The main types of megalithic structures. Megalithic structures - erected before the Flood - Earth before the Flood: Disappeared Continents and Civilizations

The term "megaliths" (English - megaliths) comes from the Greek words μέγας - large, λίθος - stone. Megaliths are structures made of stone blocks or blocks, from different rocks, of various modifications, sizes and shapes, combined and installed in such an order that these blocks / blocks represent a single monumental structure.

Stone blocks in megalithic structures weigh from a few kilograms to hundreds and even thousands of tons. Individual structures are so huge and unique that it is not at all clear how they were built. Also in the scientific world there is no consensus regarding the technologies of the ancient builders.

Some megaliths seemed to be carved (processed) with some tools, some objects seemed to be cast from liquid materials, and some objects have traces of clearly artificial processing of unknown technologies.

Megalithic culture is represented in absolutely all countries of the world, on land and under water (and…probably not only on our planet..). The age of megaliths is different, the main period of megalithic construction is determined from the 8th to the 1st millennium BC, although some objects have a much more ancient origin, which is often denied by official science. Megalithic monuments of a later period - 1-2 millennium AD are also widely represented.

Classification and types of megaliths

According to their classification, megaliths are divided into separate categories:

megalithic complexes (ancient cities, settlements, temples, fortress-forts, ancient
observatories, palaces, towers, walls, etc.);
pyramids and pyramidal mountain complexes;
mounds, ziggurats, kofuns, cairns, tumuluses, tombs, galleries, chambers, etc.;
dolmens, triliths, etc.;
menhirs (standing stones, stone alleys, statues, etc.);
seids, blue stones, tracker stones, cup stones, altar stones, etc.;
stones / rocks with ancient images - petroglyphs;
rock, cave and underground structures;
stone labyrinths (surads);
geoglyphs;
and etc.

There are many hypotheses about the purpose of megaliths, however, there are some features that are characteristic of many megaliths of the world, regardless of their classification, modification, size, etc. - this is their external similarity, location (geolocation), geophysical characteristics and belonging to some highly developed civilizations. The study of (sites of) megaliths by methods of geophysics and dowsing began in the 20th century. During the study, it was absolutely precisely established that the places for the construction of megaliths were not chosen by chance, very often megaliths are located on the sites (near) dowsing anomalies (in geopathogenic zones of different frequencies - near or on a tectonic fault in the earth's crust).

Thus, it can be assumed that the generator of these waves of different frequencies are tectonic faults, and stone structures in this case play the role of multifunctional acoustic devices that resonate with this frequency.

It turns out that megaliths can influence human bioenergetics! This allows you to effectively correct the human biofield by influencing both its energy points of the body and individual systems.

In ancient times, dedicated priests were engaged in such practices, and this was practiced with the help of various rites and rituals.

With the help of stones, ancient priests, shamans, healers communicated with the spirits of departed ancestors, with the gods, received the answers they were interested in, treated illnesses, etc., and also made offerings-requirements (not sacrifices, which appeared later and most likely not by the creators of megaliths). Knowledge about this was first distorted, then completely erased.

Almost everywhere near the megaliths there was or is water (any reservoir, stream, spring, etc.)! Often the orientation of megaliths is just directed towards the water, this is especially clearly seen in the example of most of the dolmens Krasnodar Territory, which in turn, not without reason, are the standard in the dolmen structure.

It is also worth mentioning the orientation of many megaliths to the cardinal points, taking into account some astronomical features.

Often, when studying megaliths, one gets the impression that over time the builders seem to have lost the ability to erect stone buildings, and over time, megaliths became like only distant copies of the original structures.

Perhaps, for some reason, the ancients lost that knowledge and technology, and most importantly, the need for megalith building was also lost over time.

However, despite the time, megalith building in the world continues to exist. Even today in Sumatra (Indonesia), people continue to create funerary stone monuments outwardly similar to ancient megaliths, thus preserving the memory and customs of their ancestors.

In many places of the world, traditions, legends and stories have been preserved that many megaliths are associated with the reincarnations of dead people.

Many megaliths are closely related to astrology, in connection with this, a new direction of researchers of antiquities has arisen - archaeoastronomy. It is archaeoastronomers who are engaged in the study of the astronomical aspect in megalithic construction. It was archaeoastronomers who proved many hypotheses regarding the purpose of many ancient stone structures.

Some megalithic structures were created to determine the major solar and lunar cycles of the year. These objects served as calendars and observatories for observing celestial bodies.

Megaliths - a legacy of ancient civilizations

Unfortunately, in our time, in all corners of the world, for various reasons, the trend of destroying ancient monuments continues, but all over the world, new finds of ancient structures also continue to be discovered.

