Tourist routes are linear forms of tourism organization. A tourist route with tourist centers located within it can be defined as a linear-nodal form of tourism organization. Any travel, trips and tours are carried out on predetermined routes. Consequently, a tourist route is a geographically defined route of a hike, a journey, tied to a given area and special objects, and described with varying degrees of detail.

tourist route is defined as a pre-planned route of movement of tourists for a certain period of time in order to receive the services provided for by the program and additional tourist and excursion services. Tourist routes are one of the main types of services provided to tourists.

Route is defined as the path followed by a tourist, indicated by a list of all geographical points and places visited by him in succession during the trip, indicating the modes of transport used by the tourist to move between stops along the route. The starting and ending points of the route are the starting and ending points of the journey. The beginning of the route is the place of provision of the first tourist service specified in the contract to the tourist, and the end of the route is the place of provision of the last tourist service. Depending on the movement along the route, linear, circular, radial and combined types of tourist routes are distinguished (Fig. 7.3.).

Linear route – a route that begins and ends at different geographical locations. This is the most common type of route. The tourist stays in the destination for a certain time, while making one-day excursions from the place of his stay. After rest, the tourist returns to the place of permanent residence.

In this case, one feature of linear routes should be considered. There are two options for organizing them. The first assumes that the start and end points of the route do not match. For example, a cruise along the Volga "Saratov - Samara - Ulyanovsk - Kazan" is a classic example of a linear tourist route. The starting point of the trip is Saratov, and the final point is Kazan.

However, there is one thing here. Suppose that a tourist, having reached Kazan, returned back to Saratov by the same ship, visiting the same set of tourist centers as on the way from Saratov to Kazan. In this case, this option should also be considered as a linear tourist route. If a tourist, having reached Kazan by boat, returns home by train, then this option (second) does not fit into the definition of a linear route, since his path is organized along a circular route.

But this route will be circular only if the tourist service continues during the entire trip. Most cruises involve one-way service only. The issue of returning home is decided by the tourist independently and at his own expense. In this case, the route remains linear.

1. Linear type of tourist route

2. Ring type tourist route

3. Radial type of tourist route

4. Combined type of tourist route

Rice. 7.3. Types of tourist routes

Radial route – a route, the beginning and end of which take place in one geographical point of stay, located in which the tourist travels to other points of stay, while returning to the point of origin of the trip. For example, tourists from Volgograd arrived in St. Petersburg and, after a three-day stay in the city, leaving their pre-booked hotel rooms, made several trips to Novgorod, Pskov and Pushkinskiye Gory.

The main condition for the implementation of the radial route is the fact that the reservation is preserved in the hotel of the tourist center from which trips to other tourist centers are made. The presence of overnight stays in the stationary accommodation facilities of Pskov and Novgorod somewhat complicates the task, while maintaining the radial nature of the movements.

Ring route – a route that begins and ends at the same geographical location. A classic example of routes of this kind is the route of the Golden Ring of Russia tour, which passes through the following cities: Moscow - Vladimir - Suzdal - Rostov - Yaroslavl - Kostroma - Ples - Ivanovo - Moscow.

The place of arrival at the destination can be:

but) unchanged when tourists, arriving at a tourist destination, pass through only 1-2 transit cities. Such cities are called "gateways". In Russia, the gateways are St. Petersburg and Moscow. Often gateways are cities that have major airports or train stations - for example, Chicago, Frankfurt am Main, Hong Kong, London, Dublin, etc.

b) other than the place of arrival when tourists arrive in one city and fly home from another city. For example, a tourist starts a tour of Russia from Moscow, arriving at Sheremetyevo Airport, and ends it by flying home from Pulkovo Airport in St. Petersburg. Such tours are called crossing tours.

Combined route – a route that contains elements of two or three other route types in some combination. For example, you can make a river cruise along the Volga with the organization of transfers by bus to tourist centers remote from the main channel of the Volga, such as Rostov, Vladimir, Semenov, Yelabuga, Ivanovo, etc.

Tourist routes are divided according to seasonality into: year-round, that is, valid throughout the year and seasonal operating during any season. In a separate group we single out holiday routes tied to certain public holidays. According to the duration of the trip, the routes are divided into multi-day(vacation) and weekend itineraries(weekend tours).

Tourist routes must also be classified according to the types of transport used. Allocate aviation, rail, bus, road, river, sea and combined tourist routes.

Aviation tourist routes are reduced to use as the main air transport and are implemented in two forms: a) regular air routes and b) air routes on charter flights(irregular, by appointment). The duration of air routes can vary widely, although the actual process of air transportation is quite short - no more than 10-12 hours.

Railway tourist routes suggest the use railway transport in two main forms: a) regular tourist routes and b) special tourist-excursion (charter) trains. The duration of rail tours, as a rule, is quite large - from one to two weeks or more.

Bus tourist routes eat organized travel tourists using tourist buses. Bus tours can be both regular and irregular. The duration of bus routes can vary widely - from an hour-long excursion to a three-week bus tours throughout Europe.

