Fortress in the village of large hills. All fortresses of the Leningrad region
In 1752, several armed Russian detachments came out of the Omsk fortress to the west into the wild steppe. Having dispersed over several hundred miles, these detachments began to build fortifications unprecedented for these places - fortresses, redoubts and lighthouses. The virgin land of the Ishim Plain was covered with geometrically correct figures - Russian defensive structures built according to the system of the French engineer Vauban were designed to ensure the safety of the subjects Russian Empire from the raids of the Dzungarian and Kirghiz-Kaisak nomads.
Thus began the Tobol-Ishim fortified line, which gave a powerful impetus to the Russian development of the Irtysh region. Senate decree of 1752 commanded:
"one. Lead the line with only one structure of fortresses, redoubts and lighthouses between them, namely: make it up from 2 hexagonal fortresses, 9 quadrangular fortresses, 33 redoubts, 42 lighthouses.
2. For the settlement and work of regular and irregular troops, 3642 people should be used from the local garrison and service Cossacks and Tatars, who could build those fortresses and other things without payment from the treasury of Her Imperial Majesties money earned ".
Construction continued for three years, and in 1755 the new Tobolo-Ishimskaya (aka Presnogorkovskaya) line was completed. From Tobol to the Irtysh, from the Animal Head to Omsk, a chain of fortresses and redoubts stretched for 584 versts, cutting through the ancient Siberian steppe in a straight line.
On the territory of modern Omsk region there are the remains of two of the nine fortresses of the Line - Pokrovskaya and Nikolaevskaya. And if the Pokrovskaya fortress is more or less studied (although there is not so much information on it), then the Nikolaevskaya one is practically unknown.
The Nikolaev fortress was built in 1752-1755, simultaneously with other fortifications of the Tobolo-Ishim (Presnogorkovskaya) line. However, already in 1761 it was moved to another place, closer to the source. fresh water- a large round lake. Where the original fortress was located is a historical mystery. True, there is evidence that the distance from the old to the new fortress was about 4 versts, but it is not known where to report these versts. I would venture to suggest that it is necessary to count to the south, to the salty lakes of the Kamyshlov log, since fortifications were always built near water bodies, and the reason for the transfer of the fortress was just the lack of fresh water. It is quite possible that the first fortress was located in the area of the modern villages of Zvezdino and Gofnungstal, but no matter how much I looked at satellite images of the surroundings of these settlements, I did not see anything like ditches and bastions. It is quite possible that they were destroyed in the middle of the 20th century, during the years of the Khrushchev uplift of virgin lands, when almost the entire Irtysh region fell under total plowing.
Speaking of satellite images. Thanks to this tool, now available to any schoolchild, you can once again kick our candidates and doctors from history, scientific work which consists in reprinting all sorts of blunders from each other. These blunders did not bypass the Nikolaev fortress either. It so happened that in the 1970s, the Omsk professor of geography Fialkov (1909-1995) became interested in studying the Presnogorkovskaya line for some reason - a block and seasoned human being, who left a very significant mark on the scientific life of Omsk. Being a very penetrating person, he managed to get nothing more or less for his expeditions, but a whole aircraft with geodetic equipment, with the help of which aerial photographs were taken of almost all the eastern fortifications of the Tobolo-Ishim line.
Following the results of the expeditions, Fialkov writes the article "The bitter line of military fortifications" ( Notes on local history of the Omsk region. Omsk, 1972. S. 52-61), where for some reason he makes two gross, inexplicable mistakes. Firstly, he points out that the Nikolaev fortress is located on northwestern edge the village of Nikolaevka, although one glance at the map is enough to determine that the fortress is located in the southeast.
Second, he writes that “on the south side, the fortress had an auxiliary external fortification - kronverg, which is clearly visible in the picture”. The auxiliary external reinforcement is really well read in the picture, only this is not a crownwork. Kronverk- this is an external bastion and two semi-bastions on the flanks, on the plan similar to a crown (hence the name: Kronwerk(German) - crown-shaped fortification).
In the Nikolaev fortress there was ravelin(lat. ravelere- to separate) - fortification triangular form, located in front of the curtain in front of the fortress moat in the gap between the bastions, which serves to cross-fire the approaches to the fortress bypass and support neighboring bastions with its fire.
