Lyntupy - the fate of the station. Lyntupy - village of Postavy district, Vitebsk region of Belarus
Lyntupy is a village in the Postavy district, Vitebsk region Belarus. One of the main architectural sights of the village of Lyntupy is the Church of St. Andrew the Apostle. Some sources mention that the temple was consecrated in the name of St. Andrei Boboli, however, the official website of the Catholic Church in Belarus emphasizes that the temple and the parish bear the name of the Apostle Andrei. By the way, the village of Lyntupy was first mentioned in 1459 precisely in connection with the construction on the same site of the first, then still wooden church named after St. Andrew the Apostle. Well, the modern temple was built in 1914 on the central square of the village. In Soviet times, attempts were made to close the church, but the parishioners managed to defend it. In many ways, therefore, this temple has survived to this day in good condition. The church also continues to be maintained in excellent condition to this day. The church in the village of Lyntupy is quite interesting tourist attraction, an important architectural monument of the early 20th century, a historical and cultural value and an interesting landmark of Belarus.
Another important attraction of the village of Lyntupy is a small palace and park complex located here. All buildings belonging to this manor complex were built at the beginning of the 20th century. On the this moment Most of the buildings of this complex are relatively actively restored. The estate complex in the village of Lyntupy includes: a small palace, which is the central building of the entire complex; another administrative building (already restored); a very interesting tower (this tower served for household purposes and was erected, like other buildings, at the beginning of the 20th century, but it looks like it is a medieval defense tower, it even has loopholes); further, a lot of outbuildings, some of which are still fully functioning as part of one of the local enterprises; several arched bridges and fragments of a park with artificial reservoirs and small canals. The manor complex in the village of Lyntupy is also an important architectural monument of the early 20th century, a historical and cultural value and an interesting landmark of Belarus.
One of the attractions of the city of p. Lyntupy (Republic of Belarus, Vitebsk region, Postavy district) is the Bishevsky estate ( locals pronounced like Bushevsky). It was built in 1907 according to the design of the well-known Polish-Russian architect of that time - Count Tadeusz Rastvorovsky.
One of the local legends tells the story of the construction of this estate. A young gentry Józef Bishevsky fell in love in Paris with a beautiful French actress (I think she was a dancer). The French woman promised to marry him on the condition that he build for her magnificent palace. Bishevsky, upon returning to Lyntupy, fulfilled the condition of his beloved - he built a two-story stone palace. Each room of the palace was richly decorated, differed in colors and had its own name (for example, Chinese, Moorish ...). There was even central heating in its walls - special voids through which warm air came from the basement. Outbuildings (house for servants, kitchen, cellar ...) were erected next to the palace, and each of them was decorated to match the main building. This entire complex of buildings was on an island, which was framed by four large hand-dug ponds and interconnected canals. A park of rare species of trees and shrubs was laid around the palace. A summer pavilion was built in the park, where musical evenings were held. On holidays, the gates of the estate were opened and everyone was allowed into the park. The palace had two entrances with columns. The entrance on one side led to the bridge to the park, and the entrance on the other side to the stone embankment of the nearest pond. On this embankment there were steps that allowed you to go down directly to the water (for example, to ride a boat).
The capricious Frenchwoman, having visited Lyntupy, did not appreciate the efforts of our countryman - she said that her father had stables even richer, and drove off back to her Paris. Jozef, heartbroken, settled not far from the palace in a small wooden house on the territory of the present distillery, and guests who came to endless parties lived and had fun in the new palace. Here is such a not funny story of the appearance in the north-west of Belarus of this unique manor and park complex, a monument of unrequited love.
What is a palace without a treasure? The second legend associated with the Bishevsky estate is about the treasure. Several left the estate. underground passages. For example, one of them led directly to the church, which is located in the center of the town (about 500 meters from the estate). In confirmation of this, once in the park, towards the church, there was a hole in the ground - probably the old brick vault of the passage could not stand it. So, when in 1939 the Red Army captured the town of Lyntupy, Pan Bishevsky fled. At the same time, he left in a hurry and therefore left all the acquired good at home. Most of the valuables (for example, expensive dishes) were hidden in one of the underground passages. Once, in Soviet times, an old man was driven out of the basement of the palace, who was tapping the walls in one of his rooms. So, perhaps walking through the park, we are trampling on the family values of Pan Bishevsky.
