups of Dioscuri holding horses were installed in front of the entrance. They were made in Italy by the sculptor P. Triscorni. In the 1840s the sculptures were moved to the building of the barracks in Konnogvardeisky lane. Returned in 1954
In 1872-1873. arch. D. I. Grimm rebuilt the arena. At the same time, a vestibule was added on the western side, dismantled in the 1970s. At the same time, a terracotta bas-relief by the sculptor D. I. Jensen was installed on the pediment.
In the 1930s, after a fire, arch. N. E. Lansere rebuilt the arena, adapting it to a garage. The bas-reliefs have been removed. In 1967 the building was handed over to the Union of Artists for exhibitions.
(Monuments of history and culture of St. Petersburg, which are under state protection. 54)

The regiment occupied a new building built along Admiralty Canal specially for the Life Guards Horse Regiment (Konnogvardeisky Boulevard, 2-4).

Barracks of the Life Guards Cavalry Regiment - Three-Squadron Corps

Konnogvardeisky boulevard, 4
Konnogvardeisky per., 2
Yakubovicha st., 3
Architects: Ermolaev (?)
Ruska L. (?)

Chernik I.D.
.

Year built: 1810, 1844-1847
Style: Classicism

The facade of the house overlooked the Admiralteisky Canal, which ran along Konnogvardeisky Boulevard and connected the Admiralty with timber warehouses - New Holland.
In 1844-1847. arch. I. D. Chernik rebuilt the old building, changing the facade of the building in a style transitional from barracks classicism to neo-renaissance in an unordered interpretation.
(Monuments of history and culture, which are under state protection. 64)

The main facade originally overlooked Novo-Isaakievskaya (now Yakubovich) Street: from here the officers went up to their apartments on the 3rd floor. The soldiers were located on the second floor and entered from the side of the Admiralty Canal. The first floor was occupied by stables.
After 1845, when the canal was filled up and Konnogvardeisky Boulevard was formed in its place, new buildings were built closer to the Moika. The entrance from the boulevard to the Trekheskadronny building became the main one, and another row of stables was added on the opposite side. The length of the facade of this building from the boulevard is 275 m, the walls are sparingly decorated in the style of classicism, but the building looks attractive thanks to five risalits advanced beyond the red line, a pediment rises above the central one, and small attics above the side ones.

According to the latest edition of the directory of state-protected monuments, the barracks were built in 1805-1807, their author is a completely unknown A. I. Ermolaev. But the historian of the city P. N. Stolpyansky wrote back in 1934 that Yermolaev built the Horse Guards barracks according to the design of the court architect L. Ruska ...
The horse guards barracks are a good example of the Empire style without order. An external cornice, plank rustication along the first floor, separated by profile rods from the two upper ones, are common elements of this style, as are decorations for window openings: rectangular sandriks and recessed arches. It is the windows that give a strict rhythm to the building, which is volumetrically divided by four risalits; the central one is decorated with a triangular pediment.
On what basis should Ruska be called the author of the Horse Guards barracks? Firstly, he was a member of the City Committee for the construction of guards barracks and was its leading architect. Secondly, Ruska himself, listing his works, also mentions these barracks. Why was it necessary to invite some Ermolaev, if Ruska, the author of the barracks of the Cavalier Guard and Grenadier regiments, was at the head of the entire barracks program?
The barracks, while retaining their appearance, were subjected to a thorough alteration by military architects E. Timofeev (1820), who expanded them along the ends, and I. D. Chernik (1844-1847). The latter probably gave the barracks a more elegant look, because the main facade began to overlook the newly laid boulevard ... A military quarter arose in the center of St. Petersburg ... In the middle of this quarter there is still a building, the author of which must now be considered L. Ruska.

Source: Antonov VV Who needed Ermolaev? // Antonov V. V. St. Petersburg unknown. Forgotten. Familiar. - M.: Tsentrpoligraf, 2007. -S. 80-82.

Barracks of the Horse Guards Regiment

Konnogvardeisky boulevard, 6
Konnogvardeisky per., 1
Truda St., 8 Architect: I. D. Chernik

Year built: 1843-1848

The regiment was crowded, one of the squadrons quartered in Strelna. In 1844, the construction of a new barracks complex began on the territory bounded by Bolshaya Morskaya Street, Blagoveshchenskaya Square, Novo-Isaakievskaya Street and Konnogvardeisky Lane. The author of the project and construction manager architect I.D. Blueberry. The main area is occupied by the soldiers' barracks and the regimental parade ground between them. Two-story buildings, on the ground floors of which the stables were located, form three sides of the square. Two are located along modern Labor and Yakubovicha streets, the third goes at an angle to Bolshaya Morskaya. The free side of the square is turned towards the Konnogvardeisky lane and is fenced off with an elegant cast-iron grate on a granite base, behind which there was a parade ground.

Barracks of the Life Guards Cavalry Regiment. officer corps

Bolshaya Morskaya St., 67
Labor St., 10
Konnogvardeisky per., 5
Architects: I. D. Chernik

Year built: 1840-1849
Style: Eclectic
The officer corps was built in the 1840s. according to the project of arch. Ivan Denisovich Blueberry.
The two-story building on a high granite base with three-story central and side risalits combines the features of classicism (Spanish plastering, rustication) with neo-Renaissance features - "bramant windows" (an arched window in a rectangular frame - named after the Italian architect Bramante, who first used them in the construction of one from Italian villas).
Above the main entrance to the building, stucco molding has survived to this day: banners, helmets, armor.
Until recently, the house had a red brick facade, the same as that of house number 69. These buildings were built at the same time.