Unlike the bus automobile tourist routes involve travel of unorganized groups of tourists both on their own and on rented cars. The duration of such trips is determined by tourists independently and can vary widely - from one day to six months.

River And sea ​​tourist routes are based on the travel of organized groups of tourists with the involvement of sea and river transport as the main modes of transport. Traveling with aquatic species transport are implemented in three forms: a) maritime and river cruises; b) sightseeing and pleasure trips; c) yachting and individual travel. The duration of water travel can be very different - from one day (excursion and pleasure flights) to six months (expensive cruises).

Combined tourist routes involve the use of two or more modes of transport in various combinations. Multimodal transport has become widespread in the practice of the tourism business, as it allows you to optimize the structure of the tour and the time spent on its implementation.

Considering the spatial organization of tourist routes, it should be noted that it is the completeness of their system that is a factor that helps to highlight tourist areas and especially microdistricts. When contouring a territory with a complete system of routes, an elementary territorial tourism system is actually created. The system, in addition to the network of tourist routes, will also include settlements as places of demand formation, as well as transport communications as a means of communication between the destination and the place of demand formation. We will talk about tourist centers and destinations in the next paragraph.

Tourist and excursion route “Historical and architectural guide for children “I love you, my land Dergachevsky”. Target audience: schoolchildren aged 1417 Murzakova Daria Sergeevna Length of the route: 1 km. 4th year student of group 421 (pedestrian) N. G. Chernyshevsky Institute of History and International Relations in Transport (bus) - 220 km. from the direction of "Tourism" Saratov to the river. settlement Dergachi Scientific adviser: -220 km. from r. Dergachi village to Saratov Associate Professor of the Department of Tourism and cultural heritage Total: 440 km. Institute of History and International Relations SSU N. G. Chernyshevsky Tour Duration (including Koroleva Oksana Vladislavovna interactive classes and a picnic) - 3 hours Saratov

Project objectives: 1. Involvement of new tourist sites in the tourist area of ​​the region. 2. Expanding knowledge about cultural and historical values Saratov region, namely the Dergachevsky district. 3. Increasing the tourist attractiveness of the Dergachevsky district. 4. Educational tasks. 5. Attracting attention to the history of the native land by schoolchildren. 6. Introduction of new technologies, namely the use of interactive classes for schoolchildren in a game format. Project objectives: To create a unique project guide for schoolchildren to the significant sights of the village of Dergachi, Saratov Region, using interactive classes.

In the village of Dergachi, Saratov region, there is a large number of unique, historical and architectural sights. All of them are "long-livers" of the village. The uniqueness of the architectural heritage of Dergachi and its significance not only for the residents of the Dergachev district, but for the entire Saratov region, lies in the fact that the village has preserved buildings built more than two hundred years ago, which keep the history of that time. There are not so many of these left in the Saratov region architectural structures. Acquaintance with architectural and cultural buildings on the territory of the Dergachev district will allow children to more fully learn the history of their native land, the life and way of life of the people who inhabited the Dergachev district

The minimum number of tourists in a group is 30 people Meals - 6,000 rubles (for the whole group) Transport services - 10,800 rubles Excursion services - 500 rubles Additional expenses for the group - 150 rubles (for each excursionist). Total 4,500 rubles Total direct costs - 21,800 rubles Profitability (15%) - 3,270 rubles Total cost of servicing the group - 25,070 rubles. . The cost of the 1st tour package is 726 rubles

The number of tourists and the number of groups - 30 people; 22 groups Total tourists on the route - 520 people Start of service on the route - May 16, 2016 End of service on the route - October 24, 2016

Sightseeing. Object 1: The building of the Dergachevsky Orphanage for mentally retarded children (Lva Tolstoy st., 68)

Object 3: Sculptural composition "1941-1945" To Dergachev soldiers who died in the Great Patriotic War” (Maxim Gorky St.)

Practical application of the tourist-excursion route “Historical and architectural guide for children “I love you, my land Dergachevsky” Before starting to write a tourist-excursion project for children and schoolchildren, I wondered if the schoolchildren of Dergachi know the history of their native land and the most significant sights? Based on this, we conducted a sociological survey among schoolchildren aged 11-17 years. The questionnaire contained 6 questions: 1. What is patriotism? 2. Do you consider yourself a patriot? 3. Do you know the history of our village, its name? 4. What do you know about the streets of our village? 5. Do you know the sights of the village? 6. Enter your age.

57 people took part in the survey. All of them are schoolchildren of MKOU secondary school No. 1 r. village Dergachi, Saratov region. Analysis of the data obtained showed that 95% of the students surveyed are familiar with the concept of patriotism. 57 out of 57 (100%) of the surveyed schoolchildren consider themselves patriots of their country and native land. To the question “Do you know the history of our village, its names in the past? ”, only 45% of students gave the correct answer. 67% of schoolchildren are familiar with the sights of the Dergachi district, but 23% of the respondents do not know at all about the historical values ​​of the village of Dergachi.

Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that not all schoolchildren are familiar with the history of their native land. Many do not even have an idea about the sights of their native village. Having identified the current problem, it was decided to develop a tourist-excursion route for children, the main goals of which are to draw attention to the history of their native land on the part of schoolchildren and expand knowledge about the cultural and historical values ​​of the Saratov region, namely the Dergachevsky district

Based on the information of the Dergachev Museum of Local Lore, the text of the excursion was compiled on the basis of historical data, facts and legends. The tourist excursion route “Historical and architectural guide for children “I love you, my land of Dergachevsky” is a unique project-guide for schoolchildren to the significant sights of the village of Dergachi using interactive activities for children.

On November 8, 2014, the implementation of the project "I love you, my land Dergachevsky" took place. There were 23 schoolchildren aged 15-17 years old. The objects of the show were: - the building of the military commissariat of the Dergachevsky and Ozinsky districts; Church of the Archangel Michael; -Dergachev Museum of Local Lore; - the estate of Efim Fedorovich Morkov; - the house of the landowner Koltunov. At the end of the tour, there was interactive lesson with the use of outdoor games and an educational quiz, the participants of which could show their knowledge gained during the excursion.

Objective of the project: studying the history of the small motherland, awakening interest and respect for historical and cultural values, fostering interest and love for the small motherland, development excursion tour, contributing to the formation of a sustainable network of internal excursion routes in the Yegorkinsky rural settlement.

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MBOU "Egorkinskaya secondary school" of the Shumerlinsky district of the Chechen Republic

Information project

"Tourist-excursion route" Our ancient land ".

Leaders: Poyandaev Anatoly Nikanorovich, local historian - researcher, Member of the Guild of craftsmen and masters of arts and crafts of the Chuvash Republic,active member of the Chuvash People's Academy and Arts, head of the genealogy section of CHNANI, head of the Shumerlinsk city branch of the ChNK,

Frolov S.G. , history teacher, Ulisov V.N.,honorary local historian of the Chechen Republic, full member of the Chuvash People's Academy and Arts, People's Academician of Chuvashia, head of the Shumerlinsky district branch of the ChNK,Albutova N.M., teacher of the Chuvash language and literature.

Egorkino 2016

Objective of the project: studying the history of the small motherland, awakening interest and respect for historical and cultural values, fostering interest and love for the small motherland, developing an excursion tour that contributes to the formation of a sustainable network of internal excursion routes in the Yegorkinsky rural settlement.

Tasks :

1. Study literary and informational sources on the topic.

2. Get acquainted with the rules for compiling and conducting excursions so that everyone would be interested in them.

3. Make excursion cards of some historical objects

4. Spend virtual tour for people using presentations and photos.

Object of studybecame Yegorkinskoye rural settlement and its environs,subject of study- historical and cultural potential Yegorkinskoe settlement.

When creating the work, the mainresearch methods:

1. Theoretical (study of literary sources);
2. Interrogation method (conversations with villagers, relatives);
3. The method of studying documents.

Learning activities

Selection of material about the history, cultural, historical and memorable places of our settlement, collection of photographs, memories of residents and other information. Work with various information sources.

Project implementation

1. The study of the available literature on the problem;
2. Collection of factual material based on a survey of fellow countrymen;
3. Study of documents, periodicals;
4. Viewing and selection of photos;
5. Formulation of conclusions, evaluation of the results.
6. Preparation and presentation of the results in the form of a photo album and presentation.

Project relevancedue to the importance of developing an excursion along the route historical sites Egorkinskoye rural settlement, which is not very famous. In this regard, close attention should be paid to the development of just such a tourist route that would fully reflect the beauty and historical and cultural significance of the Yegorkino settlement.

result project activities was the development of the tourist-excursion route "Our ancient land".

Introduction

Shumerlinsky district is a hospitable land, where customs, crafts, and secrets of village cuisine are carefully preserved and passed on from generation to generation. A journey through the Shumerlinsky district is a meeting with antiquity, with the grandeur of nature, the sounds of a drawn-out song and the poetry of the Chuvash composer Y. Kudakov.

Homeland is the memory of the history of the region. Motherland is native culture and the desire to preserve it. And, of course, Motherland is a native village, its streets and houses, winters and springs, its people. Homeland is friends and acquaintances, family. Motherland is the memory of the heart about fellow countrymen, about the native land. Therefore, I would very much like everyone who comes here to know the history of their region.

Hypothesis: in our village and its surroundings there are many attractions that will be of interest to guests.

The most important thing is the choice of the place of the excursion. When determining the place of a future excursion, you need to justify what may interest tourists.

Next, we select the objects of the excursion. We determine the sights that, in your opinion, can become objects of excursions. It can be like architectural monuments, historical monuments, and just interesting and unusual places our settlement.

The correct selection of objects, their number and the sequence of their location affects the quality of the tour.

