There are 11 large cities on the banks of the Volga. Volga River - cruises and shipping, hydroelectric power plants and main features

Posted Sun, 15/01/2017 - 08:41 by Cap

Volga. It is difficult to find another such toponym that would be so strongly associated with Russia. Russian megacities and small cozy towns have found a place for themselves on the banks of this amazing river. Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara, Astrakhan, Volgograd - these are the main places you can visit during a cruise on the Volga.

Hundreds of large and small towns are combined along the banks of the Volga into one region - the Volga region. The Volga region today has every chance of becoming iconic place on the tourist map Russia. Even now, a cruise on the Volga is an exceptionally popular tourist service for those wishing to admire the beauties of the Volga.

A mixture of cultures, peoples, religions and different traditions! The beautiful Kremlin, churches and monasteries interspersed with mosques and minarets. The old corners of this ancient city are preserved.

The city attracts many visitors and tourists.

The Kazan Kremlin is one of the objects world heritage UNESCO.

The city has a registered brand "the third capital of Russia". Unofficially and semi-officially, it is called the "capital of Russian federalism" and "the capital of all the Tatars of the world."

In 2005, the millennium of Kazan was celebrated.

The length of the city from north to south is 29 km, from west to east - 31 km. The city in the western, central and southwestern parts overlooks the Volga River for about 15 km. In Kazan, there is one bridge across the Volga - at the extreme western border of the city.

The Kazanka River flows from northeast to west through the middle of the city and divides Kazan into two parts comparable in territory - the historical one to the south of the river and the newer beyond the river to the north. The two parts of the city are connected by five dams and bridges, as well as a subway line.

The relief of the city is flat and hilly.

In the central part of the city there are low-lying plains Zabulache, Predkabanye, Zakabanye, the elevated plain Arskoye Pole and separate hills stand out - the Kremlin (Kremlin-University), Marusovsky, Fedoseevsky, First and Second Mountains, Ametyevo, Novo-Tatarskaya Sloboda, etc. In the direction of southeast and east, the territory of the city as a whole gradually rises, and large residential areas of Gorki, Azino, as well as Nagorny, Derbyshki are located at isoheights of 20-40 meters and higher than part of the historical center, southwestern regions and Zarechye. Zilantova Gora stands out in the District, as well as hills of settlements in the north of the city. In different places there are ravines and similar local elongated depressions in the terrain.

The territory of the city is characterized by a very significant proportion of water surfaces. A strip of part of the Volga water area more than 2 km wide (along the western border of the city), as well as a predominantly shallow end and a new mouth of the Kazanka River about 1.5 km wide (completely inside the city) were formed when the Kuibyshev reservoir appeared in the middle of the 20th century instead of many times more narrow natural widths of rivers.

Kazan is one of the largest cultural centers in Russia, preserving classical achievements, and also contributing to the development of modern, avant-garde trends in many areas of culture. The capital of Tatarstan is traditionally called "multicultural", meaning the mutually beneficial enrichment of the peacefully coexisting Russian and Tatar cultures. With the support of UNESCO, the world's first Institute for the Culture of Peace was established in Kazan.

SHAMIL'S HOUSE - GABDULLA TUKAY MUSEUM

Kazan annually hosts international festivals of opera Shalyapinsky, ballet Nurievsky, classical music Rachmaninovsky, opera open air "Kazan Autumn", modern music "Concordia", folk and rock music "Creation of the World", literary "Aksyonov-Fest", Muslim cinema "Golden Minbar" (since 2010 - Kazan International Muslim Film Festival), role playing"Zilantkon", numerous festivals and competitions of the federal and republican levels. The only Kazan film studio in the Volga region operates in the city.

Starting from the 9th century, there was a gradual peaceful colonial movement of the Slavs along the upper Volga to the lands inhabited by the Finno-Ugric peoples. By the end of the 11th century, Russia owned the entire upper Volga almost to the mouth of the Oka. The borders of the Volga Bulgaria began a little lower, and the right bank of the Volga up to the mouth of the Sura was inhabited by the Erzya. At the same time, Gorodets was the “last” Slavic city on the Volga until 1221.

In 1221, Prince Georgy Vsevolodovich, at the confluence of the Volga and Oka, founded a stronghold for the defense of the borders of the Vladimir Principality from the Moksha, Erzi, Mari and Volga Bulgars under the name Novgorod of the Nizovsky Land (the Novgorodians called the Nizov Land of Vladimir Principality) - later this name was transformed into Nizhny Novgorod , and remained in the imperial title until 1917.

NIZHNY NOVGOROD KREMLIN - MILITARY EXHIBITION

The city has more than 600 unique historical, architectural and cultural monuments. The main one is the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin. Until 2010, Nizhny Novgorod had the status of a historical settlement, however, by Order of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation dated July 29, 2010 N 418/339, the city was deprived of this status.

In total, there are about two hundred cultural institutions of regional and municipal significance in Nizhny Novgorod. Among these institutions are 13 theatres, 5 concert halls, 97 libraries, 17 cinemas, 25 children's clubs, 8 museums, a digital Nizhny Novgorod planetarium, 8 enterprises that ensure the functioning of parks.

There are three academic theaters in Nizhny Novgorod (drama, opera and ballet named after A. S. Pushkin and a puppet theater), theaters of comedy, a young spectator, etc.

There are 3 regional and 92 public municipal libraries in Nizhny Novgorod. There are also libraries at organizations educational institutions and businesses in the city.