Blagoveshchenskaya st. (Truda street), house 10 at the beginning of the 20th century. the Reinforced infirmary of the Life Guards Cavalry Regiment with the Blagoveshchensk officer department was located. In the infirmary by 1910 there were 75 beds for lower ranks and 25 beds for officers. Civil patients were taken for a fee to the department for the lower ranks, if there were free places. The infirmary was led by a senior doctor.
(Source: Medical and sanitary institutions of the city of St. Petersburg. SPb., 1910).

The officer corps and the service wing of the Life Guards Horse Regiment, the building of the regimental barracks with stables and a fence

Yakubovicha st., 26
Architects: I. D. Chernik

Year built: 1848-1850
Style: Eclectic

The last building of the barracks was erected in 1914 by military engineer V.P. Apyshkov parallel to the buildings of I.D. Blueberries on the current Truda Street. The Empire-styled building successfully fit into the existing complex. The building is decorated with a central portico with twin columns at the level of the 2nd and 3rd floors and a triangular pediment, richly decorated with sculpture.

Church services for the horse guards went to the house church, located in the barracks. In 1842-49. on the square adjacent to the barracks complex from the Neva, architect K.A. Ton built a church in the Russian-Byzantine style, consecrated in the name of the Annunciation Holy Mother of God March 4, 1849 At the same time Blagoveshchensk became known as the square and the bridge across the Neva. In 1939, the church was demolished, and since then the square has been devoid of a dominant.

At the corner of Senate Square and Konnogvardeisky Boulevard. The arena was intended for riding lessons for the soldiers of the Horse Guards Regiment in the autumn and winter seasons.

The Quarenghi project was implemented in practice by the architect Hirshe.

In 1837, bas-reliefs by D. I. Jensen were installed on the pediments of the Horse Guards arena.

In the 1840s, the chapter of St. Isaac's Cathedral considered it blasphemous to find naked pagan gods next to the temple. The statues were placed behind the arena, next to the barracks of the Horse Guards Regiment. Brought them back to their historical place only in 1954. The Dioscuri were the subject of study for the sculptor Peter Klodt. He worked with them before creating his famous Anichkov Bridge sculpture groups.

Due to the large size, the premises of the Horse Guards arena were used for exhibitions. On September 19, 1850, the Free Economic Society demonstrated reaping machines, locomobiles and threshers to Russian farmers here.

The modest appearance of the Horse Guards Manege gradually ceased to correspond to the neighboring empire-style building of the Senate and Synod, the rebuilt building of the Admiralty. In 1872-1873, the facade of the building was partially adjusted by the architect D. I. Grimm, based on the original unrealized ideas of Quarenghi. Then the side facades of the arena were decorated with paired three-quarter columns, its pediment was decorated with statues.

In addition to exhibitions, concerts were also held at the Horse Guards Arena. In 1886, the famous Johann Strauss gave a performance here. For this, 900 numbered chairs were equipped in the hall, the room was decorated and draped with 1800 yards of fabric. The program of the concert included the "Horse Guard March" and the waltz "Petersburg Ladies".

In the 1930s, the Horse Guards Manege was converted into a garage according to the project of N.E. Lansere. In 1954, the statues of the Dioscuri returned to their original place in front of the main entrance. In 1977, after a major reconstruction, the central exhibition hall was opened in the building, which is used by the Union of Artists of St. Petersburg. This building serves exhibition purposes to this day.

Horse Guards Manege was built in 1804-1807 according to the project of architect Giacomo Quarenghi at the corner of Senate Square and Horse Guards Boulevard. The arena was intended for riding lessons for the soldiers of the Horse Guards Regiment in the autumn and winter seasons.

The Quarenghi project was implemented in practice by the architect Hirshe.

Before the advent of St. Isaac's Cathedral and the tree-lined Alexander Garden, the Horse Guards Manege played a great role in the perspective of Senate Square.

The main staircase is made of Serdobol granite. The bases of the columns of the Horse Guards arena originally belonged to the exchange on the arrow Vasilyevsky Island, which in the 1780s began to build the same Quarenghi. But its construction was not completed, the stock exchange was dismantled.

The main entrance to the building is decorated with a bas-relief depicting equestrian competitions. Here, in 1810-1811, copies of ancient Roman statues of the Dioscuri were installed. Their author is Paolo Triscorni, who made and decorated the building with bas-reliefs. They were made in Italy in 1810, they are small copies of the ancient Dioscuri, who stood at the Quirinal Palace in Rome. The statues depict the mythical twins Castor and Polideuces, the sons of Zeus and Leda, who personified brotherly love and devotion and therefore were always displayed together, mirrored.

The statues of the Dioscuri were not completed within the time specified in the contract. At first, the Horse Guards Manege was decorated with marble centaurs. By August 1816, the Dioscuri arrived in Kronstadt. And only in 1817, after the restoration of one of the figures damaged during transportation, they were opened for public viewing at the entrance to the arena.

Royal people were regular visitors to the arena. There was a legend about underground passage, allegedly linking Winter Palace and arena.

In 1837, bas-reliefs by D. I. Jensen were installed on the pediments of the Horse Guards arena.

In the 1840s, the chapter of St. Isaac's Cathedral considered it blasphemous to find naked pagan gods next to the temple. The statues were placed behind the arena, next to the barracks of the Horse Guards Regiment. They were returned to their historical place only in 1954. The Dioscuri were the subject of study for the sculptor Peter Klodt. He worked with them before creating his famous Anichkov Bridge sculpture groups.