When choosing an object of excursion, we highlight:

Location

cognitive value

expressiveness

Irregularity, uniqueness

Popularity.

The tour should not be overloaded with a large number of objects.

The object card is filled in according to the following points:

1. Name.
2. Location.
3. Brief description (author, date of construction).
4. The historical event with which the monument is associated.
5. Source of information about the monument.
6. Preservation of the monument.
7. Photo of the object.

Our tour will be an overview, according to the mode of transportation - transport, as well as a walk to see and feel all the beauty of our area.

Having conducted a survey among schoolchildren, teachers and acquaintances and having learned in more detail the history of my locality, I have chosen various places and buildings, which can be used to make a route for an excursion around my small homeland.

In essence, an excursion is a walk that has both an educational and entertaining purpose. So, following the plan, we choose objects for our excursion.

1) Egorinsky rural house of culture,meeting with the folklore group "Shanchak,"Memory Watch" - a monument-obelisk to the warriors-natives of the Yegorkinsky rural settlement.

2) Tree-old-timer "Kiremet khirě" (19th century) (near the village of Egorkino)

3) Apple orchard "Ukarin"

4) Archaeological site "Gorodischensky Cape" (near the village of Egorkino)

5) Monument of nature "Pine-kiremet" (19th century) (near the village of Poyandaikino

6) man-made forest Karmal, cedar alley. Plantings of Altai cedar, fir, pine, spruce. (near the village of Poyandaikino)

7) the holy spring "Semiklyuchye" -Siv sal (near the village of Poyandaikino).

8) Ethnographic museum-estate of riding Chuvashs of the Poyandaev family (village Poyandaikino)

9) Watch of memory "- a monument-obelisk to the warriors-natives of the village of Savaderkino.

Thus, the relevance of the topic of the work is due to the importance of developing an excursion along the route of the historical places of the Yegorkinsky settlement, which is not very famous. In this regard, close attention should be paid to the development of just such a tourist route that would fully reflect the beauty and historical and cultural significance of the Yegorkino settlement.

Main part

Topic: "Our ancient land"

Duration: 6 o'clock

Length: 12 km-tourist route, 20 km-length from the city of Shumerli to the start of the route.

Excursion route: Egorkino village - Poyandaikino village - holy spring - Egorkino village - Savaderkino village.

The objects included in the route provide great value from an ecological, historical, national, cultural point of view.

Description of volunteering

Volunteer activity in the preparation of the route is to repair, bring in the proper form the objects included in the route, for example -Holy spring. "Semyklyuchye" - Siv sal (near the village of Poyandaikino), as well as helping tourists overcome obstacles when passing the route. ravines, etc., as well as assisting in cooking, setting up tents, lighting fires, etc. It is important for volunteers to remember safety precautions when overcoming water barriers, being in the forest, and lighting fires. Maintaining cleanliness and order in specially protected areas is also of no small importance.

The main objects of the excursion are the settlements of the Yegorkinsky rural settlement, and, therefore, the travel information must touch on the history of the emergence of the village of Yegorkino and its geographical location.

The northern border of the Egorkinskoye rural settlement begins from the point of intersection of the existing border of the region with the Krasnochetaisky district and the western border of quarter 17 of the Salanchik forestry of the Shumerlinsky forestry enterprise.

The eastern border of the Egorkinskoye rural settlement is moving south and runs along the eastern border of the former lands of the Novaya Zhizn agricultural production cooperative.

The southern border of the Egorkinskoye rural settlement has a western slope and runs along the southern border of the former lands of the Novaya Zhizn agricultural production cooperative. Then it follows the southern border of the former agricultural production cooperative "Bolshevik" to the intersection with the eastern border of quarter 41 of the Salanchik forestry. Then it passes along the eastern border of blocks 41, 53, then turns to the west and passes along the southern borders of blocks 53, 61, 60, 59 of the Salanchik forestry of the Shumerlinsky forestry enterprise.

The western border of the Egorkinskoye rural settlement runs along the western border of quarters 59, 50, 38, 27, 17 of the Salanchik forestry of the Shumerlinsky forestry enterprise to the starting point.

History of the village of Egorkino

The beauty of these places inspires, nature fascinates.The ancient settlement of Yakurtushken settled in the wilderness of a dense mixed forest. The founder of the settlement was a fugitive serf Yakurt. It was founded in the 18th century on the top of the river Mĕrkesh (now Eskeden). Other peasants settled around Yakurt, and the village was called Yakurtushken. The inhabitants of the village were engaged in agriculture, cattle breeding, hunting for wild forest animals. In ancient times, residents wore bast shoes, homespun clothes. In the vicinity of the village once lived ancient animals - mammoths. This is evidenced by mammoth bones found near the Merkesh River. Bones, teeth, mammoth tusk in 1956 were found by students of the Egorkinskaya eight-year school and handed over to the Tuvan secondary school as an exhibit. The find was discovered by a student Ivanov Ilya Zakharovich. At the same time (in the 18th century), another serf Pazit settled on the other (southern) bank of the Mĕrkesh River, not far from Yakurt, and Pazitushkăn was formed in the neighborhood. Pazit's younger brother Eris enjoyed great prestige in the village. Later the village was called Erisushkăn (now Ariskino street).