NIZHNY NOVGOROD KREMLIN - VIEW FROM THE VOLGA

One of the largest is the Nizhny Novgorod State Regional Universal Scientific Library. V. I. Lenin, opened in 1861. A legal information center has been established on its basis.

On the territory of the city there is a museum of A. M. Gorky, which includes the Literary Museum; the scene of the autobiographical story "Childhood" Kashirin's House; a museum-apartment in which work was carried out on several works of the writer. The city also houses the only museum in Russia of N. A. Dobrolyubov in the former tenement house of the Dobrolyubov family, as well as a house-museum in the wing of the Dobrolyubov estate, where the critic spent his childhood and youth; Museum of A. S. Pushkin; museum-apartment of A. D. Sakharov, Russian Museum of Photography.

A rare cruise along the Volga is not complete without a visit to the South Russian river port in Astrakhan. Astrakhan is a famous city in the south of Russia, one of the largest and interesting places on the Volga.

Astrakhan is a city in Russia, the administrative center of the Astrakhan region, 1500 km southeast of Moscow. The city is located on 11 islands of the Caspian lowland, in the upper part of the Volga delta.

There are about 38 bridges in the city. The main part of the city is located on the left bank of the Volga, about 20% of the city's inhabitants live on the right bank.

Both parts of the city are connected by two bridges across the Volga.

The total area of the city is about 500 km². The length of the city along the Volga is 45 km. On two coasts it is over 45 km. The city is divided into 4 administrative districts; in the future, due to the large area of its districts, comparable to the Moscow districts, it is planned to be divided into 7 administrative districts. Astrakhan is assigned to the same time zone as Moscow, although the local real time ahead of Moscow by 42 minutes. The flight time to Moscow is a little over 2 hours, up to 7 flights fly daily, the train to Moscow takes from 27.5 hours (No. 85/86 Makhachkala-Moscow) and more (including fast branded train No. 5 "Lotos"), transit trains to Baku also run.

Up to 5 trains leave Moscow for Astrakhan daily. By bus from Astrakhan to Moscow can be reached in about 24 hours. Traveling along the Volga by boat takes 8 days to Moscow (with stops in the cities). Astrakhan has 21 large and small ports, 15 shipbuilding and ship repair yards.

the building of the former Azov-Don Bank, and now the building of the State Bank of Russia for the Astrakhan Region, 1910, architect Fyodor Ivanovich Lidval

Gubin's mansion, late 19th century;

the hipped tower of the fence of the Transfiguration Monastery (beginning of the 18th century) with inserts of polychrome tiles;

Demidov Compound (XVII-XVIII centuries); Church of St. John Chrysostom (1763; “octagon on a quadrangle” with rich sculptural decoration; rebuilt in the 19th century);

cathedral of st. Vladimir, 1895-1904 (in Soviet times, the building housed a bus station, in 1999 the temple was transferred to the Orthodox Church);

house of the Astrakhan Cossack army, 1906 (architect V. B. Valkovsky); cinema "October" with a unique winter garden-arboretum;

Indian trading compound; wooden houses in the "Russian" or "Ropetov" style;

Regional Scientific Library named after N. K. Krupskaya;

Swan Lake in the city center;

White Mosque; Black Mosque; Red Mosque; Persian mosque;

Monument to the Turkmen poet Magtymguly Fragi Monument to Kurmangazy

Illuminated tower of the Astrakhan television center

On the right bank of the Volga between Kostroma and Kineshma, a small town nestled - Plyos. He knew the days of the highest rise of his fame - and experienced the streaks of complete oblivion.
Plyos was known not only here, but also in the West. It was the time (80-90s) when Plyos accidentally entered the history of art and became, as it were, the spokesman for the sentiments of a part of the Russian intelligentsia. This, however, will be discussed in more detail below.
Plyos, first of all, is beautiful. The beauty of Plyos is special, original and multifaceted. The stretch is beautiful as a whole, like an amazing panorama, beautiful in every detail, in every bend, in every nook and cranny. Walking through the hills of the city, you come across new and new effects that amaze and enchant you.

Almost four and a half centuries ago, the son of Ivan the Terrible, Tsar Fedor Ioannovich, decided to protect himself from foreign surprises of a military format and began to build up the Volga with fortress cities. This is how Samara and Tsaritsyn (Volgograd) appeared. And in 1590 between these two cities, Saratov was erected by the princely hand of Grigory Zasekin.

This city received many harsh lessons - it burned down several times, it was rebuilt, it was ruined by Pugachev, it was plundered by Kalmyks and Kubans ... It was tested by the devil's power Russian history, which was rarely merciful to its latitudes.

But the times of aggression and chaos died down. Legality was strengthened, the city began to rebuild. Schools, hospitals, printing houses, theatres, cathedrals, offices - Saratov was filled with its infrastructure, philosophy, great geniuses. The merchant center of the Volga region developed rapidly, carving many victories on the massive plates of personal biography. And now the emotional outcry in Griboedov's play has ceased to have any basis. in which the thirst for activity boils like hot lead. Here is one of top universities of a country that offers innovative education, and at the same time, carefully preserves its research heritage. In total, there are more than a dozen higher educational institutions in the city.

The streets of the central part of the city enthusiastically represent all the diversity of architectural styles and forms of old Russia. From 17th century cathedrals to neo-Gothic and Art Nouveau. From the Stalinist baroque to the configurations of modern fantasies. Hidden behind the windows of every house Mystic stories about time and fate, so often changing the real course of things.