Many studies and the objects themselves are stubbornly hushed up by official departments, or dates are deliberately incorrectly determined and the reports and conclusions of scientists are falsified, because. many objects simply do not fit into the generally accepted chronology of our civilization.

Megaliths are the very objects that connect us with the distant past, with the deep past, and it can definitely be argued that they have not yet revealed all their secrets to people ...

megaliths, huge structures from massive stone blocks, are also found in our country. There are a lot of similar structures in Russia, but they are not known like the famous Stonehenge in Great Britain or Ollantaytambo in Peru. We will get acquainted with the ancient megalithic structures found on the territory of Russia further.

The first place to start the journey is Mount Vottovaara - highest point West Karelian Upland - 417.3 m above sea level. The area of the mountain is 6 square meters. km.
The place is just full of strange artifacts after which you start to think about the ancient highly developed technologies for stone processing, let's take a better look at the photo.

Mount Vottovaara.
Scattered blocks of megaliths.

The middle block was cut at an angle of 90 degrees or a game of nature?

It was as if a laser had been carried out :) geologists believe that cracks and faults were formed as a result of a strong earthquake about 9 thousand years ago. The even planes of the stones are the result of the properties of the local rock - quartzite, the structure of which sets such even planes when split.

So is it nature or man-made? Let's take a closer look.

More like perfectly sawn blocks tightly fitted to each other. It is hard to imagine an ancient ancestor with a copper chisel who, somewhere on the mountain, grinds such even blocks.

Good angle, perfectly flat wall.

Who lost the ball?

Here, obviously, high technologies for stone processing could not have been done, or is it still a game of nature? :)

Mount Pidan.
At first glance, it looks like an unremarkable pile of stones of a cracked rock.

But coming closer, it becomes more like a megalithic masonry.

Looking between the blocks, where the stones were less affected by erosion from wind and rain, one can see man-made and how smooth edges have been preserved.

In the place where the junction of the blocks parted, you can see an even saw cut and the technology of laying these blocks opens before us.

Stone town in the Perm region.
According to scientists, the Stone City is the mouth of a river that flowed into the Perm Sea millions of years ago, this explains beautifully and evenly, at right angles, carved stones, their neat laying and “mouths” perpendicular to each other.

Stone city.

See what smooth sides of the megaliths, as if cut down.

Again, the old method is to look between the blocks inside the masonry, look at the far block in the center, an even cut along the entire length of the block.

They say somewhere Kola Peninsula This pool is carved right into the rock.

In the south of Western Siberia, in the mountainous Shoria in the Mezhdurechensk region, there is a small geological settlement called Kameshki.
Several educated talented geologists live in this village. These are Alexander Bespalov, Vyacheslav Pochetkin and others. These people have been doing research all their lives. mountain systems Western Siberia. Once they came across strange megalithic structures in the mountains, which they could not explain to themselves. These were walls made of giant stone blocks and strange buildings with vertically mounted stone obelisks. They contacted Georgy Sidorov via the Internet, and this is how the first expedition was assembled.

Mountain Shoria.
Some of the granite blocks below were made of red granite, crowned with blocks of gray granite, and above lay a polygonal masonry of various blocks, both red granite and gray.

Granite in some places melted from exposure to huge temperatures and flowed under the weight of the upper rows. Kungurov would say about this that these are traces of melting from a thermonuclear explosion :)

The wall is composed of polygonal masonry of multi-colored blocks.

The size of the blocks is impressive, according to one version, the find is a man-made structure over 100 thousand years old.

In the photo, Georgy Sidorov, in his opinion, all this megalithic structure may be the ruins of an ancient power plant or power plant, which translated seismic energy into some others.

Looking again inside the masonry where the blocks were less prone to erosion, even straight edges are visible, see how the two blocks lie tightly, man-made is better visible here.

Polygonal masonry.

Mountain Shoria. Huge blocks.
at the Department of Radiophysics at Tomsk State University, they showed photographs on the screen, talked about various types of masonry, about stone castles that hold giant granite blocks together, and not a single physicist said that all this was of natural origin. Most of all, they were surprised how the ancients could lift giant stone blocks to a height of more than 1000 meters and install them there on a special platform.

Then, in the Tomsk branch of the Russian Geographical Society, photographs were studied by geologists and geographers. Both those and others came to the conclusion that the presented artifacts are man-made.

Sklyarov was asked to comment on the find. And what did he say? That all the artifacts found are nothing but rocks cracked at right angles. That there is nothing man-made here. Just a game of nature, nothing more.
After these words, I am not surprised why LAI does not study Russian megaliths.

