Tourism as a kind of active recreation message. Modern tourism industry

Today, tourism as a active rest is gaining more and more popularity. Today's youth directs their feet towards a healthy lifestyle. Less and less common are teenagers who prefer to walk on a scooter or a bicycle to sit in the company with beer and cigarettes. It does not matter whose merit it is: the social promotion of health on our television or Western films, but the fact remains that it has become fashionable to be sporty and have a passion for a healthy lifestyle.

Even recreation is no longer associated with a trip to nature with barbecue and a decent amount of alcohol, but with outdoor sports or a trip to the sea not to lie on a sun lounger, but to see new places.

This is what attracts tourism as a form of active recreation, which allows you to combine travel, adventure and sports. First, we’ll immediately tell you about the disadvantages of this lesson for a modern girl who prefers comfort.

You can travel in different ways. There are tourist trips to foreign countries - foreign tourism. There is something similar inside the country: by boat from Perm to Astrakhan, or by boat from Krasnoyarsk to Dixon, or by train around the cities, or by plane for the weekend from Yekaterinburg to St. Petersburg, etc. These are not active journeys - they are made without the expenditure of physical strength and intellectual abilities.

The possibilities of organizing tourist trips in our country are practically unlimited. Russia has a huge territory stretching across two continents (Europe and Asia).

In these vast spaces, almost all natural and climatic zones are found, from the icy Arctic deserts to the subtropics of the Western Caucasus. The landforms of the country are diverse, contrasting: lowlands, uplands, plateaus, mountains of various heights.

Its shores are washed by 12 seas of three oceans. The number of our streams, rivers, rivers, lakes is in the millions. So exotic enough for everyone. For decades, tens of thousands of tourists have been hiking, but now and in the future, anyone who wants to find a route that no one has gone before.

Serious tourist trips are known both in the tundra, and in the desert, and in other fairly monotonous landscapes. But those trips attracted adult qualified tourists for their sportiness - the difficulty of overcoming difficult terrain that stretches endlessly.

Mountainous areas are more attractive for travelers. They focus on different natural objects: peaks, passes, ridges, cirques, glaciers, snowfields, lakes, rivers.

Everyone has their own idea of what it is big river», « high mountain”, “dense forest”, “endless steppe”. The more I saw rivers, mountains, forests and steppes, the more accurate these ideas. Not everyone correctly imagines what a glacier, kar, cave is. Explanations are of little help here. It is necessary to see these objects at least once, preferably in childhood.

Based on the foregoing, the essence of active tourist travel consists in the fact that travelers themselves choose goals - objects of nature that they would like to visit (see); they themselves lay a route that provides a rational overcoming of obstacles, the achievement of the chosen goals.

Modern active travel is a model of those research expeditions that discovered and studied the Earth. Tourists (especially children) also discover and explore new territories. It is better to see once than hear a hundred times. A person can see the taiga and the steppe, the desert and the tundra with his own eyes.

Only those who have traveled a lot in different parts have a correct idea of the size of their country, the Earth as a whole. For homebodies, airplanes and television, the post office and the telegraph have compressed the Earth to the size of a small ball on which their house stands. Everything else is somewhere far away, but within one day's journey.

Active routes are mainly determined by the following criteria, guided by two criteria: the area to be traveled must be accessible (the existing transport network must ensure that it can be reached quickly and reliably); the route should be short, interesting (varied) and fairly simple.

Active travel implies a close interaction of man with nature. Trees and bushes provide firewood. Food is cooked on a fire, a fire can turn into a fire. You can sail along the river in a boat or raft, but you have to be careful - you can drown in the river. Rain creates great inconvenience for tourists, but it feeds the rivers, waters the plants.

These and similar observations and impressions can form people's understanding of the dependence of people on nature, nature on people, the interconnection of natural phenomena, and make it possible to realize oneself as part of nature.

The activity of the journey is that the goal and the paths to it are determined and announced in advance (“declared” route). Failure to pass the route, its change means failure, failure of the trip, defeat of the team (tourist group). Of course, everything here is rather arbitrary, but such conventions are inherent in sports in general.