Museum spheres absorb real masterpieces of art. There is always a chance to admire the finest work of French masters on Sèvres porcelain of the 18th century. The best collection of paintings and drawings in the country by A.P. Bogolyubova has long attracted lovers of fine art. As well as the works of world-famous masters: V.E. Borisov-Musatov, P.N. Kuznetsova, K.S. Petrov-Vodkin.

You can talk about the natural beauty of the Saratov region for a very long time. But only by feeling its invisible atmosphere of peace, you can fully indulge in spiritual rest. Saratov.

Upper Volga (from the source to the mouth of the Oka) - Tver, Moscow, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ivanovo and Nizhny Novgorod regions;

Middle Volga (from the right tributary of the Sura to southern edge Samara Luka) - Chuvashia, Mari El, Tatarstan, Ulyanovsk and Samara regions;

The Lower Volga (from the confluence of the Kama [officially, but not hydrologically] to the Caspian Sea) - the Republic of Tatarstan, Ulyanovsk, Samara, Saratov, Volgograd regions, the Republic of Kalmykia and the Astrakhan region.

After the construction of the Kuibyshev reservoir, the boundary between the middle and lower Volga is usually considered to be the Zhigulevskaya HPP upstream of Samara.

Attractions

Almost all regional and capital cities located on the Volga are large centers educational tourism: Kostroma with the magnificent Ipatiev Monastery; rapidly developing Nizhny Novgorod with a complex of buildings of the medieval Kremlin, with a unique monument to Valery Chkalov and a permanent exhibition of Russian weapons produced during the war years; the capital of Chuvashia, Cheboksary, where everyone will be shown a monument and a house-museum to the legendary V. I. Chapaev; ancient Kazan, the capital of now sovereign Tataria; the birthplace of the organizer-inspirer of the October Revolution, V. I. Lenin, is the city of Ulyanovsk, where the largest memorial and museum complex still operates.

Tourists will also remember the magnificent embankments of Samara, the longest pedestrian street in Russia in Saratov, and the well-preserved Astrakhan Kremlin. It is impossible to walk past the majestic monument to the Motherland on Sapun Gora in the hero city of Volgograd without heart trepidation.

There are many places in the Volga region associated with the names of I. A. Goncharov, N. G. Chernyshevsky, A. M. Gorky, I. I. Shishkin, A. D. Sakharov and other prominent people of the Russian state.

Geographic Information

Volga basin

The Volga originates on the Valdai Upland (at an altitude of 228 m), flows into the Caspian Sea. The mouth lies 28 m below sea level. The total fall is 256 m. The Volga is the world's largest river of internal flow, that is, it does not flow into the oceans.

The river system of the Volga basin includes 151 thousand watercourses with a total length of 574 thousand km. The Volga receives about 200 tributaries. The left tributaries are more numerous and more abundant than the right ones. There are no significant tributaries after Kamyshin.

The Volga basin occupies about 1/3 of the European territory of Russia and extends from the Valdai and Central Russian Uplands in the west to the Urals in the east. The main feeding part of the Volga drainage area, from the source to the cities of Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan, is located in the forest zone, the middle part of the basin to the cities of Samara and Saratov is in the forest-steppe zone, the lower part is in the steppe zone to Volgograd, and to the south - in the semi-desert zone . It is customary to divide the Volga into 3 parts: the upper Volga - from the source to the mouth of the Oka, the middle Volga - from the confluence of the Oka to the mouth of the Kama, and the lower Volga - from the confluence of the Kama to the mouth.

The source of the Volga is the key near the village of Volgoverkhovye in the Tver region. In the upper reaches, within the Valdai Upland, the Volga passes through small lakes - Small and Big Verkhity, then through a system of large lakes known as the Upper Volga lakes: Sterzh, Vselug, Peno and Volgo, united in the so-called Upper Volga reservoir.

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In vast Russia, many cities are adjacent to rivers. Some cover several settlements, others wrap around most of the country, passing through cities, villages and villages. Consider the largest and most famous rivers with cities that are located on their coasts.

Cities on the Volga

(Nizhny Novgorod)

Volga - a river in the European part of the Russian Federation, is one of the largest rivers on Earth and the longest in Europe. The Volga flows through Russia, but a small section (the river delta) also covers our neighbors in Kazakhstan. The source is the village of Verkhovye in the Tver region, and the mouth is the Caspian Sea.

Its length is 3530 kilometers, and the total basin area is 1,360,000 km². In its course, the Volga covers as many as four million-plus cities: Samara, Volgograd, Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan.

In addition to them, there are more than 60 cities on the coast of a large river. Here are the largest of them: Astrakhan, Balakovo, Volzhsk, Dimitrovgrad, Dubna, Kimry, Kstovo, Kostroma, Novocheboksarsk, Rzhev, Saratov, Syzran, Tver, Tolyatti, Uglich, Ulyanovsk, Cheboksary, Engels and Yaroslavl.

The Volga encircles many regions, for example, it flows through the territory of the Volgograd, Astrakhan, Ulyanovsk, Saratov, Tver, Samara, Kostroma, Nizhny Novgorod, Ivanovo regions. Also found in the Republic of Tatarstan and Chuvash.

Cities on the Oka

(Murom)

Oka is a river in Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. The Oka extends for 1,500 kilometers and has a total basin area of 245,000 km². Originates in Oryol region in the village of Alexandrovka, and ends up in Nizhny Novgorod, merging with the powerful and majestic sister Volga.