Not a single historian doubted the words of Fialkov, and for forty years now (!) People have been walking around scientific articles, monographs, dissertations and encyclopedias "North-West of Nikolaevka" and "kronverg". It got to the point that even on Wikimapia, some user placed the fortress not on the clearly visible contours of ramparts and ditches in the southeast of Nikolaevka, but to the northwest, right on the houses of the inhabitants (!?), where there has never been any fortress.
Funny all the same people these historians. They sit in their chairs and write articles based on the works of the same armchair researchers. Historians do not think about logic, common sense and other boring things - since the authoritative scientist N wrote it this way, it means that it was so. The fact that the words N can contradict the laws of economics, physics or geography is not taken into account, because reputable scientists are never wrong. After such cases, you begin to understand that Academician Fomenko and his comrades are probably not so wrong with his criticism of official historiography.
However, we digress. What was the Nicholas fortress? It was a square with sides broken inward, with bastions at the corners. The moat around the fortress reached a width of 13 meters (according to Fialkov), and walls and towers made of birch forest stood on the rampart. In 1765, the commander of the Siberian lines, Lieutenant-General Springer, started the restructuring of the fortifications entrusted to him in accordance with the latest achievements of European fortification. The wooden walls of fortresses and redoubts were replaced with earthen ones, the tiered fortification was replaced by a longitudinal flank one, and internal structures were rebuilt.
It was then that the Nikolaev fortress received a southern ravelin, which began to sharply distinguish it from other fortresses of the Presnogorkovskaya line, which received four ravelins each and turned from quadrangular to octagonal. In this regard, we can conclude that the Nikolaev fortress was reconstructed according to a unique project, while the rest of the fortresses of the New Line were rebuilt according to a standard model.
Inside the fortress there were buildings common for that time: a powder magazine, a grocery store, barracks, stables, pantries, huts and rooms. The total area of the fortress was about 41,000 square meters. m. There were cannons on the shaft, and the garrison was very small - about 70 people. His life practically did not differ from the life of the garrison of the Belogorsk fortress, described by Pushkin in The Captain's Daughter - guarding the border, fighting gangs of nomads, patrols, campaigns, guards. In the breaks between the service - hunting, fishing, haymaking, etc. Also, the inhabitants of the Line were engaged in a trade that was then popular in Siberia - digging up ancient burial mounds left over from the Sarmatian culture. This business was very profitable, but also extremely dangerous.
Slovtsov writes: “Despite the troubles experienced and temporarily experienced, our daring peasants, treasure hunters, did not stop going abroad, where they learned by hearsay about the existence of ancient graves. It happened that while they were rummaging in the mounds, the Kirghiz riders killed them on the spot or took them in full. In July 1764, on the occasion of such misfortunes, it was again firmly confirmed, as before, in 1727, it was commanded that none of the Siberians secretly go out into the steppe..
The relations of the Russian administration with the Kirghiz (as the Kazakhs were then called) is the topic of a separate article. I will quote Slovtsov again: “No matter how small the described dangers and unrest, in comparison with those disasters that are at the same time done by the gangs of the Small Horde along the Ui and Ural lines, Lieutenant General Springer, who from 1763 to 1771 put the Siberian line in reverence both by its structure and and unremitting observation, strictly ordered not to allow the nomad camps of the Middle Horde at any time to be closer than a 10-verst distance from our border. The disobedient among the Kirghiz were pacified by a military hand, the policemen in wine were punished corporally, and the border enjoyed peace and security. Philanthropy is comforting, commendable, when those who are spared know how to sincerely appreciate wise love..
The construction of the Tobol-Ishim line caused a sharp increase in the Russian population in the Irtysh region. Here, on fertile steppe chernozems, under the protection of fortresses and redoubts, peasant migrants, exiles, aged soldiers and Cossacks began to settle. Just yesterday, the fortifications, lonely in the boundless steppe, began to overgrow with settlements, cultivated fields, and roads. In 1776, the first wooden church of St. Nicholas was built near the Nikolaev fortress, and the small settlement began to rapidly turn into a rich village.
The motley population of the Presnogorkovskaya line (from the exiled Poles to the Bashkirs serving military service), according to the custom of that time, was turned into Cossacks. In 1808, Emperor Alexander I approved the Regulations on the Siberian Cossack Host, by which he divided the Cossack population of the Line into departments, villages and settlements. The village of Nikolaevskaya became the center of a large territorial formation, which included the villages of Pervotarovsky, Losevsky, Salt Lake, Volchansky, Pokrovsky, Kurgansky, Orlovsky, and others.