There are active tourism and a specific feature. The stubborn pursuit of a conditional goal in a campaign requires caution. Otherwise, another, no longer conditional, task may arise - how to return alive. Defeat here may mean not a conditional loss, but a tough, unconditional question: “How to get out, survive?”.

Active travel - long (days, weeks) - a complex event. It requires a lot of physical (strength, endurance, techniques) and intellectual (tactical tasks, techniques) efforts. You can't foresee everything. Adventure awaits along the way.

It is necessary to be able to carry out what was planned in a specific real situation. Of course, it will be possible to do this if it was possible to more or less accurately guess (foresee!) what awaits on the route, and if travelers have a reserve of opportunities to overcome surprises.

The so-called "wild" tourism adjoins active tourism. "Wild" tourists have a more or less pronounced intention to visit the area, to see certain objects.

But they do not have a specific route that they are required to go through. Formally, this is expressed in the fact that they did not "declared" the journey. Depending on the situation during the trip, "wild" tourists adjust their intentions, change the route. It is clear that there is no clear line between active and "wild" tourism.

Tourism is able to solve health problems with strict observance of the correct regime of movement around the area, with the implementation of preparatory hardening measures and with some knowledge of disease prevention. Tourism as a form of active recreation involves the implementation of any kind of travel.

It can be both a trip on various modes of transport, and a hike (and often both at the same time). When engaging in tourism, you can have a good rest, while changing the atmosphere and nature of the activity, admire beautiful natural landscapes along the way, get acquainted with various cultural and historical sights of various regions, communicate with other participants in the trip and people living in the visited settlements.

When carrying out such active recreation, it is important to know the features of dosing physical activity, take into account the requirements for catering and be able to choose the right clothes for traveling. active recreation recreational tourism

When doing tourism, adaptation to stress is much easier than when doing sports. Hiking mode is the best way to facilitate rapid adaptation to new conditions.

While moving around the area on foot, and even with an additional load in the form of a backpack, almost all the muscles of the human body get a pretty decent physical load. Therefore, with active movement in a hiking trip, it is necessary to periodically stop for rest and recuperation.

Despite the inevitable long-term physical activity during hiking, a properly organized hiking trip contributes to the formation of a cheerful mood and has a pronounced healing effect on a person’s health.

Such factors, however, are not an absolute contraindication to the implementation of such an active type of recreation as tourism, however, in the presence of deviations in the state of health, one should carefully consider in advance the possible burden on the participants of the trip.

For example, with active movement over rough terrain, it is necessary to calculate the load on each participant in such a way as to prevent the development of overwork and prevent a decrease in concentration.

Long-term absence of stops for rest during a hike is fraught with the development of a state of fatigue in a person, while the tourist becomes more susceptible to injuries and is much less able to act adequately in possible emergency situations.

Thus, tourism is a public active type of recreation, but it requires both physical and psychological readiness of a person to endure physical exertion during travel.

Tourism is usually divided into two types:

recreational tourism - a classic type of tourism, including "health" ("beach", "holiday") and educational (excursion);
sports tourism, which is based on competitions on routes that include overcoming categorized obstacles in the natural environment (passes, peaks, rapids, canyons, caves, etc.), and on distances laid in the natural environment and on artificial terrain.

Sports tourism in Russia is a national sport with a long tradition. It includes not only the sports component, but also a special spiritual sphere, and the way of life of the wanderers themselves.

Non-commercial tourist clubs are still the centers for the development of sports tourism, although many tourists do it on their own. The sport "Sports tourism" is included in the All-Russian register of sports:

business tourism;
astronomical tourism;
business tourism;
congress tourism;
shopping tourism;
extreme tourism;
industrial tourism;
archaeological tourism;
gastronomic tourism;
military tourism.

Each of these types of tourism can be divided into more specialized subspecies.

Cons of hiking

That little piece of vacation that you got for your work, I want to spend it properly. Lie on the beach, drink cocktails, take pictures in an interesting place and get a good dose of positive emotions and memories. Hiking is an interesting activity, but you will have to forget about comfort for a while.

This is the first and main disadvantage of tourism as a form of active recreation. Wherever you go with a tourist group, you will have to sleep in a tent, there will be no opportunity to wash your hair or do hair removal, you will be in unusual conditions where there will not always be access to water.