The Oka flows through the Kaluga, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, Oryol, Vladimir and Tula regions. The largest cities located on the banks of the river are Serpukhov, Kaluga, Aleksin, Kashira, Ryazan, Kolomna, Stupino, Dzerzhinsk, Pavlovo, Murom and Kasimov. In total, there are 19 settlements on the banks of the Oka. It captures the Oka and the city with a population of over one million people - Nizhny Novgorod.

Cities on the Kama

(Permian)

The Kama River is the largest left tributary of the Volga. Its length is 1805 kilometers, and the total basin area is 507,000 km². The Kama originates in the Verkhnekamsk Upland in the Udmurt Republic, and ends in the Kuibyshev reservoir, adjacent to the Volga.

There are 22 cities on the coastal strip of the river. The largest of them are Naberezhnye Chelny, Berezniki and Chaikovsky, Perm, Krasnokamsk, Nizhnekamsk, Neftekamsk, Solikamsk, Chistopol.

The most densely populated cities that settled on the banks of the river are Naberezhnye Chelny, where more than 520 thousand people live, and Perm, which has a population of over one million inhabitants.

Cities on the Northern Dvina

(Novodvinsk)

The Northern Dvina is a large navigable river located in the Russian Federation. Its source is the junction of two rivers: the Yug and the Sukhona in the Vologda region, and the mouth is the Dvina Bay, which belongs to the White Sea.

The length of the Northern Dvina is 744 kilometers, the basin area is 357,000 km².

The Northern Dvina boasts a number of tributaries (it has more than 50), but the list of cities is not as large as that of the Volga or the Oka. On its coast are located: Veliky Ustyug, Kotlas, Arkhangelsk, Krasavino, Novodvinsk and Severodvinsk.

The most remarkable city is Veliky Ustyug. The population of the city is small - 31 thousand people, but almost every Russian knows this place as the homeland of Father Frost. Children write letters here with wishes for New Year's gifts, and adults come here to catch the fabulous mood.

And most major city on the Northern Dvina is Arkhangelsk, where more than 350 thousand inhabitants live.

Don River and Rostov-on-Don

The Don River is located in the European part of the Russian Federation, its length is 1870 kilometers, the basin area is 422,000 km². The river starts in the northern part Central Russian Upland, and ends in Azov in the Taganrog Bay.

Don covers two large cities - Rostov-on-Don and Voronezh. Each of them has a population of over one million people. Also, along the territory of its flow, the river affects the Tula, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Ryazan and Rostov regions.

Rostov-on-Don is the tenth most populous city in Russia, with about 1 million and 120 thousand people living on its territory.

Rostov-on-Don itself is the largest cultural, scientific, educational and industrial center in Russia. It is also the most important transport hub in the southern zone of the country. The unofficial name that has taken root in the city sounds like "Rostov-Papa", although many locals call their Motherland "Gates of the Caucasus".

Neva and St. Petersburg

(St. Petersburg)

Neva - a river covering the Leningrad region, northern capital Russia and connecting Lake Ladoga with the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland. The length of the Neva is only 74 kilometers, and the total basin area is 281,000 km². The geographical position makes it unique, only this river flows from a huge Lake Ladoga, which has at least 40 tributaries from large rivers and streams.

On the coastal zone of the Neva, cities are comfortably located Leningrad region: St. Petersburg, Shlisselburg, Otradnoe and Kirovsk, and next to them huddle several dozen more settlements, like towns and villages.

St. Petersburg, girded by the Neva, is the second city in Russia in terms of population and the first city in Europe with more than 5 million inhabitants, while not being the capital. On the this moment the city on the Neva is the most important scientific, cultural and economic element in the country, and is also considered one of the most romantic corners of our vast Motherland.

Moscow river and Moscow

(Moscow)

The Moscow River is an average river in the Central part of the Russian Federation, flowing mainly in the Moscow region, although a small part of it also captures the Smolensk region. The length is 502 kilometers, and the basin area is 17,600 km². The source is the Smolensk-Moscow Upland, and the city of Kolomna becomes the mouth, where the Moscow River flows into the Oka.

The following cities are located on the river bank: Mozhaisk, Krasnogorsk, Zvenigorod, Lytkarino, Kolomna, Voskresensk, Zhukovsky, Bronnitsy, Dzerzhinsky and, of course, the capital of Russia itself, Moscow.

Today, Moscow has a population of more than 12 million people, which makes it one of the top ten most major cities in the world and lead in a similar list on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Moscow was historical capital over the years, starting with the Grand Duchy of Moscow and ending with the modern Russian Federation. Now Moscow plays a crucial role in the formation and development of our country, acting as the most important transport hub. On the territory of the city there are 9 railway stations, 5 airports, 3 river ports and more than one thousand buses, electric trains and trains with routes throughout Russia.

The first mention of the Volga River dates back to ancient times, when it was called as "Ra". In later times, already in Arabic sources, the river was called Atel (Etel, Itil), which means “ great river or "river of rivers". That is how the Byzantine Theophanes and subsequent chroniclers called her in the annals.
The current name "Volga" has several versions of its origin. The version about the Baltic roots of the name seems to be the most probable. According to the Latvian valka, which means "overgrown river", the Volga got its name. This is how the river looks in its upper reaches, where the Balts lived in antiquity. According to another version, the name of the river comes from the word valkea (Finno-Ugric), which means "white" or from the Old Slavic "volog" (moisture).