Unfortunately, today the palace is in a deplorable state, and one can only guess how it was looking at old photographs, the remains of decorations on the walls and fragments of tiles on the floor. In Soviet times, the Lyntup secondary school was located on the estate. The palace housed the director's office, school library, assembly hall, senior classes, and the school canteen in the basement. One of the four ponds was filled in - there was a school football field on it. On September 1, 1992, the school moved to a new building, and the estate was abandoned.
Only in June 2006, the Scientific and Methodological Council of the Department for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Ministry of Culture decided to attribute the Bishevsky estate to historical values. But to this day, the sign "Gistarychnaya kashtoўnasts. Ahoўvaetstsa dzyarzhavay" has not appeared there.
In the decision of the Postavy District Council of Deputies dated December 15, 2006 No. 176 "On the Program for the Socio-Economic Development of the Urban Settlement of Lyntupy for 2006-2010" it was written: "In order to develop the material base for recreation and tourism of the urban village, it is planned to reconstruct the architectural monument - palace and park complex "Bishevsky Manor", to develop excursion route, for which the direction of investments in the amount of 2 billion rubles is predicted". It's a shame, but the reason for the reconstruction of the estate is not concern for our historical values, but a banal thirst to replenish the district treasury in the hope of "increasing the volume of sales of tourist services by 10%". This is good decision and finished off the palace building. The first allocated money was only enough to draw up a reconstruction project, start breaking down the building and erecting several walls of silicate blocks. Then another, already profitable project was found in the area, for which all the money was spent. The fact that since 1996 the city of Postavy has been hosting the "International Festival of Folk Music "Dulcimer and Accordion Ringing"". And when this entertainment event became popular and began to generate income, all the money was spent on repairing the sights of the district center itself. And the Bishevsky estate, as and many other historical sites, was left to its own devices, and over time it turned into a public toilet, rubbish dump and a hundred for drunkards.
At the end of 2009, the Ministry of Culture approved a list of abandoned estates and palaces that are historical and cultural values and can be transferred to investors. The document, signed by the Minister of Culture and the Minister of Sports and Tourism, is called "Action Plan for the transfer of unused farmsteads located in rural areas and small towns to rural ecotourism entities." The list of estates included in this list includes 46 objects, including the Bishevsky estate. One of the first swallows was the sale for 105 thousand dollars to a businessman from Russia of a palace and park complex in the village of Kraski, Volkovysk region. So, perhaps the only way to save the Bishevsky estate is to sell it to a rich foreigner. One can only hope that the new owner of the estate will be as kind as Pan Bishevsky and will, at least for holidays, allow residents of Lyntup to take a walk in his park.
Let's start our tour of the Bishevsky estate from the palace. Before you is a view of the palace from the park. In the foreground are photographs of stands for statues of lions (the lions were demolished a long time ago, probably because they disfigure the school and do not correspond to the ideals of the world proletariat).
The same view, only closer - after crossing the canal from the park.
We go around the palace on the left.
On the ground floor, in an oval room, there was a school teacher's room (sorry, my knowledge of the purpose of the palace rooms is limited to its Soviet period).
This side is on a German postcard from World War I (1915-1916). The Germans were lucky - the territory was well-groomed, so it was possible to take good pictures. And now everything is so overgrown that it is not realistic to take such a picture (unless in late autumn, when all the foliage has fallen).
This is the staircase, along which ladies in luxurious dresses, accompanied by gentlemen, went out to the pond to take a walk along the embankment or go boating.
In the center of the wall is the door of the back door, through which servants used to go in pan times, but in Soviet times everything. Both main entrances were blocked: the entrance hall from the park was occupied by a wardrobe, and in the entrance hall from the side of the pond there was an assembly hall.
Turning 180 degrees, you can see the main bridge, which once drove into the estate.
In some places, it has already become so thin that water can be seen through the cracks.
There is also a big hole on the side. I am glad that earlier the builders were good - they built firmly, for centuries. After all, when the bridge was being built, no one knew that tractors would drive along it!
View of the palace from the other side of the pond (crossing the bridge).
The same view on another German postcard.
