Statistics of accidents on different modes of transport. Which transport is safer? (statistics analysis)

Many people think that the most dangerous mode of transport- This is a shuttle bus. VTsIOM conducted a study according to which Russians consider planes, trains, buses and subways much safer than cars and fixed-route taxis. Maritime and river transport also enjoys little confidence. Let's try to find out what threatens people with the most dangerous mode of transport.

Motor transport

Cars have long been considered very dangerous to the health and lives of people. Unpredictable roads and manual control transport - these are the factors that create a great danger to road users. Self-confident car owners get the feeling that they are in control of the situation on the road. But this is just an illusion.

It often happens that accidents occur for reasons beyond the control of drivers. Mistakes are made by other road users. Technical malfunctions of cars, foreign objects on the road lane are also dangerous factors. While you are reading this article (3 minutes), there has been at least one road accident in the country. In states where aggressive driving is considered the norm, the situation on the road is much worse.

The most dangerous mode of transport- automotive, according to many experts. The danger threatens not only a particular driver, but also all other road users. About 35,000 people die every year in car accidents on Russian roads.

Motorcycles and bicycles

Even worse are the situations in which two-wheeled vehicles appear in the form of motorcycles, monocycles and scooters. Driving in this case requires specific skills. It is equally dangerous to ride a bicycle on the roads. Inexperienced cyclists ride without a helmet, which increases the risk of injury. The danger of cycling as a mode of transport is often underestimated.

In reality, cyclists often become involved in accidents because they forget about the safety requirements on highways. This is especially true for extreme skiing. In the US, there are statistics reflecting the death of cyclists in the country: 700-900 people a year.

Aircraft

Air transport is considered less dangerous than road transport. However, airliner crashes always attract more attention than road accidents. Mourning is declared for those who died in air crashes, as this happens at once and immediately gets into the media. But society overlooks the fact that, according to statistics, many more people die in car accidents. Therefore, the plane can not be called the most dangerous mode of transport.

Among air transport, the main danger to human life is represented by private jets. The quality of their management and service is questionable. Such aircraft are not very technically reliable and are more dependent on the weather than airliners of carrier companies. Flights are dangerous in themselves, no one argues with that. However, the media exaggerate the danger of the planes. It is much safer to fly a significant distance than to cover the same number of kilometers by car.

It happens that planes crash, but this happens extremely rarely. In this case, all passengers die. Mortality in air transport is 0.6 people / 160 million km. What are the risks for a passenger when flying? The chance of crashing is one in a million flights. If you count the risks, it is worth noting that walking is also dangerous. The person who chooses his legs as optimal view transport, is also at risk: he can get sick, go astray, stumble, break his leg, become a victim of a robbery, etc.

Some people are afraid of flying because they cannot control the situation during the flight. When driving a car, this problem does not arise. That's why ground transport often erroneously considered safer, even though so many people die on the roads.

Public ground transportation

If we consider public transport, the most common are buses. They are convenient, versatile and unpretentious in operation. Modern buses tolerate any asphalt roads well. Disadvantages of this type of transport: frequent stops, low speed, environmental air pollution during movement, etc.

Among public transport the shuttle bus stands out in particular. This is the most dangerous form of transport today. Minibuses and minibuses move chaotically, blocking stops and ignoring traffic rules. Trying to save time, drivers forget about the safety of passengers. During peak hours, people fixed-route taxis ride standing. All this leads to the fact that minibuses more often than other cars become the initiators of accidents. The consequences of such accidents are very serious.

How dangerous are trains and ships

The train moves much slower than the plane. Therefore, it is considered more dangerous. There are many risk factors here: derailment, stop crane, sudden obstacle at the crossing, etc. The death rate on the railway is 0.9 people / 160 million km.

The most dangerous mode of transport may be considered water. Accidents, accidental collisions, storms, falls from the deck are frequent occurrences on the water. Mortality in water transport is 1.2 people / 160 million km. Many people prefer to travel by train because they feel safer there. However, statistics show that accidents occur more often on the railway than in airspace. Therefore, if we compare railway, water and air transport, then the last one will be the safest.

