The editors of Arrivo have prepared 7 important tips for 7 dangerous situations.

Fight on board

Fights on board the aircraft have become a common occurrence, both among our compatriots and among foreign tourists. This is explained, as a rule, by the fact that many people get drunk at the airport in order to allay the fear of flying or simply reduce the waiting time. Once in a confined space, someone just falls asleep, while someone begins to look for reasons for conflict.

The most dangerous thing on board is a group of fans who strive to get the maximum adrenaline and, along with fights, arrange a “pitching”, that is, they rush from one side to another. If there are less than 30 people, it is not dangerous, otherwise the balance of the aircraft may be disturbed.

• Having witnessed a fight on board, first of all, you need to remain calm.
• All foreign airlines have so-called "marshals" in their crews - large stewards who do a much better job of pacifying violent passengers than distributing sandwiches.
• But in domestic companies there is no such position, so men should be ready to help the flight attendant if necessary.

Turbulence zone and air pockets

Turbulence is understood as the mixing of several air streams with different temperatures and densities, as a result of which the aircraft can instantly descend or rise several tens of meters. Most often, this happens at an altitude of more than six thousand meters, during a flight over the city, sandy beach or a lake, the surface of which is heated unevenly.

When an aircraft crashes into a large air pocket, all objects that are in the cabin and are not properly fixed, soar up sharply and then fall on those sitting. In addition, if you do not buckle up, you can get bruised or even fractured by hitting during the shaking that usually happens when passing through a turbulence zone.

• When boarding a plane, make sure that there are no heavy or sharp objects, loose luggage nearby.
• Even a pen in a jacket pocket can become dangerous, so it's best to pack it in a bag.
• In addition, be sure to buckle up, and if you get into a turbulence zone, group yourself as indicated in the passenger memo.

Airplane fire

It is not uncommon for passengers themselves to be responsible for a fire on an airplane, carelessly handling fire or smoking on board. True, a fire can occur during takeoff or landing, and then the passenger has no more than three minutes to get out of the plane.

• First of all, remember that the plane is a huge flying fuel truck, and it is strictly forbidden to use lighters or smoke on board.
• If a fire has already started while on the runway, try to leave the cabin as soon as possible.
• To do this, when landing, remember where the emergency exits, count how many rows of seats from you to the exit, in order to navigate even by touch.
• Don't inhale the smoke, walk bent over or on all fours, put on a coat or jacket, and get rid of synthetics in your clothes (including tights), because when melted, they cause the most severe burns.
• You should not take off your shoes, except for stilettos when entering the inflatable ladder, and even those should be held in your hands so that you can immediately put on shoes on the ground and not step on broken glass or plastic.

Decompression

Decompression, unlike most air accidents, happens very quickly and, although it seems frightening, is not a cause for panic. The loud noise that accompanies the release of air from the cabin can scare, but this is not the most dangerous. The plane quickly fills with fog and dust, it becomes difficult to breathe, there is ringing in the ears. At this point, the most important thing is not to panic, but to put on an oxygen mask and securely fasten it so that it does not fall off, even with a possible pitching or loss of consciousness. Know that the crew will immediately begin to correct the situation, and the aircraft will descend sharply until the pressure in the cabin and outside equalize, and then it will be made emergency landing at the nearest airport.

• At the first sign of decompression, put on your oxygen mask and then help those around you.
• Even if there is a child nearby, take care of yourself first, otherwise you may pass out and leave him without help.

Takeoff and landing accidents

It is not for nothing that flight attendants ask passengers to fasten their seat belts and raise their seat backs during takeoff and landing. The most unexpected accidents occur during these periods of flight.

• First of all, you should not rely only on the instructions of the crew.
• If you notice that the flight is going wrong (the plane is descending sharply, one of the engines has died down, or there is smoke in the cabin), buckle up, group up and get ready for an emergency landing, during which severe overloads are inevitable.
• As soon as the plane stops, passengers will be evacuated. At this point, you should not succumb to panic, but you need to do everything as quickly as possible.