Between blocks.

For comparison, on the left is the megalith in Baalbek, on the right is the megalith in the mountain Shoria, it looks like the author is the same :)

Mount Shaman near the village. Nizhnetambovskoye, Khabarovsk region.

Ancient megalithic masonry.

Again, between the blocks, man-made and straight lines are better visible.

Big block megalith.

A large block of megaliths on small stones, this is done for better seismic resistance.

Megalithic masonry resembles Mountain Shoria.

Kabardino-Balkaria, a cave in the Baksan Gorge.
First you need to squeeze into a hole measuring 40 by 120 cm, then descend on a rope along a narrow vertical shaft. It is formed by two parallel stone slabs. After 9 meters - the first "knee": the hole goes to the side and immediately breaks down again. Already here you will be covered by absolute silence - not a sound penetrates from outside. Another 23 meters deep - and a new "knee". To reach the bottom of the cave, you need to overcome more than 80 meters, and it will take an hour. But, having passed the "bottleneck", you will find yourself in a huge room, which the researchers called the "flask". Inside, we will see processed walls made of tuff and granite, built of polished megaliths of different sizes, tightly fitted to each other.

Descent into the cave.

The edges of the blocks and the seams between them are clearly visible.

The even masonry is striking and the seams are clearly adjusted to each other.

The trihedral blocks parted a little.

Barely visible block seams on the left crescent wall and on the wall behind it.

how do you like the seams?

Rotate the cave at an angle of 90 degrees. Two large megalithic blocks stand on top of each other.

Stone processing technologies are striking, and even more striking is the comment of Vera Davidenko, head of the Kabardino-Balkarian geological exploration expedition, but she is a realist and believes that nature can do everything and concluded: “Tuff is an accumulation of ejection products of a volcano - ash, fragments of lava , volcanic glass and, to a small extent, rock fragments that make up the walls of the crater. The ejecta material during accumulation was hot, and therefore, during solidification, individual cracks formed - that is, the entire tuff massif turned out to be, as it were, broken into blocks. The depression discovered near the village of Zayukovo is one of those cracks of gravitational separation, which is characterized by even contact surfaces, ”but this is the head of the geological exploration expedition, she probably knows better.

Structure diagram.

A little fantasy for the finale) Arakulsky Shihan, strange building in the middle of the forest. I have everything, kick :)

On the surface of the globe, with the exception of Australia, there are many mysterious and ancient buildings. Modern studies have shown that they were erected in the Neolithic, Eneolithic and Previously it was believed that they all represent one common culture, but today more and more scientists are questioning this theory.

So, by whom and why were such megalithic structures created? Why do they have this or that form and what do they mean? Where can you see these monuments of ancient culture?

Before considering and studying megalithic structures, you need to understand what elements they can consist of. Today it is considered to be the smallest unit of constructions of this type of megalith. This term was officially introduced into scientific terminology in 1867, at the suggestion of the English specialist A. Herbert. The word "megalith" is Greek, translated into Russian means "big stone".

An exact and exhaustive definition of what megaliths are does not yet exist. Today, this concept refers to ancient structures made of stone blocks, slabs or simple blocks of various sizes without the use of any cementing or binding compounds and solutions. The simplest type of megalithic structures, consisting of only one block, are menhirs.

The main features of megalithic structures

In different eras, various peoples erected huge structures from large stones, blocks and slabs. Temple in Baalbek and Egyptian pyramids are also megaliths, they are simply not customary to call them that. Thus, megalithic structures are various structures created by different ancient civilizations and consisting of large stones or slabs.

However, all structures that are considered megaliths have a number of features that unite them:

1. All of them are made of stones, blocks and slabs of gigantic dimensions, the weight of which can range from several tens of kilograms to hundreds of tons.

2. Ancient megalithic structures were built from rocks that were strong and resistant to destruction: limestone, andesites, basalts, diorites and others.

3. During construction, no cement was used - neither in the mortar for fastening, nor for the manufacture of blocks.

4. In most buildings, the surface of the blocks from which they are composed is carefully processed, and the blocks themselves are tightly fitted to each other. The accuracy is such that a knife blade cannot be inserted between two megalithic blocks of volcanic rocks.

5. Quite often, the preserved fragments of megalithic structures were used by later civilizations as a foundation for their own buildings, which is clearly seen in the buildings on Jerusalem.

When were they created?

Most of the megalithic objects located in Great Britain, Ireland and other countries of Western Europe date back to the 5th-4th millennium BC. e. The most ancient megalithic structures located on the territory of our country date back to the 4th-2nd millennia BC.