The end of the 19th - the beginning of the 20th century was the heyday of Nikolaevka and the Siberian Cossacks as a whole. In 1879, when the son Joseph was born to the shoemaker Vissarion Dzhugashvili in the Georgian city of Gori, there were already 185 households, 962 inhabitants of both sexes in the Nikolaevskaya village, there was a church, two village schools: male and female. In September and December, two fairs were held, the turnover of which reached forty thousand rubles. There were also 53 shops, 2 forges, 15 mills, 2 drinking establishments and a post station.
There were 475 horses, 665 cattle and 1096 small cattle in the village. By 1914, the number of cattle had grown to 5,000 heads. Someone Bredikhin had his own stud farm in the village, where he bred horses of the English breed.
By the beginning of the First World War, a medical assistant's station, several butter-making and brick factories functioned in Nikolayevka. Almost all households had arable land - up to 20 thousand poods of bread were exported from the village every year ... In general, a typical picture of "Russia that we lost."
A century has passed. How does the former Cossack village of Nikolaevskaya live today and what is the condition of the fortress?
The road from Omsk to Nikolaevka is in a more or less normal condition. First, this is the M51 highway, which is a pleasure to drive - no potholes, no trucks, no traffic cops. Then - several kilometers of bad asphalt, and before the observer's gaze opens a large overgrown lake with gray, rickety houses nestled on the banks.
At the northwestern tip of Nikolaevka (where the followers of Fialkov place the fortress) there is a sown field and the remains of a once large garden. Around - birch copses, meadows with steppe vegetation, cries of quails.
The village streets are full of abandoned houses, weeds grow wherever possible and impossible, there is no running water and gas and never was. A typical Siberian village of the era of sovereign democracy.
A typical resident of a modern Siberian village at 56 looks like 76.
According to the natives, Nikolaevka lives entirely on imported water. They don’t take water from the lake, they don’t dig wells - the water in them is always salty. In the yard, let me remind you, the 21st century, and the first water pipes, according to historians, appeared thousands of years ago, in Ancient Rome. Lake Nikolaevskoye cannot be called picturesque - its shores are covered with debris, and the water mirror in many places is overgrown with reeds.
Where is the station administration? Where are the butter and brick factories? Where are the English breed horses? There is nothing.
From the past history of the Nikolaev village of the Second Department of the Siberian Cossack army, only the building of a trading shop built in 1906 has been preserved.
Do not believe the sign - there is no Stanichnik store in Nikolaevka for a long time. The old building is boarded up and is gradually being destroyed. It belongs to one of the local residents who lives nearby and guards its unique gates from metal collectors.
In Soviet times, for some reason, some kind of vestibule was attached to the shop, disfiguring the original appearance of the building.
With good care, such a house can stand for more than one hundred years. I'm afraid this is not about Nikolaevka. Beautiful ancient monument slowly dying and no one cares about him.
The ramparts and ditches of the Nikolaev fortress are in a fairly good condition. True, part of its territory is occupied by the estate of some local resident, but this does not particularly interfere.
The moat along the northeast wall is filled with flowering water, and along the southeast wall it is overgrown with trees.
It is impossible to determine the place where the fortifications stood, such as a grocery store or stables, because the grass interferes, and there is no plan of the fortress on the Internet. Amateur archaeologists often visit Nikolaevka and leave behind heaps of uprooted earth, but none of them share information about the artifacts found there. But for 250 years, a lot of interesting things have probably accumulated there.
I am tired of writing this, but once again I have to state the complete and total indifference of both our state and society as a whole to our own history. If the Nikolaev fortress was located not in the Irtysh region, but somewhere in the Texas region, it would be a prosperous tourist facility. Entrepreneurial Americans would have restored the fortress with all its buildings, local residents in costumes of Cossacks and nomads would have arranged colorful shows with saber felling and shooting from old cannons, and numerous tourists in a nearby souvenir shop would have bought up rabbit sheepskin coats and fox malachai...
Today, either historians specializing in Siberia in the 18th century, or "black diggers", or local lore bloggers know about the Nikolaev fortress. Nikolaevka is not known to the general public. The Ministry of Culture of the Omsk Region spends budgetary millions on the useless "Holidays of the North", but cannot find money to install an information sign and a road sign on the M51 highway in the fortress.