Aircraft landing in strong side wind

Hijacking

Cases of aircraft hijacking are extremely rare, however, they quickly become known to the whole world. And although the chance that the Moscow-Antalya flight will be hijacked is negligible, it is still better to know the basic rules of behavior and survival in such situations.

• Do not stand out among other passengers, fulfill all the requirements of the criminals, and then the release groups.
• Perform any action (going to the toilet, opening luggage) only after receiving permission.
• During the assault, try to sit or lie down on the floor or hide behind the back of a chair, do not express your attitude towards the invaders and do not try to deal with them yourself.
• After your release, be prepared for the fact that for the next few hours you will have to continuously answer questions from the police and law enforcement agencies.

Water landing

In emergency cases, the plane can land on the water, but this does not mean that casualties are inevitable, since this is all aircraft prepared. The ship can stay afloat for up to 40 minutes, and during this time everyone has time to leave it. Besides, modern aircraft equipped life jackets and rafts that self-inflate in one minute.

• Before departure, find out in what position the aircraft is kept afloat - horizontally, with the tail lowered into the water or the bow. Based on this, plan which exit you will need to move to.
• After landing, start with the help of the stewards to launch self-inflating rafts. If the raft does not start to inflate by itself, pull the handle of the air supply system located on the side of the raft.

Another video of a plane landing on the island of St. Martin

As S. Baynetov, head of the aviation safety service of the Russian Armed Forces, said today at a press conference in Moscow, the analysis of the 1st phrase of the crew commander of the Tu-154 airliner that crashed near Sochi earlier indicates "the beginning of a special situation."

“So far, she doesn’t say anything else,” he managed to say. Baynetov also said that the radio exchange itself with the aforementioned Tu-154 was too short. “Can you imagine that a special situation was actively developing for ten seconds? What can you say in 10 seconds? he asks.

In addition, the representative of the Ministry of Defense indicated that the information received from the flight recorders eventually made it possible to halve the number of versions of the causes of the crash that occurred, but so far nothing can be said about what exactly provoked the crash of the liner.

“It is impossible now to say about only one reason for this aviation accident. All these reasons lie in the field of aviation technology, the human factor, and various external conditions, ”he explained. According to Mr. Baynetov, the version of the terrorist act has not been filmed either. At the same time, the representative of the Ministry of Defense managed to clarify that the explosion on board Russian aircraft was not, however, "some mechanical effect" is not excluded.

At the same time, a representative of the Ministry of Defense points out that in the city of Sochi, where the Tu-154 landed for the necessary refueling, as a result, only representatives of the border service boarded it, and all passengers boarded the plane at the Chkalovsky airport near Moscow. Baynetov also told some of the details of the last few seconds before the crash. In particular, according to him, in total this flight lasted only 70 seconds, but the maximum height that the liner managed to climb was only 250 meters at a speed of 370 km / h.

The day before, the Kommersant publication reported that the Tu-154's problems could suddenly begin after the flaps were not retracted for some reason, but the actions of the crew members in this case could definitely aggravate the emergency situation even more. Experts interviewed by journalists suggest that the problem with the aircraft could have arisen due to false readings of both altitude and speed on instruments.

In turn, the head of the Ministry of Transport M. Sokolov said that the on-board equipment of the aircraft worked abnormally, “It is quite obvious that there was some abnormal work of the equipment. What caused this - the experts have yet to find out, for which a special technical commission was created as a result, ”he explained to reporters. According to him, all the preliminary data of the ongoing examinations will become known in January, but the final conclusions about the very causes of the disaster - only after the decoding of two flight recorders recently crashed plane. At the same time, the current minister urged media representatives not to publish any information at all that was obtained from unofficial sources until the end of the work of the members of the investigation commission.

The publication "Market Leader" informs that the aircraft of the Russian Ministry of Defense Tu-154, which took off from Adler, crashed in the early morning of December 25. The airliner disappeared from the radar screens already in the 2nd minute of the flight and fell into the waters of the Black Sea near the city of Sochi. The aircraft was on its way to troubled Syria, 92 people were on board, namely: military personnel, artists of the Ensemble. Aleksandrova, several journalists, and the head of the Fair Aid Foundation E. Glinka.