It shows the stone embankment of the pond, of which now only pitiful remnants remain.
densely overgrown with trees and shrubs.
And here is a fragment of warped steps, which descended to the water
G.p. Lyntupy, Postavy district, Vitebsk region
Lyntupy is an urban settlement with a population of approximately 1,600 people. Roads P95 and P110 pass through the village. There was a railway line to the neighboring Republic of Lithuania, but now this message is closed, Lyntupy has become a dead end station.
River Lyntupka gave the name to the village, itself having received it from the merger of Finnish and Baltic roots. bird river- this is what lies under the non-Slavic sound of the word Lyntupy.
Biography of the village
The first mention of it in historical documents is 1450, when Governor Dovgirdovich built here wooden church of St. Andrew. But it is believed that people lived here long before this event, back in the 10th century. This is evidenced by the results of excavations of numerous burial mounds. The tribes adhered to pagan beliefs, performed cults on the accumulations of boulders, made sacrifices, composed legends and gradually became legends themselves. Stone-grandfather, Stone-krinitsa - almost proper names of the surviving pagan boulders.
In the middle of the 16th century locality belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, at the end of the 18th century, together with the nearby territories, passed under the jurisdiction Russian Empire, for some time it was part of Poland, since 1939 - in the BSSR, and then became a state property of the Republic of Belarus.
Long history - long list of owners: Buchinsky, Ostrovsky, Gilzeny. The last who owned until 1939 - Bishevsky, out of which Jozef Biszewski built a beautiful manor and park complex, which even now arouses admiration even among sophisticated visitors.
During the Great Patriotic War, the village was occupied and was in the hands of the invaders until July 9, 1944. The mournful sights associated with this period are the monuments at the site of the execution of Jews from the ghetto, organized by the Nazis in Lyntupy.
More about attractions
History knows how to hide its secrets, some achievements are irretrievably erased from the face of the earth, but there are true pearls, the beauty and value of which cannot be hidden by merciless time.
Such an undeniable value is Church of St. Apostle Andrew(built in 1908-1914 to replace a smaller wooden building). Now it is a functioning Catholic church, each line corresponding to its sublime purpose, connoisseurs admire the originality of the canons of pseudo-baroque architecture incorporated in the construction of the building, and the stone fence of the church has historical value.
interesting Bishevsky's estate- a house, almost a palace, built by a famous architect at that time Tadeusz Rastvorovsky. The construction of the estate is fanned with romance. Jozef Bishevsky lovingly erected it for a capricious and demanding French actress, putting a special meaning into the interior of each room: all rooms differed from each other in style. The surviving tiles and stucco work amaze with their sophistication.
The house was the center of the park composition. A park here should be understood, in addition to plantings, also a system of reservoirs - 4 ponds. From some angles it seems that they surround the building. The park does not just have a landscape character: amazing landscape paintings have been created in some places. The authors of the project played a lot with perspective, symmetry, axes and alleys, creating a single composition from individual elements. The pseudo-Gothic smokehouse building, pavilion, arch bridge, wonderful staircase.
But the owner of this beauty did not manage to win the heart of the treacherous beauty, in despair, he almost did not use the chambers in his own estate, and here the circumstances were such that in 1939 he was forced to flee, bringing to life another legend - about a hidden treasure.
The atmosphere of the Belarusian urban village is permeated with legends and harmony, historical and aesthetic delights, therefore the settlement itself attracts and holds the attention of an interested person.
Belarusian towns and villages for the most part leave a good impression. Of course, there are a lot of abandoned villages here too, but more or less large settlements look pretty decent. However, there are exceptions. I was left a little amazed after visiting the village of Lyntupy. It is unlikely that Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko was here, perhaps after his visit there would have been positive changes. There are not many attractions here, but they are. And in general, the village deserves the best. But first things first.