We assessed the degree of danger of the most popular modes of transport. It turns out that the most dangerous mode of transport is cars.

Vehicles allow us to move around the world quickly and comfortably, but at what cost? Millions of people die every year in transport. We have compiled a rating to identify the safest mode of transport, this was helped by the transport statistics of 2015. Some ranking positions may surprise you, but you can't argue with the statistics.

Moped and motorcycle

Mopeds and motorcycles rightfully occupy the tenth position in our ranking of the safest modes of transport. For many years in a row, such transport has been considered the most dangerous, and 2015 is no exception. Of the total traffic, motorcycles make up only 1%, while on the roads 20% of deaths occur precisely on this type of transport.

In order to survive, you should remember that you can not develop a dashing speed of more than 70 km / h. Desperate bravado is not only inappropriate, it can also cost the life of the driver. And if he took a passenger with him ..

According to statistics, 125 deaths occur for every 1.5 billion km. motorcycle rental. The death rate of drivers of ordinary cars is 28 times less than the death rate of motorcycle drivers. These are the modern facts.

On the ninth line of the rating in the list of the safest modes of transport for 2015, the bike is considered the “younger brother” of the moped. From year to year, the bicycle is considered one of the most dangerous types of transport, according to official statistics. This year is no exception, unfortunately.

The most common accidents involving bicycles occur when they collide with cars. The number of such accidents on the roads is constantly growing. Therefore, cyclists should be as careful as possible. Since teenagers are the most likely to die in such crashes, all parents should consider this moment. At 1.5 billion km. According to statistics, 35 deaths are accounted for.

Underground

On the eighth position in the ranking of the safest mode of transport according to the statistics of 2015, was the subway. This type of transport in case of accidents ruins the lives of many people at once. And emergencies in the subway are especially dangerous for citizens. If we talk about Russia, most often the victims are passengers of the Moscow metro.

Ferries are not as safe as water transport enthusiasts would like. According to the statistics of the current year, by 1.5 billion km. accounts for 20 deaths. In particular, it should be noted that not every death occurs as a result of a crash. Passengers have been known to fall overboard. Water transport is also unsafe!

The spacecraft is ranked 6th in our ranking of the safest modes of transport for 2015. Only 18 spacecraft that have been sent into boundless space since the very first flight in 1961 have failed to return. And this is despite the impressive amount of transport of this type sent into space. There were 530 ships in total. It should be borne in mind that people did not die in space itself. Tragedies happened during takeoff or at the time of landing. According to statistics, 1.5 billion km. accounts for 7 human deaths.

Minibus

Automobile

Previously, cars were considered an incredibly dangerous type of transport. So, how did the car turn out to be one of the safest types of transport in the 2015 statistics? Everything is very simple. The machine design has been significantly improved in recent years. Thus, the number of accidents has been significantly reduced.

New statistics show that 1.5 billion km. There are four deaths in the share of cars. However, this does not mean that you can safely forget about safety measures or become fans of crazy driving.

Bus

For 1 billion km. accounts for 0.5 deaths according to official statistics. This applies to ordinary buses. Therefore, in the ranking of the safest modes of transport for 2015, it was buses that took the honorable 3rd place.

In Europe, this type of public transport is one of the safest. In Egypt, things are worse, as in the Russian Federation. But still, in the third position of the ranking, buses are deservedly. However, do not forget about the terrible incidents associated with this type of transport.

It is worth at least remembering how a bus was rammed by a truck in the capital. And this is not an isolated case!

aircraft

Aircraft are in second place. Although, in previous years, this type of transport occupied the top line of such ratings. But, according to the statistics of 2015, the plane cannot be attributed to the safest modes of transport.

Nevertheless, 0.5 deaths occur per 1.5 billion km, if we also take into account small aircraft with helicopters. Commercial ships will always trump ordinary light aircraft in danger. However, we should not forget that the worst thing, in the case of air crashes, is the fact that almost none of the huge number of passengers manage to escape. And even the crew of an aircraft in air crashes is often no more lucky.

It is known that such incidents can never be an accident. When a plane crash occurs, a combination of certain factors is to blame. However, airplanes are always considered one of the safest types of transport. And statistics every year confirm this. But the most surprising thing is that often people are much more afraid of flying on airplanes than riding motorcycles.