Search operation.

The main stage of a large-scale search operation at the crash site has already been finally completed. Russian rescuers raised to the surface of the earth all the main fragments of a completely crashed large aircraft, these fragments were delivered to a special site in the city of Sochi.

Involved rescuers have already raised 19 bodies of the dead to the earth's surface. Of these, 17 and all body fragments have already been delivered by special flight to the city of Moscow for subsequent identification. To date, the body of only one victim of a large-scale crash has been identified and buried, for all others it is still necessary to wait for the results of a detailed genetic examination.

Also, during the search work that began, 2 "black boxes" were discovered. The first of them was found on the morning of December 27, but the second - the next day. They were in fairly good condition. The 3rd flight recorder, which was in the tail of the Tu-154, was mostly destroyed.

The largest fragments of the aircraft were found thanks to space monitoring, a photograph of the crash area was published by specialists from the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Three large groups were created to investigate the incident in detail. “One is working right at the Adler airport, the 2nd is at the 30th Scientific Research Institute, but the third group of the flight safety service is actively working at the 800th air base,” said Lieutenant General, head of the aviation safety service of the Russian Armed Forces S. Baynetov.

The actions of the pilots during the crash of the Tu-154 are planned to be simulated on simulators. Preliminary information from the examinations will become known as early as next month, and the final results on the causes of the disaster - after decoding the available flight recorders.

The commander of the fallen Tu-154 managed to give a signal about an emergency situation on board

© Illustration by IA Rosbalt

The commander of the Tu-154 that crashed in the Black Sea, Roman Volkov, was able to report problems on board, but there is very little information. This was stated by the head of the Aviation Safety Service of the RF Armed Forces Sergey Baynetov.

“I can say that the radio exchange was extremely short. You can imagine that the situation developed in 10 seconds. What can be said in 10 seconds? .. Therefore, the analysis of the commander’s phrase indicates the beginning of a special situation, she does not tell us anything else, ”RIA Novosti quotes him as saying.

According to Baynetov, the entire flight took about 70 seconds. “The maximum height that we determined from the parametric information was about 250 meters, at this level the speed is in the range of 360-370 kilometers per hour,” he said.

So far, even talking about what the angle was when it hit the water surface is premature.

“There are certain data, but nevertheless, you understand, they are not entirely accurate. There is video information. I repeat that the process of analyzing and combining all these numerous factors is underway, ”he answered the question that, according to some eyewitnesses, the nose of the aircraft was strongly lifted up before the crash.

“I cannot yet judge the reliability of this information. I want to say that a lot of eyewitnesses offer their services, indeed, somehow everyone reacted with understanding to this tragedy ... All this is checked, of course, and checked against the objective information that is, ”he concluded.

On December 25, a Tu-154 plane crashed in the Black Sea a few minutes after taking off from the Adler airport. 92 people died. Upon the crash of the Tu-154, a criminal case was initiated under Art. 351 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (violation of flight rules that entailed grave consequences).

IAC announced the cause of the crash of the Saratov Airlines airliner in the Moscow region. However, the pilots of the airline, on condition of anonymity, claim that it was a terrorist attack.

Sensor icing blamed for crash

By the evening of February 13, the main cause of the An-148 crash became known. According to the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC), the total pressure sensors were iced over, as a result of which the information about the speed of the aircraft was displayed incorrectly on the indicators.

The icing of the sensors, in turn, occurred due to the fact that their heating systems were turned off.

As experts found out, an emergency situation on board the crashed An-148 began to develop 2 minutes 30 seconds after takeoff. At this time, the plane was at an altitude of 1300 meters. The crash, according to the Moscow Interregional Transport Prosecutor's Office, occurred in the fourth minute of the flight.

However, it is not entirely clear how an incorrect display of speed could lead to such a rapid fall of the liner. We remind readers that the crew did not have time to get in touch with the controllers and did not request an emergency landing.