What awaits Nikolaevka in the future? No good, I'm afraid. Another 10-20 years and only people who are not indifferent to history will remember about the old Cossack village. The inhabitants will disperse, part of the houses will be destroyed, part will be taken out, and only a collapsed and crumbling fortress will remind of the glorious past - a monument to military prowess, courage and hard work of ancestors.
Lomonosovsky district is one of the most dynamically developing districts of the Leningrad region. The area has a rich historical, cultural and natural heritage, which are the basis of the tourist and recreational potential. Currently, this potential is being used inefficiently. The implementation of this project is planned on the territory of the Kipensky rural settlement. The project is presented in two chapters: 1 Chapter - Description of the project 2 Chapter - Justification of the project
You can get to this place by the following transport: By car: We leave the city along the Tallinn highway. We pass through Krasnoye Selo, we go out to the Kingisepp highway. We reach the settlement "Kipen", at the crossroads we turn right (follow the signs for locality"Ropsha"). After the sign "Bolshiye Gorki" we turn left at the first turn and get onto a dirt road with a sign for gardening "Spike". On it, the first turn to the right (after about 100 meters) and to the end. By minibus: from the Prospekt Veterans metro station - K-650, K-639 A, from the Leninsky Prospekt metro station - K-639 A, from the Avtovo metro station - K-638 The creation of this recreation area is planned to meet recreational needs population, popularization of folk art and groups, crafts, as well as the history and attractions of the area. To this end, it is planned to create a wide range of services using local resources, hold themed holidays and events, attract various creative teams and an active local population.
The project has already begun to be implemented. On the this moment built: Stone fortress Wooden slides for riding cheesecakes Wooden decorative structures Temporary exhibition of items of Russian folk life Metal carousel Benches Toilet Parking place
This recreation area has already gained popularity due to its activities and is popularly called the "Nikolaev fortress". Performances and celebrations are held on the territory, in particular, the theater group "3:16" has repeatedly performed, including for children from the orphanage, Maslenitsa and the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Kulikovo were celebrated.
In the future, functional zoning of the territory will be carried out in order to use it most effectively and apply various design solutions. The entertainment zone will include a cafe, venues for events, games, rope rides, a shooting range, and decorative buildings. There will also be allocated a zone for grill houses and gazebos for separate recreation. It is planned to further attract creative teams, organize exhibitions and excursions in order to popularize the cultural traditions and history of the region.
Suggested services: Cafe, performance of musical, theatrical, historical and other clubs, organization of exhibitions, rope attractions, rental of gazebos and grill houses, rental of cheesecakes, shooting gallery. Additional services: holidays, excursion programs in the region, environmental education.
Chapter 2. Justification of the project. Currently, tourism and recreational activities in the region are poorly developed. The main problems in the development of tourism and recreation in the region are: poorly developed tourism infrastructure, primarily in the field of accommodation (hotels, campsites, etc.); the neglected state of many objects, primarily the historical complexes in Ropsha, Gostilitsy, Koporye; lack of attractive and reliable tourism products; lack of entertainment facilities. At the same time, the tourism and recreational industry is singled out by the government of the Lomonosov district in the future as “one of the leading branches of territorial specialization, providing, on the one hand, ample opportunities to meet the diverse needs of both Russian and foreign citizens in tourist and recreational services; and a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of the region by increasing the revenue side of the budget, inflow of investments, increasing jobs, improving the health of the population and preserving and rationally using the cultural, historical and natural heritage»*. *- “Strategic development plan municipality"Lomonosovsky district" until 2010"
The attractiveness of this recreation area is due to: a wide range of services convenient location and transport accessibility the presence of nearby cultural, historical and natural sites unique design lack of competition consistently high interest in the nearby Kipenskoye Lake with Tsarskaya Fishing
Authors of the project: Rogozev Nikolai Ivanovich Romanenko Sergey Vladimirovich Rogozev Nikolai Ivanovich is a resident of the village "Kipen", an active figure who pays great attention to children and creates unique compositions for the recreation of children and adults through landscape design. Love for children and creativity served as the basis for the creation of the "Nikolaev Fortress".