Trains, according to 2015 statistics, are considered the safest transport in the world and were in the first place on our list. This is especially true for American and European trains, with only 0.2 deaths per 1.5 billion km. for the trains. If we take only Russian Federation, in railway transport, the mortality rate is 0.7 per 1.5 billion km, which is also not very high.

calculate, what mode of transport is the safest, not so easy. To build a beautiful and visual graph, at least two indicators are required - the number of dead or injured, as well as the number of people who use this type of transport. For air, rail and water transport, finding this data is not difficult, because thanks to tickets, each person is taken into account. But there are problems with road transport. Tracking the movement of the average Russian from work, to work and to the store is not possible - after all, no one passes registration to leave on the threshold of their home.

Our transport safety rating according to statistics for 2018 was compiled using various sources - from the data of the National Union of Insurers, which keep statistics on registered insured events from 2012 to the present, to data on traffic accidents on the Rosstat website.

> 200 deaths per 1.6 billion km

Although the number of motorcycle accidents has decreased by more than 70% since 2005, the motorcycle still remains one of the most dangerous modes of transport. According to statistics, it turns out that every 1.6 billion kilometers of the way are paid for by the lives of more than two hundred drivers and their passengers.

A motorcycle, like another two-wheeled vehicle - a bicycle - is characterized by increased vulnerability, so accidents involving motorcyclists are highly likely to end sadly. The reason is non-compliance with the rules of the road, and, surprisingly, the fundamental refusal of some drivers to use a helmet.

5.75 people per 1.6 billion km

In second place in the number of road accidents are private cars. In total, at least 5.75 people die in 1.6 billion kilometers of the way.

The reasons are both the unwillingness of drivers to comply with the rules of the road, and the condition of the roadway, the increased wear and tear of the vehicle fleet due to the crisis and the deterioration in the purchasing power of the population. And also (due to the increase in the average age of life) and the aging of drivers. All these factors together serve as a guarantee that road transport in Russia will not be safe for a long time to come.

9.4 deaths per 1 million passengers

Among air transport greatest danger for human life are not international transport, but intercity. Especially if a person in a helicopter is forced to go to those parts where even the notorious Makar prefers not to drive his calves. Perhaps this is the reason for such a high number of casualties among helicopter passengers. For every 1 million people, at least 9.4 are injured. You will have to fall from a great height, and, with a high degree of probability, the injuries will be incompatible with life.

5 dead per 1.5 billion km

Fixed-route taxis are by no means the safest form of transport in Russia. According to statistics, every 1.5 billion kilometers traveled by a minibus are paid for with five human lives. Among the reasons can be named both the work of drivers for wear and tear, and the design miscalculations of minibuses, the condition of the roads, the unwillingness to follow the rules of the road and driving while drunk.

2.84 injured per 1 million transported

In 2018, there were several major accidents involving intercity buses, including a tragic accident in the Voronezh region, when two buses collided, five people died and 17 were injured. international buses not distinguished by safety - for every million passengers transported in accidents, at least 2.84 are injured or killed. In total for 2018 trips to intercity buses brought death to more than 600 passengers, and injured more than 13 thousand people.

2.3 accidents per 1 million passengers

This category includes both international ships and domestic river carriers. In total, in 2018, 62 incidents occurred during sea and river travel, which ended tragically for five people. In general, according to NSS statistics, for every million passengers carried, there are 2.3 accidents.

Passengers on sea and river boats not only the water element threatens, but also the fire element. One of common causes traffic accidents - a sudden outbreak of fire on board a ship, usually caused by a malfunction of the electrical wiring. This is not surprising, given that the Russian domestic fleet is in a deplorable state, and almost a third of the ships have celebrated 40 years of operation.

Probability of dying: 1:11,000,000

Most safe transport in the world, however, in Russia it is not possible to obtain accurate statistics on the number of accidents per number of passengers. The data of the National Association of Insurers, on which we relied when assessing the risk of other modes of transport, are not available for them. The reason is the peculiarities of the insurance system in Russia; most air transport companies carry their passengers not only within the country, but also abroad. Therefore, they use international insurance policies.