Hydrography

Since ancient times, the Volga has not lost its grandeur at all. Today it is the largest river in Russia and ranks 16th in the world among the longest rivers. Before the construction of the cascade of reservoirs, the length of the river was 3690 km, today this figure has decreased to 3530 km. At the same time, navigable navigation is carried out for 3500 km. In navigation, the channel plays an important role. Moscow, which acts as a link between the capital and the great Russian river.
The Volga connects with the following seas:

with the Azov and Black Seas through the Volga-Don Canal;
with the Baltic Sea through the Volga-Baltic waterway;
with the White Sea along the White Sea-Baltic Canal and the Severodvinsk river system.

The waters of the Volga originate in the region of the Valdai Upland - in the spring of the village of Volga-Verkhovye, which is located in the Tver region. The height of the source above sea level is 228 meters. Further, the river carries its waters through all of Central Russia to the Caspian Sea. The height of the fall of the river is small, because. the mouth of the river is only 28 meters below sea level. Thus, throughout its entire length, the river descends 256 meters, and its slope is 0.07%. The average speed of the river flow is relatively low - from 2 to 6 km/h (less than 1 m/s).
The Volga is fed mainly by melt water, which accounts for 60% of the annual runoff. 30% of the runoff comes from groundwater (which supports the river in winter) and only 10% brings rain (mainly in summer). Throughout its length, 200 tributaries flow into the Volga. But already at the latitude of Saratov, the water basin of the river narrows, after which the Volga flows from the city of Kamyshin to the Caspian Sea without support from other tributaries.
From April to June, the Volga is characterized by a high spring flood, which lasts an average of 72 days. The maximum level of water rise in the river is observed in the first half of May, when it spills over the floodplain territory for 10 or more kilometers. And in the lower reaches - in the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain, the width of the flood in places reaches 30 km.
Summer is characterized by a stable low-water period, which lasts from mid-June to early October. Rains in October bring with them an autumn flood, after which a period of low-water winter low water begins, when the Volga is fed only by groundwater.
It should also be noted that after the construction of a whole cascade of reservoirs and regulation of the flow, fluctuations in the water level became much less significant.
The Volga freezes in its upper and middle reaches, usually at the end of November. In the lower reaches, ice rises in early December.
Ice drift on the Volga in the upper reaches, as well as in the section from Astrakhan to Kamyshin, occurs in the first half of April. In the area near Astrakhan, the river usually breaks up in mid-March.
At Astrakhan, the river remains ice-free for almost 260 days a year, while in other sections this time is about 200 days. During the open water period, the river is actively used for ship navigation.
The main part of the river catchment falls on the forest zone, located from the very source to Nizhny Novgorod. The middle part of the river passes through the forest-steppe zone, and the lower part already flows through semi-deserts.

Volga Map

Different Volga: Upper, Middle and Lower

According to the classification adopted today, the Volga in its course is divided into three parts:

The Upper Volga captures the section from the source to the confluence of the Oka (in the city of Nizhny Novgorod);
The Middle Volga extends from the mouth of the Oka River to the confluence of the Kama;
The Lower Volga starts from the mouth of the Kama River and reaches the Caspian Sea itself.

As for the Lower Volga, some adjustments should be made. After the construction of the Zhigulevskaya hydroelectric power station just above Samara and the construction of the Kuibyshev reservoir, today's border between the middle and lower sections of the river passes just at the level of the dam.

Upper Volga

In its upper course, the river made its way through the system of the Upper Volga lakes. Between Rybinsk and Tver, 3 reservoirs are of interest to anglers: Rybinskoye (the famous "fish"), Ivankovskoye (the so-called "Moscow Sea") and the Uglich reservoir. Even further downstream, bypassing Yaroslavl and as far as Kostroma, the riverbed passes through a narrow valley with high banks. Then, a little higher than Nizhny Novgorod, there is the dam of the Gorky hydroelectric power station, which forms the Gorky reservoir of the same name. The most significant contribution to the Upper Volga is made by such tributaries as: Unzha, Selizharovka, Mologa and Tvertsa.

Middle Volga

Beyond Nizhny Novgorod, the Middle Volga begins. Here the width of the river increases by more than 2 times - the Volga becomes full-flowing, reaching a width of 600 m to 2+ km. Near the city of Cheboksary, after the construction of the Cheboksary hydroelectric power station of the same name, an extended reservoir was formed. The area of the reservoir is 2190 square km. The largest tributaries of the Middle Volga are the rivers: Oka, Sviyaga, Vetluga and Sura.

Lower Volga

The Lower Volga begins immediately after the confluence of the Kama River. Here the river, indeed, can be called mighty in all respects. The Lower Volga carries its full-flowing streams along the Volga Upland. Near the city of Tolyatti on the Volga, the largest reservoir was built - Kuibyshevskoe, on which in 2011 there was a disaster with the notorious motor ship Bulgaria. The reservoir of the Volga hydroelectric power station named after Lenin is propped up. Even further downstream, near the city of Balakovo, the Saratov hydroelectric power station was built. The tributaries of the Lower Volga are no longer so full of water, these are the rivers: Samara, Eruslan, Sok, Big Irgiz.