Romanenko Sergey Vladimirovich is a resident of Bolshiye Gorki, in 2007 he graduated from ASSPbSU (Academic Gymnasium at St. Petersburg State University) in the direction of "Geography", in 2011 he graduated from the Department of Regional Studies and International Tourism of the Faculty of Geography and Geoecology of St. Petersburg State University, in 2013. He graduated with honors from the magistracy at the Department of Regional Policy and Political Geography in the direction of "Regional policy in the field of tourism and recreation", the direction of study is entrepreneurship. The topic of the dissertation is “Small business as a factor in the development tourist and recreational space of the municipality on the example of the Lomonosovsky district of the Leningrad region"
In the village of Bolshiye Gorki near St. Petersburg, a stone “amusing” fortress rises, where everyone will find entertainment to their liking: here you can go through a real obstacle course, shoot from a bow, become a drummer in the “musical kitchen”, ride on cheesecakes with high slides, practice throwing an ax or just walk along the stone walls. A few years ago, this fortress with all the fun was built by a simple village resident Nikolai Rogozev. With his own hands, Nikolai dragged stones and built walls from them so that the local population could have an interesting time. Now people not only from the immediate surroundings, but even from St. Petersburg come to the "Nikolaev fortress", as the building is called by the people. Rogozev is only glad to all the guests: the more people, the merrier.
The second life of an abandoned quarry
Nikolai Rogozev grew up in one of the villages in the Leningrad region, and in his youth he left to conquer the city: he moved to St. Petersburg, where he worked as an electrician for a long time. Despite the great opportunities of a city dweller, Nikolai was still more attracted to the countryside, and he decided to return to his native places. Rogozev settled in a small house in the village of Bolshiye Gorki in the Lomonosovsky district, and life began to flow quietly and peacefully.
There was an abandoned quarry next to Nikolai's site, which stood idle and only spoiled the surrounding landscape. Without thinking twice, Rogozev decided to turn the undeveloped area into the main village center: he planned to build a “funny” fortress here with entertainment that would attract both children and adults. Inspired by his idea, Nikolai drew a plan of the future stone town on paper, and then set to work.
Nicholas built a fortress from stones found in a quarry. A photo:
From ax throwing to rollercoaster riding
The construction of the fortress turned out to be a difficult task already at the first stage of work. Nikolai pulled boulders and stones from the quarry and carried them to a makeshift construction site. In order to make his work at least a little easier, Rogozev thought of transporting a heavy load on children's sleds, and then he realized that he could not do without a tractor. When the materials were finally ready, the former electrician began to build walls and towers. Although Nikolai had never had to work with tools before, the construction of the fortress was in full swing and turned out to be the best possible: Rogozev was helped by friends and some local residents.
The fortress has a lot of entertainment for every taste. A photo: From the personal archive of Nikolai Rogozev
Soon, in the place where the abandoned ravine used to be, an unusual stone fortress grew up. It consists of three parts. On the lower “floor”, Nikolay set up a stage for various events and equipped a smithy and a shooting range for archery and ax throwing. In the central part of the fortress there is a musical installation made of pans with lids. The site is illuminated by a small lighthouse, near which a real restored boat moored, which used to serve as a garbage dump. Having climbed to the very top, everyone can slide down high hills or overcome an obstacle course - get to the other end of the fortress along a rope over a ravine.
The easternmost point of the Chelyabinsk region. The border line cuts like a wedge into the territory of neighboring Kazakhstan. This is the Varna region. Nikolaev fortress- an ambitious brainchild of the grandiose Orenburg project - is visible for several kilometers. In the 18-19 centuries, the Cossacks protected the local population from the raids of nomadic tribes - the Kirghiz-Aisaks, as the Kazakhs were called in the 18th century, who ambushed along the rivers, in forest pegs, attacked and took someone to Central Asia and sold them there.
In total, 5 fortresses (or more) were built according to a standard project, located at a distance of 100 kilometers from each other. They formed the line of the fortified area. Built around the same time. Redoubts were built between the fortresses. Imperial, Konstantinovskaya, Mikhailovskaya fortresses have not been preserved. And if they survived, they would now stand on the territory of Kazakhstan. And another Naslednitskaya is located to the south in the Bredinsky district. Built in 1835 and named after the heir to the throne, Alexander, the future Second, who recently visited these lands. On the territory of the fortress there is a temple in honor of the Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky. There are more than a hundred kilometers between Nikolaevskaya and Naslednitskaya, but they look like twins. Cossack settlements were located within a radius of 20 kilometers around each fortress.
Nikolayevskaya was built in 1836-1838. The temple in it is exactly the same only in honor of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. The fortress was built of red brick of an unusual shape. Four towers in the corners are observation posts. There were also secret warehouses for gunpowder. The temple was not only a temple, but also a defensive element, it was possible to shoot from it during raids. In 1837 alone, the fortresses of the Orenburg border line withstood about 50 attacks by Kazakh nomads led by the khan (or sultan) Kenesary Kasimov (aka Kene-khan and aka khan Kasym). This comrade zealously fought against Russia in 1837-1847.