"It was a terrorist attack"

As in any high-profile incident, there were some unofficial speculations.

Radio Liberty talked to the pilot of Saratov Airlines, who repeatedly flew the Moscow-Orsk route, including together with the deceased aircraft captain Valery Gubanov.

The pilot, on condition of anonymity, made a sensational statement.

“I believe that this is a terrorist attack, all the colleagues with whom I spoke after the tragedy are also inclined towards this,”- he said.

According to him, aircraft maintenance at Saratov Airlines is carried out as expected, according to the regulations, the An-148 model is reliable in itself, and all emergency situations are well worked out by the crew. The interlocutor of Radio Liberty denies the pilot error or technical malfunctions as versions.

An unnamed pilot draws attention to the fact that the wreckage from the plane was scattered for a kilometer, and the bodies cannot be identified without genetic examinations.

“If the plane fell apart from hitting the ground, then the bodies and debris would lie nearby, compactly, in such cases, many of the dead are found in their seats. And here they collect everyone in parts ... This means that there was a powerful explosion on board, otherwise they would not have been blown apart like that, ”- said the pilot of Saratov Airlines.

In Vladivostok, the plane that flew to Seoul. Several drunken fans who were heading to Olympic Games, really violated the order and lit up in the toilet of the aircraft, but after the panic began on board due to the emergency message. According to the Primorye fans heading to the Olympics, "the engine stalled, then everyone began to frantically drink, smoke and prepare to die," IA PrimaMedia reports.

Officially, Aurora Airlines announced that the AIrbus 319 flight SU 5436 from Vladivostok to Seoul was forced to return to the airport of departure due to a technical problem - a breakdown of the oil sensor in one of the engines. The plane turned around after 40 minutes of flight.

“Problems began with the oil sensor in the engine, it just stalled. The problem was not the violators. They made some noise when they got on the plane, then calmed down. Already after they announced a technical malfunction, they began to smoke in the toilet. As I understand it, the plane made a detour and returned to Vladivostok, although it was almost at Seoul, because it was supposed to be repaired in Primorye," said a passenger of the plane named Alexander.

(According to official information from the Aurora company, the engine in which the problem arose did not stall. The reason for the turn of the aircraft was a deviation in the indication of the oil level of one of the engines - ed.).

According to another witness of the events on board, administrative protocols were drawn up for two passengers who smoked in the toilet already at the airport. Each of them will pay a fine of 500 rubles.

“It was a company of six people, two of them were detained. I’m not sure that they were fans, maybe they were sailors. Nothing serious happened, they screamed, but as I understand it, there will be no particular consequences for them. "They are not very presentable. Four of them will definitely continue their journey to Seoul on another plane, but the two who smoked is a question," said a passenger named Igor.

Note that the aircraft landed safely in Vladivostok between 13:00 and 14:00. On the runway, the plane was met by fire engines and ambulances, under one of the engines the people leaving saw a puddle of oil. Passengers are now waiting at the airport for a backup ship that will take them to Seoul.

According to the agency from a source in law enforcement, the police identified three offenders on board the A319. "It is too early to talk about the inclusion of these citizens in the "black lists", but they have not been removed from the flight. The young people admitted their guilt and repented," the source said to PrimaMedia news agency.

Recall that on February 22, 2018, the A319 aircraft of the Aurora airline, while performing flight 5436 on the route Vladivostok - Incheon (Seoul), returned to the airport of departure Vladivostok (Knevichi). According to preliminary information, after 40 minutes of flight, the crew recorded a deviation in the oil level indication of one of the engines. The aircraft commander made a decision to return to the airport of departure Vladivostok. Landing completed successfully. None of the 119 passengers and 6 crew members on board were injured. commented on the incident with the emergency return of flight HZ 5436 Vladivostok - Seoul to the airport of departure. According to the carrier, the reason for the turn of the liner was a malfunction in the oil level indicator in one of the engines.

Now, according to representatives of the airline, a reserve aircraft of the airline is being prepared to operate Flight 5436 to Seoul. The reasons for the incident are being investigated by a specially created commission.