The whole variety of megalithic structures can be conditionally divided into two large groups:

funeral;
non-funeral
profane;
sacred.

If everything is more or less clear with funerary megaliths, then scientists are building hypotheses about the purpose of profane structures, such as various gigantic calculations of walls and roads, combat and residential towers.

There is no accurate and reliable information about how ancient people used sacred megalithic structures: menhirs, cromlechs and others.

What are they like?

The most common types of megaliths are:

menhirs - single, vertically installed stele stones up to 20 meters high;
cromlech - the union of several menhirs around the largest, forming a semicircle or circle;
dolmens - the most common type of megaliths in Europe, are one or more large stone slabs laid on other blocks or boulders;
covered gallery - one of the varieties of dolmens interconnected;
trilit - a stone structure consisting of two or more vertical and one horizontally laid stones on top of them;
taula - a stone structure in the form of the Russian letter "T";
cairn, also known as "gurii" or "tour" - an underground or ground structure, laid out in the form of a cone of many stones;
stone rows are vertically and parallel blocks of stone;
seid - a stone boulder or block, installed by one or another people in a special place, usually on a hill, for various mystical ceremonies.

Only the most famous types of megalithic structures are listed here. Let's take a closer look at some of them.

Translated from Breton into Russian, it means "stone table".

As a rule, it consists of three stones, one of which lies on two vertically installed ones, in the form of the letter "P". During the construction of such structures, ancient people did not adhere to any single scheme, therefore there are many options for dolmens that carry various functions. The most famous megalithic structures of this type are located on the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts Africa and Europe, in India, Scandinavia, the Caucasus.

Trilith

One of the subspecies of the dolmen, consisting of three stones, scientists consider trilith. As a rule, such a term is applied not to separately located megaliths, but to monuments that are components of more complex structures. For example, in such a famous megalithic complex as Stonehenge, the central part consists of five triliths.

Another type of megalithic buildings is the cairn, or tour. This is a cone-shaped mound of stones, although in Ireland this name means a structure of only five stones. They can be located both on the surface of the earth and under it. In scientific circles, cairn most often means megalithic structures located underground: labyrinths, galleries and burial chambers.

The oldest and simplest type of megalithic structures are menhirs. These are single, vertically massive boulders or stones. Menhirs differ from ordinary, natural stone blocks by their surface with traces of processing and by the fact that their vertical size is always larger than the horizontal one. They can either stand alone or be part of complex megalithic complexes.

In the Caucasus, menhirs were shaped like fish and called vishap. On the territory of modern France, in the Crimea and the Black Sea region, quite a lot of anthropomorphic magalites - stone women - have been preserved.

Post-megalithic menhirs are also runic stones and stone crosses created much later.

Cromlech

Several menhirs, set in the form of a semicircle or circle and covered with stone slabs on top, are called cromlechs. The most famous example is Stonehenge.

However, in addition to round ones, there are cromlechs and rectangular ones, as, for example, in Morbihan or Khakassia. On the island of Malta, the cromlech temple complexes are built in the form of "petals". To create such megalithic structures, not only stone was used, but also wood, which was confirmed by the finds obtained during archaeological work in the English county of Norfolk.

"Flying Stones of Lapland"

The most common megalithic structures in Russia, strange as it may sound, are seids - huge boulders mounted on small stands. Sometimes the main block is decorated with one or more small stones, folded into a "pyramid". This type of megaliths is widespread from the shores of Onega and Ladoga lakes up to the coast of the Barents Sea, that is, throughout the whole part of Russia.

On and in Karelia, there are seids ranging in size from several tens of centimeters to six meters and weighing from tens of kilograms to several tons, depending on the rock from which they were made. In addition to the Russian North, quite a few megaliths of this type are found in the taiga regions of Finland, northern and central Norway, and the mountains of Sweden.

Seids can be single, group and massive, including from a dozen to several hundred megaliths.

Among the listed ruins, the ruins of three walls (“fortress”) of Saksauman, about 600 m long, are of the greatest interest. The first and second walls reach a height of 10 m, the third - 5 m. The lower (first) wall consists of andesite and diorite blocks weighing from 100 to tons. The largest of them has dimensions of 9 x 5 m x 4 m. The blocks of the second and third walls are slightly smaller than the blocks of the first tier.

But both of them are so precisely fitted to each other that even the blade of a knife cannot be inserted between them. In addition, all blocks are polyhedra of a rather complex shape. They were cut down in a quarry, lying 20 km from Saxahuaman. Within these 20 km areseveral gorges, steep ascents and descents!