The main task of the border guards - the Cossacks was to patrol the border. Nicholas fortress was built for 2 years. To be more precise, this is not a fortress, but a fortification, because. the walls were not designed for cannon strikes. But the nomads did not have cannons, and most importantly, they could not jump over the three-meter walls on horseback. The fortress is small, but distant. Withstood more than one nomadic raid. The biggest rebuff was given in 1839, when Nicholas fortress attacked by a detachment of Khan Kasim about two thousand people from the Steppe. The Kazakhs now installed monuments to him, probably no less than the Bashkirs to their Salavat. There were no more serious attacks. The fortress regularly performed the role of intimidation. The nomads, having arrived on the other side and seeing these powerful walls, immediately quickly realized that it was impossible to go any further.
The history of the fortress is connected with the name of the famous Vladimir Dal - the compiler of the explanatory dictionary and the connoisseur of Russian literature. They say that he personally participated in the selection of a place for the construction of the fortress. In 1833, Dahl was sent to serve in Orenburg, where he became an official for special assignments under the military governor.
Today, the wrought iron gates open once a week on Thursdays for parishioners of the small church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, which miraculously survived during the years of Soviet power. There are not many of them, 5-10 local residents, and the priest comes 90 km from Varna. They say that from the fortress came underground passage which led far beyond its limits. They even tried to find him, but left this idea. The bell for the temple was once brought from Nizhny Novgorod, there were many icons. But vandals in the 30s destroyed everything, including the cemetery. Here in the temple there was a granary, and icons were used to fill chests for grain, gravestones were taken around the house. In 1979, the temple and the fortress decided to restore. Restorers from Kyiv removed the domes and crosses and took them away. After a while they returned but without gilding. In the temple of Alexander Nevsky everything was also destroyed. But both of these temples still survived and are now working. The decoration is very modest. There is no luxury here, unlike the capital's temples. As the elders of Optina Hermitage predicted: "Everything will be in gold, but there will be no grace." So here it is just the opposite. Grace and such a special peaceful atmosphere. Once in the Nicholas fortress, you need to climb the bell tower of the fortress church, to its windy height. The river Ayat will sparkle below. Its rather steep bank will rise and leave at the horizon. Somewhere to the south - a foreign land. The new line after 1991 and the collapse of the Union returned.
Nikolai Rogozev was born and lived for the first twenty years in a village. Then he went to St. Petersburg and worked in electrical engineering - he made alarms and radar stations. But later he dropped everything and returned home.
During perestroika in the neighboring village of Bolshiye Gorki, his mother was given a plot of six acres. Nikolai built a house there, a bathhouse, and somehow there was not enough space.
Crossed the road wherewas an abandoned quarry. And Nikolai decided to build a fortress there - "Nikolaev amusing".
At first, he and his daughter drew everything on paper, then took up the instrument. He did everything himself, although he did not know how before. Sometimes friends-assistants came, in especially painful cases - guest workers.
Nikolai mined building material right here in the quarry. The work was hellish. The stones lay in open ground. At first he lifted them and dragged them by hand, then on sleds, children's ice-sleds, then with a winch. In the end, I came to the conclusion that hiring a tractor was both faster and cheaper.
Nicholas divided the fortress into three zones. Upper - with "extreme" slides.
Medium - with a lighthouse and a boat. He dragged the longboat from Strelna - in local club he served as a cesspool. There is also a "musical kitchen" where everyone can play on lids and pans.
Well, below is a concert stage and grounds for throwing an ax and archery.
Guard towers rise along the perimeter. You can just sit there and play war games.
Now Nikolai is building a forge. Again he turns stones and drags earth.
But his most important tool is a shovel. Without her, nowhere. Slides for cheesecakes require constant "updating": where you need to throw snow, and where, on the contrary, scrape it off. Only then is a perfect glide obtained.
Nikolai does not earn money from the fortress. As he says, only enough for tea, and only.
- Where? After all, the entrance is free, for the money you only rent cheesecakes. That's all, says Nikolai.
This ravine has long been privately owned by a private organization, which in the near future is going to start building cottages here.
- They say use it. So I use it as best I can, - Rogozev sadly jokes.