Some old-timers claim that Eris was Pazit's servant. As if Eris killed his brother - a rich man and became in charge of his household.

Later, the villages of Yakurtushkan and Erisushkan merged into one rural community of Yakurtushkan. On the eastern side of the village of Yegorkino, near the river, peasants settled, who worked on the plot of the farm of Vasily Petrovich. The farmer himself lived in the village of Norusovo (now Kalinino, Vurnarsky district).

Our journey begins with the Yegorkinsky rural house of culture, where we are waiting formeeting with the folklore group "Shanchak".The group's repertoire includes folk songs and works by Chuvash composers. In their performances, village singers include elements of dance, round dance, and skillfully involve listeners in a group dance. As a keepsake, you can buy souvenirs, toys prepared with your own hands.

Near the Yegorkinsky rural house of culture there is a monument to the soldiers-natives of the Yegorkinsky rural settlement, who heroically fought and defended our Motherland during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, took part in the hostilities in Afghanistan and Chechnya.

The inhabitants of the village of Yegorkino prayed to the deity, thanked him, asked him for something and shared with him the fruits of their labors. By this they sought to preserve order and harmony in the world. Before chÿk it was obligatory to take a bath and put on clean clothes. After the meal, the participants of the ritual returned home, took the leftover food with them and always treated the infirm old people who could not come to chak. The film "Harvest Time" was filmed here, which tells how the wife of a front-line soldier came to pray at "Kiremet Khyra" so that her husband would return alive from the front. Local historian Ulisov V.N. helped the directors when working on the picture, even with great difficulty found a goose to shoot the film.

Next, we will look at the Ukarin apple orchard, which is located on the outskirts of the village of Yegorkino. The inhabitants who settled near the farm fence were called fences, and the settlement was called Ugarin, and later - Ogarinkino. The village of Ogarinkino was formed in the 19th century. The village of Ogarinkino was also included in the rural community of Yakurtushkan. To this day, traces of the farm remain. There are wild apple trees in the farm garden, a linden that grew near the farm house. apple orchard Ukarin was founded by collective farmers in the 1960s.

Further, our route runs to one of the monuments of the early Iron Age, the ancient settlement "Khola Soch". (Gorodischensky Cape). It is located near the village of Egorkino. It is protected by the state and is an archaeological monument. There was a settlement of people who lived 2.5 thousand years ago during the early Iron Age. Ancient people were engaged in agriculture, cattle breeding, hunting, they were able to process swamp ore-limonite. The cultural monument belongs to the Gorodets culture. There is a boar trail, artificially created fortifications to protect against attacks by foreign tribes. Archaeological excavations carried out in this area made it possible to find household items, dishes of local residents who lived 2.5 thousand years ago.

The next stage of our route is the natural monument "Pine-kiremet", which dates back to the 19th century. It is located near the village of Poyandaikino. Around this tree locals they prayed to the deity, made sacrifices, asked higher powers to give them rain during a drought, asked them to protect them from diseases, fires, and various troubles.

In difficult times, local residents performed rites of worship to higher powers - they put coins, eggs to the tree, tied a towel to the tree - a feast. Before chÿk it was obligatory to take a bath and put on clean clothes. After the meal, the participants of the ritual returned home, took the leftover food with them and always treated the infirm old people who could not come to chak. There is a belief that a tree, if touched, gives strength and health.

Different trees grow on both sides of the ravine: pine, cedar, larch. And now at this place you can collect a tasty and healthy crop of cedar cones.

Wandering through the local ravines, you admire the beauty of the landscape of your native places. You will notice more than once that here you can receive such a charge of energy and strength that you feel renewed, as if born again! These feelings cannot be described in words. We need to come to our area! Father was right when he said that these are “holy places”!

Not far from the village of Poyandaikino there is a place called "Siv çăl", the holy spring "Semyklyuchye".