You need to be mentally prepared for this, especially if you are so used to comfort that you cannot imagine a morning without a hot shower and coffee with a croissant.

The second disadvantage is the dependence on the group, namely on the people with whom you go hiking. It's good if you go with a loved one or a friend with whom you can stick together. But even if you feel someone's support, you still have to live according to the laws of a tourist group for several days.

This means eating together with everyone, moving exactly on the planned route, and even resting only at the allotted time. Also, you will have to carry all your belongings and groceries in a backpack.

In addition to the food cargo, you will also have another, no less heavy burden - a responsibility due to which you will not be able to stop once again to take a break or be squeamish due to fatigue. But in fact, any girl is no worse than a man to cope with mastering tourist holiday.

Positive aspects of tourism

Finally, let's talk about the advantages of tourism. In the campaign, you will not only improve your sports training, but also lose a couple of extra pounds. You will see a lot of interesting things and visit places where nature will show you all its splendor. You will discover active recreation, sacrificing comfort for the beauty of the natural world.

Communication in a tourist group will also be beneficial - usually active and interesting people go on hikes, with whom there is always something to talk about. These are new experiences and beautiful views, and basic survival skills wild nature- who knows whether they will be useful to you or not, but knowledge in any case will not hurt. By the way, beautiful pictures you are also guaranteed - after all, there is always interesting places and beautiful views.

We hope you enjoy tourism as an active recreation. For a change, this is a great vacation option that will bring something new to your life and possibly become your new hobby.

Tourism as an active recreation

He is able to solve health problems with strict observance of the correct mode of movement around the area, when performing preparatory hardening measures and with some knowledge of disease prevention. Tourism as a form of active recreation involves the implementation of any kind of travel. It can be both a trip on various modes of transport, and a hike (and often both at the same time). When engaging in tourism, you can have a good rest, while changing the atmosphere and nature of the activity, admire beautiful natural landscapes on the way, get acquainted with various cultural and historical sights of various regions, communicate with other participants in the trip and people living in the visited settlements. When carrying out such active recreation, it is important to know the features of dosing physical activity, take into account the requirements for catering and be able to choose the right clothes that are comfortable for traveling.

When doing tourism, adaptation to stress is much easier than when doing sports. Hiking mode is the best way to facilitate rapid adaptation to new conditions. While moving around the area on foot, and even with an additional load in the form of a backpack, almost all the muscles of the human body get a pretty decent physical load. Therefore, with active movement in a hiking trip, it is necessary to periodically stop for rest and recuperation.

However, with some omissions during tourism, not entirely desirable effects on the body are possible. For example, in case of insufficient physical training of tourists, overwork and exhaustion of forces may develop. Such consequences can also be caused by the presence of any chronic diseases that do not manifest themselves in the absence of physical activity in everyday life, but immediately make themselves felt in field conditions. Such factors, however, are not an absolute contraindication to the implementation of such an active type of recreation as tourism, however, in the presence of deviations in the state of health, one should carefully consider in advance the possible burden on the participants of the trip. For example, with active movement over rough terrain, it is necessary to calculate the load on each participant in such a way as to prevent the development of overwork and prevent a decrease in concentration. Long-term absence of stops for rest during a hike is fraught with the development of a state of fatigue in a person, while the tourist becomes more susceptible to injuries and is much less able to act adequately in possible emergency situations.

Thus, tourism is a public active type of recreation, but it requires both physical and psychological readiness of a person to endure physical exertion during travel.

In our time, scientific and technological progress has affected almost all spheres of human life, depriving a person of physical activity. As a result, there are health and emotional problems. Since the population of the earth devotes a significant part of their lives to recreation, when choosing the type of recreation, people take care not only that the new trip is rich and interesting, but also that it brings health benefits. In this case, part of the population, tired of a sedentary lifestyle, chooses active tourism in order to spend time with benefits for the body. Active tourism in Russia is developing very intensively.

The object of the research is the theoretical aspects of active tourism. The subject of the research is active tourism and its types.

The tasks set in this article:

Identify differences between similar concepts;

Divide active tourism into types;

Make a conclusion about the importance of active tourism.

Before moving on to the concept of "active tourism", it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the definition of the concept of "tourism".