Cusco
In Cuzco there are remains of cyclopean walls, built of huge stone blocks, also filigree fitted to each other. One of these buildings is the Inca Palace.

Ollantaytambo
At Ollantaytambo, giant building blocks of andesite and pink porphyry are found at the base of the Temple of the Sun, preserved fragments of the back wall and gate of the 10 Nis temple, the "sacred zone" (in scattered form) and the first row of terraces. They are also found in various hard-to-reach places in the river valley. Urubamba. locals they are called "burnt stones" (Spanish: piedras cansadas).

The Living Ethics in Germany website provides a truly fantastic hypothesis that the ancient builders of South American megalithic structures softened rocky matter to a jelly-like state with the help of their psychic energy. Then they cut it into huge blocks of arbitrary shape, transported them through the air to the construction site using telekinesis, and there they laid them in the walls, fitting one to the other using the same method of softening rock blocks to a plastic substance, giving them the desired shape on the spot. Only in this way can one explain the strange form that the giant buildings of Ollantaytambo, the Inca palace in Cusco, the walls of Saxhuaman, the ruins of Tiahuanaco, the ahu pedestals on Easter Island and other similar buildings have.

Read my work"Siddhi-powers and the causes of superhuman abilities of the predecessors of people"

Giant monolithic sculptures South America and Father Easter

In addition to the ruins, an important part of the megalithic culture of South America are giant monolithic sculptures in Chile, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, on about. Easter, as well as "Olmec heads" in Mexico. The height of such sculptures reaches 7-10 m, and the weight is 20 or more tons. The height of the heads ranges from 2 to 3 m with a weight of up to 40 tons.

Moai and ahu - megalithic structures of Easter Island

A particularly large number of sculptures - moai - are located on about. Easter. There are 887 of them. The largest of them stand on a slopevolcano Rano Raraku. They are up to their necks immersed in sediments that have accumulated on the island over its long history. Some moai used to stand on stone plinths - ahu. The total number of ahu exceeds 300. Their size ranges from several tens of meters to 200 m.
The largest moai "El Giante» (El Gigante) has a height of 21.6 m. It is located in the Rano Raraku quarry and weighs about 150 tons (according to other sources, 270 tons). The largest moai "Paro" (Paro), standing on a pedestal, is located on the ahu "Te Pito Kura" (Ahu Te Pito Kura). Its height reaches 10 m, and its weight is about 80 tons. The height of the moai scattered along the slope of the Rano Raraku volcano is also about 10 m.

Statues of human and animal heads on the Marcaguasi plateau

On a par with the ruins and giant sculptures, you can put huge statues of human heads with features of Europeans and blacks, as well as images of monkeys, turtles, cows, horses, elephants, lions and camels on the Marcaguasi plateau in Peru, located at an altitude of about 4 km. At least two facts testify to the ancient age of these images. Firstly, the animals "engraved" on the plateau never lived at such a height. Secondly, most of them disappeared from the American continent long before the appearance of Europeans there - from 10-12 to 150-200 thousand years ago.

Granite and obsidian stone balls Central America and Mexico

The next evidence of the existence of highly developed civilizations in pre-Columbian America is stone balls made of granite and obsidian in Mexico, Costa Rica, Guatemala and the USA (state of New Mexico). Among them there are real giants with a diameter of up to 3 m.The determination of the absolute age of Mexican obsidian balls showed that they were formedin the tertiary period "Even before the advent of man" (no later than 2 million years ago). Trying to find an explanation for this, the American scientist R. Smith hypothesized that they arose naturally from volcanic ash.

Megalithic structures Middle East

Baalbek in Lebanon
The ruins of megalithic structures and other ancient archaeological sites are known far beyond the American continent. The most majestic of them are the ruins of Baalbek in Lebanon. The weight of each of the three stone blocks in Trilithon, located at the base of the temple of Jupiter built by the ancient Romans, is 750 tons. The surfaces of the blocks are perfectly processed, and their dimensions are simply amazing: 19.1 x 4.3 x 5.6 m. Moreover, these monoliths are ... at an eight-meter height! They rest on slightly smaller blocks.

Half a kilometer south of the temple of Jupiter from the ground at an angle of 30 deg. sticks out the world's largest processed stone - South or Mother - weighing about 1200 tons and measuring 21.5 x 4.8 x 4.2 m
The author of the books "Gods of the New Millennium" and "The Way of the Phoenix" Alan Alford asked specialists in heavy cranes whether it was possible to lift such a hulk. They answered in the affirmative, but at the same time they added that it would be possible to move with the block only if the crane was put on a caterpillar track and a good road was made. So, the builders of the foundation of Baalbek had a similar technique?