"Siv çăl" - the holy spring "Semiklyuchye" is located at a distance of 1 km from the former village of Vyselka (now does not exist) in the Alikovsky district, 2 kilometers north-west of the village of Poyandaikino, on the watershed of the rivers B. Tsivil and Vyla on an altitude of approximately 190 m above sea level. It is the source of the Eskeden River, one of the large left tributaries of the Bolshoi Tsivil River. There are 7 key water sources close to each other. This area is still preserved among the people under the name “Çich çǎl – Siv çǎl” The source has its own legend, its own beauty. The people still preserved this area under the name "Chich çǎl - Siv çǎl". Late 19th and early 20th centuries. a wooden nunnery worked here. The nuns grew potatoes and lived there. After the October Revolution, the monastery was destroyed. In the twenties of the 20th century, several monks of the church decided to move closer to the holy springs. A monastery was built in the dense forest. A desert was formed with a small farm, a vegetable garden and arable land. In the 1930s, the persecution of the church began, many were arrested and sent to camps as “enemies of the people.” The hut of the monastery was transferred to the village of Turi Vyla, Alikovsky district. The hut has survived to this day. To date, near the springs on the hill, the Raskilda Church has erected a large wooden cross. An icon was found on the site of the monastery. Spring water Several decades ago, it was studied by specialists from the city of Cheboksary. According to the local historian Gury Konstantinovich Terentev, the water in local springs has great healing properties. Clinical studies were carried out as early as the 19th century. It was found that the exceptionally healing water contains a lot of iron and silver. The water in the spring is tasty, fresh, transparent, like crystal, miraculous. At the spring key, the soul rests from worries, protects peace. Now, near the springs on the hill, a wooden cross has been erected, an oak well and a bathhouse have been built. The holy spring is visited not only by residents of the region, but also by the entire republic. The water is tasty and ice cold even in the hottest weather. When visiting the holy spring, you can get tasty and healthy water

In one of the houses in the village, Anatoly Nikanorovich Poyandaev, local historian - researcher, Member of the Guild of artisans and masters of decorative and applied arts of the Chuvash Republic, full member of the Chuvash Folk Academy and Arts, head of the ChNANI genealogy section, head of the Shumerlinsk city branch of the ChNK, organized a museum. It cost him a lot of work and effort to collect the number of exhibits that opened up to the eyes of citizens who came on an excursion from the Shumerlinsky Complex Center for Social Services to the Population. Here are the ends of the canvases and hems of women's shirts of the early 20th century, a whole wardrobe of everyday and festive clothes, wedding and for seeing off to the army from the beginning of the 18th century, many household utensils: a hand mill, a spinning wheel, Russian and Chuvash butter churns, over 15 types of irons and kerosene lamps, and much, much more. There is also a whole photo chronicle dating back to 1910. The abundance of various exhibits, household items, tools, clothing, works of art, created by the members of the Poyandaev family with their own hands, is striking. The owner of the house-museum can tell in detail about the history of each thing, each exhibit that is stored in his house-museum.

We finish the route through the sights of the Yegorkinsky rural settlement in the village of Savaderkino, where there is a monument to the soldiers native of the village of Savaderkino, who fought heroically and defended our Motherland during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, 56 villagers did not return from the battlefields.

Conclusion

Travel will bring you the joy of communicating with open, kind people, help you find new friends and like-minded people, the beauty of nature will inspire you to creative work.

In our settlement there are attractions that will be of interest to guests. And many tourists would love to come to our area.

And yet everyone can discover something new or look at old places in a different way. Tasks set at the beginning of the design research work completed. The goal has been reached.

Come visit us for inspiration!

Sources used in the preparation of the tourist-excursion project:

1. Researcher and keeper of antiquity Anatoly Poyandaev. (From publications in the periodical press in 2006-2011). Shumerlya, 2012, -100 pp., with illustrations.

2. Personal archive of Ulisov V.N., honorary local historian of the Chechen Republic, full member of the Chuvash People's Academy and Arts, People's Academician of Chuvashia, head of the Shumerlinsky regional branch of the ChNK,

3. Personal archive of the history teacher MBOU "Egorkinskaya secondary school" Frolova S.G.

4. Nazarov Mikhail. Halakhra chanlakh pur-tar. Savapla is vyran Karmal.// "Malalla".

Estimate No. 1 of the excursion and tourist route

"Our ancient land"

per 1 person (group of at least 10 people, no more than 30 people),

route duration - 6 hours

adults (2 people accompanying the group) are served free of charge

Estimate No. 2 of the excursion and tourist route

"Our ancient land".

Volunteering for the improvement of the sights of the Yegorkinsky rural settlement.

per 1 person (group of at least 5 people, no more than 10 people),

The passport tourist-excursion route "Our ancient land".

1 . Name of the organization that developed the route: municipal educational institution"Egorkinskaya secondary school"

3. Name of the tourist route: "Our ancient land"

4. General information about route:

• type of tourism: pedestrian, transport
• type of trip: weekend hike
• duration (number of days): 1 day
• degree (category) of difficulty: easy
• length, 30.6 km (including the distance from the city of Shumerli to the end of the route)

Age of students: 14-16 years old

5. Hiking area: Chechnya, Shumerlinsky district

6. Detailed thread of the route: the city of Shumerlya - the village of Yegorkino - the village of Poyandaikino - the village of Savaderkino.

7. Options for entry and exit:

Entrance: no

Departure: no

8. emergency exits off route: no

by bus

excursion(from lat. excursio- walk, trip) - a collective visit to a museum, a place of interest, an exhibition, an enterprise, etc.; trip, walk for educational, scientific, sporting or recreational purposes. The display of objects takes place under the guidance of a qualified specialist - a guide, who conveys to the audience a vision of the object, an assessment memorial place, understanding historical event associated with this object. Excursions can be both independent activities and part of a complex of tourist services. (Wikipedia):

technological map of the excursion- a technological document that determines the logical sequence of sightseeing on the route. (from GOST R 50681-94.)