Tourism - temporary departures (travels) of people to another country or locality other than the place of permanent residence for medical, recreational, educational, fitness, professional, business, religious and other purposes without engaging in activities related to generating income from sources in the country (place) of temporary stay.

A person who wants to change the situation, improve his health, learn something new about the culture, life, traditions of other countries, is called a tourist. Thanks to tourists, there is a whole tourism industry.

Active tourism provides for the types of recreation and travel, entertainment, sports ( hiking, rock climbing, sports games, rafting on turbulent rivers, underwater tourism, safaris, etc.), requiring significant physical exertion.

Often between the concepts of active recreation and active tourism, various travel companies they put an equal sign, but these concepts are completely different: for example, if someone paddles for a day for pleasure, this is an active holiday, and if in order to swim to a hard-to-reach attraction, this is active tourism.

The same situation occurs with the concept of sports tourism, which is also often equated with the concept of active tourism. However, there are the following differences between them: sports tourism involves very significant physical activity, which only trained athletes can do, and most active tours are designed in such a way that the most ordinary person can cope with the proposed physical activity; sports tours focused on harsh conditions and "overcoming the elements" in contrast to active tourism, which presupposes the presence of comfortable conditions of stay.

Active tourism is not just a type of travel, it includes various tours, such as adventure tours:

Visiting volcanoes, exotic places, waterfalls, islands, etc. These are usually non-standard tours to exotic and environmentally friendly natural reservations that are associated with unusual travels, non-traditional means of transportation.

Safari, fishing, hunting, photo hunting, trips on motorized sledges and all-terrain vehicles in winter or in jeeps through difficult and hard-to-reach areas.

Tours to disaster sites (earthquakes, floods, volcanic eruptions, man-made disasters, such as viewing the Chernobyl nuclear power plant from a helicopter) and extreme situations, such as contemplation of an execution, public executions, etc. Adventure tour insurance can cost much more.

Active tourism can be conditionally divided into summer, winter and other types of tourism.

1. Summer tourism can be: on the surface (land), water, in the sky.

on the surface (on land):

Cycling tourism

Pedestrian tourism (trekking) - a type of sports tourism;

Speleotourism is the visit and study of caves by travelers;

Mountaineering;

Rock climbing.

Water tourism is one of the types of sports tourism, which consists in overcoming the route along the water surface on various swimming facilities: catamarans, kayaks, rafts, canoes. There are several types of water tourism:

rafting on the rivers,

sailing tourism,

Sea kayaking is travel on lakes, seas, oceans, flat rivers and reservoirs, using a rowing boat;

Rafting - the passage of stormy, mountain rivers with elements of obstacles (rapids, waterfalls) on specially designed swimming facilities - rafts, catamarans;

Windsurfing - riding on an oval carbon fiber board with a rough surface for stability and with stabilizer fins on the lower plane, and a small sail that is attached to the board;

Surfing is riding the waves only without a sail. Actually surfing is the progenitor of windsurfing;

Water skiing is a sport where the athlete is towed motor boat and is kept on the surface on one or two water skis;

Kiting - kite used for towing a person on water or land using surf equipment, skis and snowboards;

Diving is underwater diving with special apparatus that provides the swimmer with breathing;

Hang gliding - flying on an apparatus with the help of legs;

Paragliding is paragliding;

Skydiving;

Hot air balloon travel;

Flights on sports planes.

2. Winter tourism:

ski tourism;

Skiing;

Telemark (free heel) - skiing, using a specific turn due to the free heel and the knee tucked inward with each turn;

Snowboarding is a descent along the snowy mountain slopes on a specially equipped board. He is more active, aggressive and extreme view than skiing;

Skitour - mountain tourism using skis and special mounts for climbing uphill (ski mountaineering);

Snowmobile travel;

Traveling in dog sleds.