Volga-Akhtuba floodplain

Below the city of Volzhsky, a left branch called Akhtuba separates from the great Russian river. After the construction of the Volga hydroelectric power station, the beginning of the Akhtuba was a 6 km canal extending from the root Volga. Today, the length of Akhtuba is 537 km, the river carries its waters to the northeast parallel to the mother channel, then approaching it, then moving away again. Together with the Volga, Akhtuba forms the famous Volga-Akhtuba floodplain - a real fishing eldorado. The floodplain territory is pierced by numerous channels, saturated with flood lakes and unusually rich in all kinds of fish. The width of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain averages from 10 to 30 km.
Through the territory of the Astrakhan region, the Volga travels 550 km, carrying its waters along the Caspian lowland. At the 3038th kilometer of its journey, the Volga River splits into 3 branches: Bold Curve, City and Trusovsky. And in the section from 3039 to 3053 km, the city of Astrakhan is located along the branches of the City and Trusovsky.
Below Astrakhan, the river makes a turn to the southwest and splits into numerous branches that form a delta.

Volga Delta

The Volga delta first begins to form in a place where one of the branches called Buzan separates from the main channel. This place is located above Astrakhan. In general, the Volga delta has over 510 branches, small channels and eriks. The delta is located on a total area of 19 thousand square kilometers. In width, the distance between the western and eastern branches of the delta reaches 170 km. In the generally accepted classification, the Volga delta consists of three parts: upper, middle and lower. The zones of the upper and middle deltas consist of small islands separated by channels (eriks) 7 to 18 meters wide. The lower part of the Volga delta consists of very branched channel channels, which pass into the so-called. Caspian peals, famous for their lotus fields.
Due to the lowering of the level of the Caspian Sea over the past 130 years, the area of the Volga delta is also growing. During this time, it has increased more than 9 times.
Today, the Volga delta is the largest in Europe, but is famous primarily for its rich fish stocks.
Note that vegetable animal world The delta is under protection - the Astrakhan Reserve is located here. Therefore, amateur fishing in these places is regulated and not allowed everywhere.

The economic role of the river in the life of the country

Since the 30s of the last century, electricity has been produced on the river with the help of hydroelectric power stations. Since then, 9 hydroelectric power plants with their reservoirs have been built on the Volga. At the moment, the river basin is home to approximately 45% of industry and half of all Agriculture Russia. More than 20% of all fish for the food industry of the Russian Federation is caught in the Volga basin.
The logging industry is developed in the Upper Volga basin, and grain crops are grown in the Middle and Lower Volga regions. Along the middle and downstream The river also developed horticulture and horticulture.
The Volga-Ural region is rich in natural gas and oil deposits. Near the city of Solikamsk there are deposits of potassium salts. famous lake Baskunchak on the Lower Volga is famous not only for its healing mud, but also for its salt deposits.
Upstream ships carry oil products, coal, gravel materials, cement, metal, salt and food products. Downstream supplies timber, industrial raw materials, lumber and finished products.

Animal world

Tourism and fishing on the Volga

In the mid-90s of the last century, due to the economic decline in the country, water tourism on the Volga lost its popularity. The situation was normalized only at the beginning of this century. But the outdated material and technical base hinders the development of the tourism business. Motor ships that were built back in Soviet times (60-90 years of the last century) still sail along the Volga. Water tourist routes quite a lot along the Volga. From Moscow alone, motor ships run on more than 20 different routes.

14 regions: regions and republics are washed by the banks of this giant in the world of rivers. And the river basin, from where the Volga absorbs water, is much larger. E Oka with Tsna and Moksha, Kama with Vyatka, Chusovaya and Belaya, Sviyaga, Samara, Kostroma and many others. The Volga even bifurcates on its way, and of these rivers I remember only the Orinoco in South America.

65 cities are located along the banks of the largest and longest river in the European part of the Eurasian continent. And there is nothing to say about smaller settlements. Of the largest cities, I will note Samara, Astrakhan, Kazan, Volgograd, Saratov, Nizhny Novgorod. Also from the capitals of the regions, Ulyanovsk, Cheboksary, Kostroma, Tver and Yaroslavl can be noted.

He visited Nizhny Novgorod, took a Polaroid photo in 1995 with the President of the Chuvash Republic in Cheboksary, studied in Kazan. Good memories...

Perhaps the largest cities on the Volga: Nizhny Novgorod, Volgograd, Yaroslavl, Tver, Kazan, Samara, Kostroma, Tolyatti, Astrakhan, Saratov. The Volga is the longest river in Europe, it originates in the northwest of the Tver region.

A very interesting question for me. I myself was born and raised in the city of Ulyanovsk. This is the middle Volga region of the Volga River. By the way, the most big bridge in Europe it is located there. I myself became interested in what cities the Internet would give out.

Here is a list of cities and villages on the Volga.

On the Volga stands over 60 cities. The largest cities on the Volga are Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Volgograd, Kazan.

Here is a list of other cities:

Tver, Rzhev, Zubtsov, Konakovo, Kimry, Staritsa, Kalyazin (these cities are located in the Tver region).
Dubna (belongs to the Moscow region).
Uglich, Rybinsk, Myshkin, Tutaev, Yaroslavl (these cities refer to Yaroslavl region).
Kostroma, Volgorechensk (the cities belong to the Kostroma region).
Pls, Kineshma, Zavolzhsk, Navoloki, Yuryevets, Puchezh (these cities belong to the Ivanovo region).
Nizhny Novgorod, Chkalovsk, Zavolzhye, Gorodets, Kstovo, Balakhna, Bor, Lyskovo (cities belong to the Nizhny Novgorod region).
Zvenigovo, Volzhsk, Kozmodemyansk (these are the cities of the Republic of Mari El).
Cheboksary, Mariinsky Posad, Novocheboksarsk, Kozlovka (Republic of Chuvashia).
Kazan, Zelenodolsk, Bolgar, Tetyush (cities belonging to the Republic of Tatarstan).
Ulyanovsk, Sengiley, Novoulyanovsk, Dimitrovgra (Ulyanovsk region).
Samara, Tolyatti, Zhigulvsk, Syzran, Novokuibyshevsk, Oktyabrsk (Samara region).
Saratov, Engels, Balakovo, Khvalynsk, Volsk, Marx (cities belong to Saratov region).
Volgograd, Nikolaevsk, Kamyshin, Dubovka, Volzhsky, Krasnoslobodsk (cities belong to the Volgograd region).
Astrakhan, Akhtubinsk, Narimanov (cities belong to the Astrakhan region).

On the Volga River, from mouth to source, there are about sixty cities. These include:

Cities of the Tver region - Rzhev, Zubtsov, Staritsa, Tver, Konakovo, Kimry, Kalyazin.

City in the Moscow region - Dubna.

Cities of the Yaroslavl region - Uglich, Myshkin, Rybinsk, Tutaev, Yaroslavl.

Cities of the Kostroma region - Kostroma, Volgorechensk.

Cities of the Ivanovo region - Pls, Navoloki, Kineshma, Zavolzhsk, Yuryevets, Puchezh.

Cities of the Nizhny Novgorod region - Chkalovsk, Zavolzhye, Gorodets, Balakhna, Nizhny Novgorod, Bor, Kstovo, Lyskovo.

Cities of the Republic of Mari El - Kozmodemyansk, Zvenigovo, Volzhsk.

Cities of the Republic of Chuvashia - Cheboksary, Novocheboksarsk, Mariinsky Posad, Kozlovka.

Cities of the Republic of Tatarstan - Zelenodolsk, Kazan, Bolgar, Tetyushi.

Cities of the Ulyanovsk region - Ulyanovsk, Novoulyanovsk, Sengiley, Dimitrovgrad.

Cities Samara region- Togliatti, Zhigulvsk, Samara, Novokuibyshevsk, Oktyabrsk, Syzran.

Cities of the Saratov region - Khvalynsk, Balakovo, Volsk, Marx, Saratov, Engels.

Cities of the Volgograd region - Kamyshin, Nikolaevsk, Dubovka, Volzhsky, Volgograd, Krasnoslobodsk

Cities of the Astrakhan region - Akhtubinsk, Narimanov and Astrakhan.

The Volga is perhaps the largest and longest river on the Eurasian continent (its European part). Along its banks there are many fairly large cities and even more small settlements, villages and villages.

Of the largest, for example, Saratov, Samara, Kazan, as well as Volgograd, Astrakhan and Nizhny Novgorod can be named. Of those cities that are the capitals of the regions, one can name Cheboksary, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, as well as Tver and Ulyanovsk.

On this map, all the main settlements located on the Volga River are clearly visible.

And here you can see full list all settlements near the Volga.

On the Volga there are many cities and villages, about twenty cities: Astrakhan, Kazay, Ulyanovsk, Balakovo, Saratov, Syzran, Samara .. better I will show you a complete list of all cities on the Volga by region:

40-Volgograd

120-Saratov

160-Nizhny Novgorod

200-Astrakhan

240 Kazan

To find out what cities are on the Volga, the easiest way is to remember the geography and look at the map of Russia.

The map shows the major cities of Russia located on the Volga. If you go down the Volga from above Tver downstream to Astrakhan, then from Tver and Rybinsk the route along the Volga goes through the cities Yaroslavl, Kostroma, then Kineshma, Further Nizhny Novgorod, after Cheboksary and Kazan, Ulyanovsk, Tolyatti, Further Samara, then Sizran, Balakovo and Saratov, below Kamyshin, Volgograd and below Volgograd - Astrakhan.

Conventionally, the Volga is divided into upper, middle and lower Volga. Upper Volga: from Tver to Nizhny Novgorod; from Nizhny Novgorod to Kazan - the middle Volga, and lower from Kazan to Astrakhan - the lower Volga. The largest cities - cities with a population of more than one million inhabitants - Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara, Volgograd.

Cities on the Volga
There are a lot of such cities, I will list the main ones: Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara, Volgograd, Rzhev, Tver, Rybinsk, Kostroma, Kineshma, Cheboksary, .Ulyanovsk, Tolyatti, Astrakhan. Each city is unique in its own way and has its own history.

A few years ago, I sailed on a large three-deck motor ship in tourist package along the Volga. In all the Volga cities there were city tours. These are the cities: Pless, Volgograd, Samara, Kuibyshev, Astrakhan, Nizhny Novgorod, Yaroslavl. And, of course, Tver. Why, of course, because I was born in it. This is a beautiful city. The Volga River divides the city in half. These are not all cities. There are many more smaller cities. The Volga is a great and very beautiful river.

On the Volga is the hero city of Volgograd! A glorious city for all Russians!

It has always attracted people with its fullness, beauty and grandeur. Since ancient times, people have settled on its shores with a length of more than 3.5 thousand kilometers. From Tver, where the Volga originates, to Astrakhan, where it flows into the Caspian Sea, large and small cities and towns lie on its shores. settlements. In this article, we will only talk about cities located on the banks of the Volga.