That's why the plane is the safest mode of transport: according to statistics, the odds of dying in an accident on board an aircraft are 1 in 11 million. For comparison: the chances of being struck by lightning while walking in a thunderstorm are 16 times higher!

0.17 accidents per 1 million passengers

This category includes both intercity and international trains, as well as ordinary commuter trains. In general, for 2018, the statistics for Russian Railways look excellent - for almost the entire year, from January to November, only seven accidents were registered. Unfortunately, there were no deaths - one person died. In general, there are no more than 0.17 accidents per 1 million passengers.

More and more people prefer to use one of the safest modes of transport, and this cannot be explained by price alone. After all, for some destinations, the cost of plane and train tickets is almost equal. According to the Russian Railways website, for 2018 in trains long distance transported almost 8% more passengers than last year. And the growth in the number of passengers on electric trains amounted to almost 3%.

0.09 cases per million transported

Trolleybus is in second place in terms of safety among modes of transport in Russia. According to NSS statistics, there are only 0.09 accidents for every million passengers carried. Most of them are banal “stumbled and fell”.

The reasons for the low injury rate of a trolleybus are very simple - its volume and weight, as well as its low speed. In the event of a collision with, for example, car much worse for a car. And the passengers of the trolleybus will get off with light bruises.

0.04 affected out of 1,000,000 people

The safest transport according to statistics for 2018 in terms of the ratio of the number of accidents to the number of passengers. In total, out of one million arrivals from point A to point B, no more than 0.04 people are injured. In addition to safety, the tram has many advantages:

• it moves more smoothly than a car and even a trolleybus;
• less noisy;
• completely autonomous from traffic jams (unless, of course, motorists are trying to drive along the tracks);
• of all urban transport causes the least harm to the environment.

Unfortunately, trams are gradually disappearing from small towns in Russia. The reason is the limited local budget, which is simply unable to support a separate line. In total, over the past twenty years, the number of trams has decreased by more than 35%. Does this mean that the safest mode of transport will gradually disappear from the urban landscape?

Unhealthy and life-threatening transport are not the same thing. We respond more often to the word death than to health. Yes, and the media do not get tired of stating harsh numbers about in what transport, when and under what circumstances people die. Has anyone thought about what kind of transport transports the healthiest passengers? Let's try to figure it out.

1. the most dangerous mode of transport is automobile;
2. water;
3. railway;
4. air transport.

Survey on the most dangerous modes of transport among ordinary people

1. air transport;
2. water transport;
3. automobile;
4. railway.

Reasons for differences between scientific approach and public opinion Almost everyone knows the official statistics, but this does not affect the level of fear of this or that transport. Psychologists are sure that a person’s fear of airplanes is due to the fact that in the event of an accident at altitude, a person simply cannot get out of the plane. Water transport is in second place because it is also impossible to get off the ship to land at a convenient moment. A person thinks not about the frequency of accidents, but about what he will do in the event of an accident. To determine the danger of transport, the number of dead people is counted. To determine the harmfulness of transport, the influence of environmental factors on a person is studied.

Harmful modes of transport

It should be noted that the harmfulness of transport for the passenger and the driver is different. Drivers suffer more because:

• constant tension and attention;
• work with devices;
• the inability to stretch when you want.

What affects human health in transport

• speed: speed above 60 km/h puts a significant strain on the body;
• electromagnetic fields of electronics vehicle: the electromagnetic field radiation in the subway car can be 1000 times higher than the electromagnetic background of the Earth;
• noise level;
• vibration level;
• human factor.

The most dangerous types of public transport

A survey of Kiev residents showed that minibuses are the most dangerous land transport.

• minibuses (drivers often violate traffic rules, are distracted while paying for the fare, the smell of gasoline and exhaust fumes);
• buses (the smell of gasoline and exhaust fumes, traffic violations);
• trolleybuses (the most annoying creaky howling sounds are the most annoying to the people of Kiev);
• tram (according to the people of Kiev, the safest type of public transport in the city).