Tour operating - a type of tourism business for completing tours from the services offered by partner service provider organizations (transport companies, hotel companies, excursion, entertainment enterprises, etc.). However, in reality, tour operating is much broader and involves the provision of both basic (tour package) and additional services (consumed on the spot for cash) to tourists.

The development of tourism within the country, including domestic and inbound tourism, is impossible without the development of domestic tour operating. There are two models of tour operating on the market - proactive and receptive. Initiative tour operating is a tour operating on departure, receptive - on reception. In a general sense, both types of entrepreneurial activity in the tourism market are defined as the activities of tour operators, i.e. activity on a complete set of a tourist product. However, despite the general similarity of the activities of proactive and receptive tour operating, there are still significant differences.

Sending tourists abroad, the initiative tour operator forms its tourist product from the services of receptive tour operators at the reception in the countries of visit, transport, visa, insurance and some other services. The service infrastructure for its consumers is created by service providers.

The tourist product (tour) consists mainly of transportation, accommodation and entertainment. Aviation, maritime, railway, automobile companies, as well as hotels and other accommodation facilities work to produce a tourist product, museum and excursion business, places of mass entertainment, sports, resort organizations, etc. Manufacturers of a tourist product - tour operators (TO) sell their products both directly to the buyer and indirectly through travel agents (TA). (see diagram in Figure 1).

A tour operator is a travel company (organization) engaged in completing tours under contracts with service providers and in accordance with the needs of tourists. A tour operator is a travel package manufacturer. He is engaged in the development of tourist routes and a complete set of tours; ensures their functioning, organizes advertising, calculates prices for tours on these routes, sells tours directly to tourists or through the mediation of travel agencies. The tour operator provides tourists with a variety of choice of tourist services and at the same time simplifies ordering services in other cities and areas, taking on these functions.

The functions of a tour operator in the market can be compared with the activities of a wholesale trade enterprise: it purchases large volumes of services from hotels, transport and other tourism industry enterprises and combines its own tour programs from them, which it sells through travel agencies or directly to the consumer (tourist).

Figure 1 shows the formation of a tour (tour package) and its implementation.

The functions of the tour operator are:

1. Studying the needs of potential tourists for tours and tourist programs.

2. Drawing up promising service programs, tours and testing them on the market in order to identify compliance with the needs of tourists.

3. Interaction with service providers for tours on a contractual basis, with:

Hotels - to provide tourists with accommodation;

Catering enterprises - providing food to tourists;

Transport enterprises, firms and companies - to provide transport services for tourists;

Excursion companies, museums, exhibition halls, parks and other institutions - to provide tourists with excursion services;

Firms providing various household services - for the appropriate service to tourists;

The administration of sports facilities - for the opportunity for tourists to use sports facilities;

Managers of shows, cinema, video, theater enterprises - for tourists to visit them;

Directorates of reserves, reserves, landscape gardening, hunting and fishing farms - in order to provide tourists with recreation and services in such areas;

1.1 Tour content

As already said, " package of services"is one of the two components tour, which, in terms of its content, functional and quality properties, must satisfy the traveling tourist. The first component of the tour is tourist route, which plays a big role in giving it the necessary attractiveness, satisfying the dreams, wishes and interests of tourists.

Package of services- this is the second component of the tour, which, in terms of its content, functional and quality properties, should satisfy the traveling tourist. Service packages can have a variety of options depending on the quantity, functionality and quality of the services included in them. A typical package model is a complex that includes accommodation services, meetings and farewells, meals and excursions (see Fig. 2).

Rice. 2. Components of the service package.

Based on the interests of tourists, the availability of free time and financial opportunities, tour operators should present various tour options, for example:

Tours of various duration (7, 10, 14 and other number of days);

Tours with a different set of services (bed and breakfast, half board, full board, all inclusive);

Tours of various classes (accommodation in hotels of various classes);

- various options for excursions;

Tours at different times of the year (seasonal, off-season, off-season trips).

Technological documents of the tour are regulated by GOST R 50681-94.

In table. 1 gives the priorities of tourists depending on age.

The development of tours is a complex and time-consuming process, since many small things must be taken into account in the development process in order to ultimately develop and put into operation a competitive tour.

The tour development technology includes 18 main stages, including:

- tourist and excursion service program: days of service, list of topics of excursions, duration of excursions;

Map-scheme of the route;

Reference materials on the route.

If the tour operator does not have its own excursion department, then an agreement is made with tour company which includes the following items:

The name and duration of excursions, the method of transportation on them (bus, pedestrian, motor ship, etc.);

Prices for excursions;

The number of tourists in the group on each excursion

Liability for the disruption of the tour (the fault of the tour company or tour operator).