Tver is an old Russian city, called in the Soviet period, from 1931 to 1990, Kalinin. This city was first mentioned in chronicles in 1208, but 1135 is considered to be the year of its foundation. Historians suggest that Yuri Dolgoruky, who fought for power in Kyiv and built fortresses on his lands, could become the founder of the city. Now it is a large administrative center of the region with a population of about half a million people. It is in the Tver region that our city is located.

Cities of the Tver region on the Volga - Rzhev, Zubtsov, Staritsa, Tver, Konakovo, Kimry, Kalyazin

Yaroslavl was first mentioned in the Tale of Bygone Years in 1071. The "golden age" of the city was the 17th century, when it became the second largest center of the Muscovite state after Moscow. Numerous churches and temples built in those years remind of this time. After the reforms of Peter the Great, it turned into an ordinary center of the province. During the years of industrialization, Yaroslavl became a major industrial center. The 1000th anniversary of the city was celebrated in 2010.

Cities of the Yaroslavl region on the Volga - Uglich, Myshkin, Rybinsk, Tutaev, Yaroslavl.

Where did the name come from ancient city Kostroma, there are many opinions. But the opinion is considered official that the name of the city was named after the Kostroma River. At the place where it flows into the Volga, Kostroma was founded. This city on the Volga owes its foundation in 1152 to Yuri Dolgoruky. Here, on the Kostroma land, the feat of the famous Ivan Susanin was accomplished.

Cities of the Kostroma region on the Volga - Kostroma, Volgorechensk.

The history of Nizhny Novgorod began in 1221. For some time it was called Gorky. This name was given to him in 1932 in honor of the Soviet writer Alexei Maksimovich Gorky. The city was returned to its historical name by 1990. Now 1260 thousand people live in Nizhny Novgorod, it is the economic, scientific and cultural center of Russia.

Cities of the Nizhny Novgorod region on the Volga - Chkalovsk, Zavolzhye, Gorodets, Balakhna, Nizhny Novgorod, Bor, Kstovo, Lyskovo.

The capital of Chuvashia, the city of Cheboksary, is famous for the fact that the famous Chapaev was born in it. At the place where the hut was located, in which the red commander was born and lived in childhood, there is a huge stone with a commemorative inscription. Cheboksary and the satellite city of Novocheboksarsk are known for manufacturing products for the energy industry.

Cities of the Republic of Chuvashia on the Volga - Cheboksary, Novocheboksarsk, Mariinsky Posad, Kozlovka.

Kazan is ancient beautiful city With rich history. The walls of its ancient fortress of the Kazan Kremlin amaze anyone who sees them from the river, it was recognized as a UNESCO site. The capital of Tatarstan celebrated its millennium in 2005, and by that date the Millennium Bridge was built, and the Kazan Metro was built and opened for passengers. Representatives of 115 nationalities live on the territory of Kazan, one of the most multinational cities in Russia.

Cities of the Republic of Tatarstan on the Volga - Zelenodolsk, Kazan, Bolgar, Tetyushi.

People of the older generation remember Togliatti as a city that grew up next to an enterprise where the production of domestic Zhiguli cars was launched. These cars began to be produced on equipment purchased from Italy. The Italians helped in the installation and adjustment of their equipment. Several generations of Soviet people drove these cars for many years. There were times when there were huge queues for the products of the domestic auto industry.

Samara - former Kuibyshev (1935 - 1991). The first mention of a settlement with a fortress in the place where Samara flows into the Volga dates back to 1361, but the official date of the foundation of the city is 1568. It is a large city with a population of about 1 million. 200 people, whose main industries are mechanical engineering, oil refining, food and light industry.

Cities of the Samara region on the Volga - Tolyatti, Zhigulevsk, Samara, Novokuibyshevsk, Oktyabrsk, Syzran.

Syzran is a port city founded in 1683. It is part of the Samara region and is located on the banks of the Saratov reservoir. The name of the city in translation from Turkic means "ravine river". During the Soviet period, oil and shale deposits were discovered near the city, and this determined the structure of the industry. They said about Syzran that this is the second Baku.

Saratov was founded in 1590. By the end of the 18th century, the city became a transit point and a center for the trade in fish and salt. Until the end of the 20s of the 20th century, Saratov was the largest city in the Volga region, it was even called the capital of the Volga region. In 2013, Saratov ranked 10th out of 30 cities in terms of business attractiveness.

Cities of the Saratov region on the Volga - Khvalynsk, Balakovo, Volsk, Marx, Saratov, Engels.

Volgograd had several names: from the day it was founded in 1589, it was called Tsaritsyn, in 1925-1961 - Stalingrad. The main attraction of Volgograd is Mamaev Kurgan, which was opened in 1968. Monument "Motherland is calling!" visible at the entrance to the city and from the side of the river, and from railway. They were built as a sign of eternal memory of the heroism of the defenders of Volgograd.

Cities of the Volgograd region on the Volga - Kamyshin, Nikolaevsk, Dubovka, Volzhsky, Volgograd, Krasnoslobodsk

The Great Volga, having carried its waters through many thousands of kilometers, finally found an outlet to the vast Caspian Sea. Here stands Astrakhan - the southernmost and sunniest of all the cities on the Volga. Thanks to his geographic location, where the trade routes of the Golden Horde crossed, Khadzhi-Tarkhan, as Astrakhan was then called, was a trade hub on the caravan route. Volumes of books have been written about the history of the city in the era of the Astrakhan Khanate.

Cities of the Astrakhan region on the Volga - Akhtubinsk, Narimanov and Astrakhan.