Get to Lyntupy public transport very hard. Buses from the regional center of Postavy (or anywhere else) do not go there, since the road has not yet been paved. In not the largest Belarusian settlements, only the so-called "graves" are laid - primers covered with rubble. You can ride on them, however, for cyclists this is a terrible test. So civilization in the form of paved asphalt has not yet reached Lyntup. And this is in the 21st century. There is a diesel train from Postavy to Lyntup twice a day. Excursions to Lyntupy also do not happen, they say that the sights available there and their condition are unlikely to please tourists. Yes, and to carry people for several kilometers on rubble, probably not entirely solid. Nothing helped me in the tourism department resort village Naroch. They said, they say, go there only by taxi. I knew that Lyntupy is located in the border zone of the Republic of Belarus, and to visit this area you need to pay a special fee. In order not to break the law, I asked the tourism department where I could pay for it. I never received a clear answer - information assistance is provided there only in the Naroch region, located in the Minsk region. Lyntupy, although not very far from Naroch, is the Postavy district of the Vitebsk region. A local taxi driver agreed to take me to Lyntup and back for 2,000 Russian rubles. He paid the bank fee for himself, and he told me that there was no need to worry.
Fate was not entirely favorable to the Lyntupas. Once a major railway junction, and now a corner forgotten by everyone, today it is located on the very edge of the country and is not developing at all. Certainly, tourist mecca the village is unlikely to ever become: after all, the district is full of more interesting settlements. But in general, it is a pity for the locals who live in such desolation. Lyntup has enough interesting story, and here you can attract tourists in the future.
The taxi driver dropped me off and waited in the center of the village next to the church of St. Andrew the Apostle. The beautiful temple that adorns Lyntupy was built in 1908-1914. At the information stand it is reported that the temple was consecrated in the name of St. Andrei Boboli, but the official website of the Belarusian Catholic Church confirms that the church still bears the name of the Apostle Andrei, and the main holiday is celebrated on November 30 (the memory of the Holy Apostle Andrei, among the Orthodox - December 13).
In a classic Belarusian place on main square there has always been a church, an Orthodox church and a synagogue. But there has never been a church in Lyntupy. The synagogue was located directly opposite the church, but the building has not been preserved. By the way, the locals have never been religiously tolerant, and there were constant skirmishes between Catholics and Jews.
Further, according to the plan, there was a visit to the former estate of the Bishevskys. The manor complex was built in the late 19th - early 20th century. The main building of the estate was designed by the architect Tadeusz Rastvorovsky in 1907. Local legend says that a young gentry Józef Biszewski fell in love with a beautiful Parisian. She promised to marry him, but on the condition that he build a palace for her. The condition was met, the pansky palace is really very beautiful. But the capricious Frenchwoman did not appreciate the efforts of the gentry in the end.
For a long time the estate was in a terrible state. Many buildings dilapidated and began to collapse. No one looked after the old park, and the ponds and canals were overgrown with mud. However, quite recently the Russians bought the manor complex and restoration work began there.
Swans on the pond. By the way, Lyntupy in translation from the Baltic language means "bird river".
Lyntupy used to have the status of a town, now it is an urban-type settlement. Although the current status is not entirely suitable for this locality. There are no high-rise buildings here, moreover, it seemed that people here are still not familiar with such a boon of civilization as sewerage. Even the building of the local administration has a wooden toilet. Since the century before last, a brewery has been operating in Lyntupy, now producing alcohol. True, the locals said that after a recent fire, it does not work at full capacity.
Need to talk about railway station Lyntupy. There were times when the village was a major transport hub. At the end of the 19th century, the Pabrade-Krulevshchizna branch was built. During the First World War, a narrow-gauge railway was built from Lyntup to Kobylnik (now the village of Naroch), then dismantled and rebuilt in the 1920s. The branch was closed in 1960, and little remains of it. There was also a section of the railway from Lyntup to Shvencheneliai (now Lithuania), it lasted a little longer. After the collapse of the USSR, communication with the Lithuanian Pabrade ceased, although the Vitebsk-Grodno train passed along this line. Now Lyntupy is a dead-end station where two commuter trains in a day.
Monument to the engineer Boleslav Yalovetsky, a native of these places and who built railways here over a hundred years ago.
Whether it will be interesting for tourists in Lyntupy, I don’t know. Personally, I liked the settlement, somehow the village attracted me. And I would like to hope that Alexander Lukashenko will come here someday and come up with something. Well, a village with such rich history(and in its vicinity there are also ancient burial mounds and huge boulders, about which there are many legends). I hope that an asphalt road will be laid here, the estate will be restored, and local residents will not complain about unemployment and lack of prospects.