Agreement with the museum. The agreement with the museum includes:

Options for excursions and their topics;

The number of tourists in the group;

Prices for excursions (differentiated - for group and individual, by age, etc.);

Discounts for group visits to the museum;

Deadlines for submitting applications for excursions;

Cancellation deadlines;

Liability for the disruption of the museum tour through the fault of one of the partners, etc.

We should not forget about additional services, i.e. about those that are not included in the tour package. They are provided to tourists on site for an additional fee. These are usually specific excursions, shows, sea, mountain or river walks, visits to water parks, national parks and reserves, safaris in the mountains and deserts, hunting, fishing and much more. Separate agreements are drawn up with enterprises providing these services in order to provide tourists with them and receive preferential prices through the purchase of tickets for group visits.

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Formation of routes, tours, excursion programs, the provision of basic, additional and related services constitute the technology of tourist services, i.e. this is the formation of a specific tourist product to meet the need for a tourist service.

tourist route- geographically defined, tied to a given area and special objects and described with varying degrees of detail, the route of a hike, travel, movement.

A brief description of the tourist route or trip - sketches (illustrations, maps, diagrams, text descriptions of objects). Travel notes essence of the traveler short descriptions tourist itinerary or journey compiled during travel (or later) for own use as a keepsake or as a guide to action when repeating this route, or for other tourists and travelers who will follow the same route or visit these objects.

Tourist routes are classified according to various criteria.
Route types are:
thematic - with a predominance of excursion services and cognitive orientation;
hiking - routes with active modes of movement;
physical culture and health - with a predominance in the program of sports and health and fitness activities;
combined - routes that combine elements of all the listed routes.

According to seasonality, routes are divided into:
year-round (off-season);
seasonal - operating in a certain season (ski, water, mountain, etc.)

According to the structure of the route, the routes in relation to the geographical reference of the tour to the terrain are divided into:
linear - with a visit to one or more points (except for the initial one) located on the track.

The tourist route can be linear from the place of departure to the destination (stay in the tourist center), most often the tourist on arrival lives in one hotel, makes sightseeing and other trips within the given area. This route is convenient for tourists who do not like to pack and unpack their suitcases and backpacks every day, often moving from one hotel to another;
radial - (stationary) with a visit to one point on the route. It is possible to travel radially from the selected tourist center or accommodation with sightseeing purposes, including overnight stays in the visited settlements and objects with return back. At the same time, for the period of trips or excursions, places in the original tourist center remain with the tourists;
ring (crossing tours) - with the coincidence of the points of the beginning and end of the route and visiting several points on the route. Another option may be a circular route through a visited area or country, and the place of arrival in the country or area (conditionally an airport, station railway) can be (a) immutable, i.e. the journey through the country began and ended at the same point, and (b) different from the place of arrival in the locality or country. The latter option is typical for tours through the country, the so-called crossing tours.

There may be other options for organizing tours. Everything as a whole determines the procedure for booking the transportation of tourists along the tour route.
The duration of the routes are:
multi-day (14-30 days);
several days (1-3 days) - weekend routes;
several hours (excursions).

By type of transport on the route:
travel company's own transport;
rented (chartered) transport from other organizations;
personal transport of tourists.

Depending on the types of movement, there are:
hiking trails or walks. Usually the length of the route is from 2 - 6 or even up to 20-50 km;
routes with movement on animals (horses, dogs, deer). The equestrian tourist route is very popular. Participants can visit natural attractions that are difficult to access for technical vehicles;
railway tourist routes, in which tourists get acquainted with various places and regions during the trip, while they live in a compartment of comfortable carriages, eat in mobile restaurants. The main stages of movement are provided at night, and during the day tourists visit local attractions and objects provided by the program in tourist centers. Tours reach a duration of 14 days or more.
Water tourist routes. The most common - on boats of any kind, yachts or other small-sized water vessels and watercraft on a system of lakes or rivers. It can be rowing or motor boats, rafts, and the route will pass through completely deserted areas and even be categorized. Some tourists prefer river or sea travel on a comfortable liner - river and sea cruises.
Air transportation. The largest share is air transportation over long distances, including intercontinental ones across the oceans. It is with the creation of large high-speed and safe air liners for passenger traffic tourist flows between continents sharply intensified. For tourist traffic, both scheduled routes and charter lines are used. The role of local aviation is also high, many routes within countries with a large extent of territories provide for movement by aircraft.
Small aircraft also participate in tourist transportation, especially when delivering tourists to natural and other objects that are difficult to access for other means of transportation. The services of small aviation for sightseeing flights over the area of ​​the tourist center are widespread.
Combined transport. Many tourist trips involve the use of several different modes of transport on the tour. The main long distance transportation, unless it is a special tour, is most often carried out by air. Tourists seek to minimize the time of moving a long distance to a place of rest, and the plane is the most efficient means of transportation. The transportation stage is an auxiliary element of the tour.

Naturally, any combination of various options for tourist routes is possible.