3. Other types of tourism:

Sports tourism is a sport based on competitions on routes that include overcoming categorized obstacles in the natural environment (passes, peaks (in mountain tourism), rapids (in water tourism), canyons, caves, etc.);

Sports (active) tourism - a type of active recreation; active and targeted types of physical training and exercise, training, such as swimming, running, cycling, etc .;

Mountain tourism - a type of tourism, which consists in the movement of a group of people with the help of muscular strength along a certain route, laid in a mountainous area in high mountains;

Equestrian tourism is a form of active recreation, a type of sports tourism. Travel on horseback, which has a healing effect on travelers, providing an active load on all skeletal muscles;

Automobile tourism is a popular type of recreation, travel using road transport along the main part of the route;

Adventure tourism is a type of tourism associated with the organization of non-standard tours to unexpected, exotic and ecologically clean corners of nature, as well as to nature reserves, using unusual and non-traditional means of transportation around the area. Adventure tourism includes hiking expeditions, safari tours (hunting, fishing, photography, etc.), circumnavigation(yachting);

Extreme tourism is one of the types of tourist recreation, to some extent associated with risk;

Military tourism involves sightseeing flights on combat military aircraft and helicopters, tank tours as part of the crew, one-day live firing at military ranges, etc.;

Combined tours. In the classic version, such trips are a group excursion program with a visit different cities one state and the subsequent rest on the coast, originated in Europe. However, with regard to outdoor activities and adventures in the vastness of Russia combined tours represent a combination of hiking and water travel, equestrian and water activities, etc.

Combined tours are the most common option for outdoor activities today. They allow you to combine two or more different areas of active tourism in the shortest possible time.

Consumers of active tourism are, as a rule, quite young people. If earlier more than half of the clients were aged 35-45, now there are no more than 20% of people of this age, and the bulk are 18-34-year-olds (54%).

Thus, tourism contributes to the improvement of the body, education of curiosity, strong-willed qualities. Camping life develops observation, intelligence, courage, determination, independence.

In conclusion, it should be noted that active types of tourism are not suitable for everyone who wants to go on this kind of tour. This may be due to the physical or psychological state of the person, which will not allow him to participate in a dynamic, non-standard, and sometimes extreme journey. For such people, there are passive types of tourism, which are focused on a more relaxed and less strenuous program of a tour or tourist trip in terms of physical activity. They are designed for people who are more inclined to a measured rest, cognitive tours that require a less intense cycle of movement and physical activity. These are holidays at a seaside, mountain resort, hydropathic, health tours, tours for treatment, tours for families with children, older tourists and pensioners.

Tourism, as a form of active recreation, is becoming increasingly popular in modern conditions. People who spend 9-10 hours a day in offices and offices 5-6 days a week, and after work they see only TV and a bed, prefer to spend time differently at least during their holidays. At the same time, a trip with tents for any number of days today is not associated with restrictions and problems, because the quality of tourist equipment allows everyone to equip their trip as comfortably as possible.

PharmaMir store can become a good assistant in the collection of every traveler. A large selection and variety of products designed for outdoor activities and travel can satisfy the needs and wishes of even the most significant professionals in the field of tourism. Equipment, tourist tents, sleeping bags, utensils for hiking, camping furniture, as well as lamps, lanterns and even heaters - this is far from full list what a modern tourist can take with him on a trip.
It is better to purchase any equipment for a hike in specialized stores. This is especially true for those tourists who are going to rest actively for the first time. Experienced consultants can advise what goods will be needed on the trip, and what will become just an extra burden on the way. When buying travel equipment, you need to constantly remember that you will have to carry all things on yourself, so the need for each thing should be considered carefully and from all sides.

Travel backpacks in the PharmaMir store are located separately from all goods and occupy a special niche, since this is a significant thing for every tourist. Half the success of the whole event depends on the size, lightness and convenience of the backpack. The backpack should be not only roomy, but also comfortable for the body, because it should be carried on the back. Soft but strong straps, high-quality tailoring, water resistance, reliable fasteners and locks - this is far from complete list characteristics that a good travel backpack should have.

Similar requirements apply to almost all things and accessories that must be taken with you on a camping trip. No matter how many days the trip lasts, all situations and possible needs during it must be thought out with the utmost care. In order for active rest to bring only positive emotions and good memories, preparation for it should last as much, if not more than the trip itself.
And in order to reduce the amount of time spent on choosing hiking equipment and not be nervous about the need for this or that thing, it is better to seek help from professionals who will not only tell you what you need or not need during the trip, but also help you choose the right types and brands of goods for recreation.