Unfortunately, the people of Kiev were not asked about the metro. But most likely, it would take the 4th place, retaining the primacy of the tram. The metro is considered not a harmful mode of transport, but not at rush hour. Scientists cannot decide in any way: whether to include crowding of people in the harmfulness of transport, because this indicator is not constant. Metro Disadvantages How harmful the descent into the ground is is not an unambiguous question, but the fact that vibration and noise in the cars of the post-Soviet subway exceed the norm is a fact. Daily driving for more than 3 hours may cause hearing loss.

It is impossible to imagine modern life without transport. But once it was not! Just think, the first wheeled cart appeared in Mesopotamia in 3500 BC! The need to carry heavy loads forced a person to use the power of animals. Then he invented the boat, sail, built the first ship. The invention of the engine gave a new impetus to the further development of transport and the emergence of its new types. A long process of development and further improvement has undergone transport since those ancient times. And now, in the 21st century, life without transport is not only difficult, it is almost impossible for many. Society is developing, the modern rhythm of life requires increased activity from a person, so the need to overcome long distances increases.

Nowadays, being in a few hours in another country or even on another continent is no longer a problem. Humanity has achieved amazing success in the development of transport. For the convenience of movement by man, the following were invented:

1. Water transport.
2. Air.
3. Ground.

Now cars, trains, planes, helicopters, ships, yachts, motorcycles, quads, buses, trams are "at the service" of people. The list goes on. Moreover, there are also new types, for example, an electric car. Progress cannot be stopped.

With the advent of such a variety of means of transportation, the problem of overcoming long distances was solved. However, another question arose that worries everyone without exception, which mode of transport is the safest. The safety criterion when choosing a particular means of transportation is perhaps the most important.

Surely everyone at least once thought about what is safer to ride. There are many misconceptions and erroneous conclusions. For example, some people think that driving your own car is the most reliable way to get around. This is argued by the fact that compliance with traffic rules and attentiveness on the road is a guarantee of safety. However, do not forget that there are many unscrupulous drivers on the road, and some do not know the traffic rules at all. Sad but true. Only one thing is clear, there is no absolutely safe mode of transport. However, humanity will never be able to completely abandon transport. But do not despair and go to extremes, limiting yourself on trips and long journeys. Everything is not as sad as it might seem.

To determine the safest mode of transport, you need to turn to statistics. Interestingly, the safest, according to research, is air transport. This fact causes surprise and distrust in most people. This is partly due to the large size of the aircraft themselves. In the case of a plane crash, a large number of people die, and the scale of the tragedy seems enormous. However, in reality this is not the case at all. The organization of flights is approached with great responsibility and caution. Airport screening is always carried out. Aircraft must undergo a technical inspection (before each flight!). If we analyze the statistics for the year, we can see that many more people die in car accidents. In Russia, more than 35,000 people die in one year. The ratio of deaths in air crashes and car accidents is 1:1000.

Airplanes are getting safer. Due to technical malfunctions, accidents (fortunately!) happen less and less. In overcrowded cities, where the roads are congested, the chance of getting into an accident increases. However, many (nearly 85% of the population) continue to think that planes are more dangerous. Fear of flying leads to the development of aerophobia. It is hard to fight it, and to convince a person that the plane is the most safe means, almost impossible. However, the facts show the opposite. More people die on the roads in 4 days than in 10 years of flying.

One of the most reliable and safe aircraft is the Boeing-737. If we consider the average frequency of flights, we can say that every second there are about 1250 Boeing aircraft in the air. The accident rates are as follows: for two million sorties (possibly) 1 aircraft. Indeed, the reliability is high! Moreover, the chances of surviving in the event of a plane crash are much greater than in any other accident. This is confirmed by studies conducted in the United States: out of 53,487 people, 51,207 survived as a result of air crashes. In the event of a splashdown, the chances of survival increase by 50%. The next safest modes of transport after the aircraft are water transport and rail.

All data and facts indicate that the safest is still the plane. Do not be afraid of flights and refuse them, thereby depriving yourself of the opportunity to see new countries, to know the beauties of the world and broaden your horizons. Experienced pilots and teams are doing everything to ensure flight safety.