Munich is the capital. Population of Munich: size, ethnic composition
What is the best city in Germany? It's not so easy to figure it out. Berlin is fun, poor and nostalgic for the Soviet Union. Frankfurt is boring, there are few skyscrapers and crowds of plankton in suits. Hamburg is a port city and there are many interesting projects going on there. That leaves Munich! It is the most expensive city in Germany and consistently ranks among the cities with the highest standard of living. Dozens of centuries-old breweries operate in Munich, and the legendary Oktoberfest takes place right there. Munich is a research center in Germany, one of the largest libraries in Europe, serious universities and a nuclear research reactor are located here. The headquarters of the company, the museum and the functional center of BMW are located in Munich. The museum exhibits cars, motorcycles, engines and everything else that the company produced in the 1910s to the present day. And also Munich great amount architectural monuments and museums, the city also has one of the largest city parks in the world.
So, meet - Munich, the best city in Germany!
01. Central square and metro entrance 
02. In general, I don’t really like tourist places. So I spent the whole day wandering around the new residential areas of Munich, about which several posts. 
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04. In Munich, as in good city, there is a cool tram! 
05. Tram is one of the main ways to get around Munich. He began working here on October 21, 1876. At first, trams were horse-drawn, but from 1883 horses began to be replaced by steam-powered cars. And in 1886, electric trams appeared on the Munich streets. 
06. In 1972, Munich hosted Olympic Games, and by this date the network has been significantly expanded in the city public transport. From now on, the inhabitants of the city rode the metro and city trains, and their development had a bad effect on the tram traffic. 
07. Tram routes closed until the 1990s, and in 1991 the city council adopted a plan to modernize the tram network. They laid new lines where they were really needed, launched low-floor trams and made night routes. Then the trams began to gain popularity again. 
08. Tram lines are still being built and extended. With the help of trams, the authorities reduce the noise level produced by buses and reduce traffic jams. In addition, as an experiment, wireless trams powered by lithium-ion batteries are running in Munich. 
09. Stop 
10. Some scoundrel left Tesla on the sidewalk! 
11. Convenient for parking in the center 
12. Or Smart. 
13. A new bike rental has appeared in Munich! 
14. The MVG Rad system was launched last October and is operated by the Munich Transport Company. In order to use bicycles, you need to download mobile app. After registration, you select the desired bike on the map, and then you receive a pin code that unlocks it. 
15. By the end of 2016, 125 bicycle stations are planned to be located in the city. 
16. A minute to use a bicycle costs 8 cents. You can buy an annual subscription, it costs 48 euros and gives you the right to ride for 30 minutes every day for free. Unused free minutes can be transferred to other days, and if you roll them back, then the subsequent time will be estimated at 5 cents per minute. 
17. Parking in the center. 
18. Bike lanes are separated by trees. 
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20. Please note that bicycles are not chained. They don't steal here. And this is despite the fact that, according to Channel One, migrants rob and rape Germans 24 hours a day. 
21. Personal electric transport is developing rapidly. 
22. A cool footboard for a motorcycle. I need to put this on my bike. Don't know where they sell? 
23. Beach 
24. Cherry costs about 700 rubles per kilogram. Currant - about 500 rubles. Strawberries - more than 200 rubles. Raspberries - about 360 rubles. And blackberries - about 300 rubles. 
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30. Improvement 
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The capital of Bavaria, the city of Munich, is not inferior in popularity among tourists to Berlin and Cologne. Not only is a huge number of architectural monuments concentrated here, but also the most interesting events, among which the central place belongs to the immortal beer holiday Oktoberfest. In addition, a major European opera festival has been held here since 1875.
Stroll through the ornate city squares and breathe in the Christmas atmosphere, visit the grandiose Bavarian castles and plunge headlong into a raid on old German restaurants - all this can be done by a traveler who goes to Munich. In addition, the capital of Bavaria is a very prosperous and prosperous city. This is perfect place for quality shopping.
The best hotels and hostels at affordable prices.
from 500 rubles/day
What to see and where to go in Munich?
The most interesting and beautiful places for walking. Photos and a short description.
The central square of Munich, where any a tourist route. In the Middle Ages, knightly tournaments were held here and a fish market was open. Marienplatz became main square since the founding of the city. Here are the most significant sights, popular restaurants, shops, food market. The square is always busy and quite crowded.
Neo-Gothic building on Marienplatz. The town hall was built in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries, although it seems that it is already several hundred years old. In 1874, the City Council moved here from the Old Town Hall. In order to make room for construction, about 30 residential buildings of the townspeople were demolished. The town hall is crowned with an 85-meter tower with a spire; the facade is decorated with figures of famous and significant personalities for German history.
A much more modest and ancient building than the New Town Hall. The first mention of it is found in the sources of the XIV century, but it is believed that it was erected in the XV century. The predominant building style is Gothic, with the addition of later Renaissance architectural elements. Now the Toy Museum is located in the Old Town Hall. As a result of the bombing of World War II, the building was damaged, and a new spire had to be installed on the main tower.
The palace complex, which was founded in the second half of the XVII century. It was used as the residence of the ancient Bavarian Wittelsbach dynasty. The park surrounding the palace buildings is spread over an area of 200 hectares. The splendor and beauty of the interior decoration of Nymphenburg can be compared with the legendary "fabulous" Neuschweinstein castle. The descendants of the Wittelsbachs still live in the part of the palace that is closed to tourists.
Hunting castle of the 15th century, erected at the request of Duke Albrecht III. The story of the duke's unhappy love is connected with Blutenburg. Against the will of his father, he secretly married a commoner and settled with her in the castle. The father tricked his son out of the fortress, and in his absence ordered to throw the unfortunate beloved into the river. Albrecht eventually forgave his father, and a chapel was erected in honor of the innocently ruined girl.
The palace was founded by Duke William V at the end of the 16th century. Then it was a small mansion, which the ruler used for privacy. His son Maximilian I rebuilt the estate to his liking and turned it into a palace. The Schleissheim complex includes three palaces built at different times and a vast park area. Johann Gump, Giovanni Trubillio and Francesco Rosa worked on the interior painting.
The complex of buildings in the central part of Munich, which is considered one of the largest in Europe. It was erected over five centuries and finally completed only in the 19th century. The Munich Residence is the official residence of the rulers of Bavaria from the Wittelsbach dynasty. It includes: a museum occupying more than 100 halls, 10 palaces, a theater and concert hall.
Munich Catholic Cathedral main tower 99 meters high. According to city law, it is forbidden to erect buildings higher than the Frauenkirche (this is a temporary decision, adopted in 2004 at a popular vote). They worked on the construction of the temple in the XIV-XV centuries. It was supposed to accommodate 20 thousand parishioners, although the population of the city in those centuries was only 13 thousand people.
The temple arose on the initiative of two Azam brothers, who were architects, sculptors and painters at the same time. This is one of the few historical sights that the Wittelsbach dynasty did not have a hand in. The brothers planned to use the church as a home chapel, but later, at the insistence of the people, it was open to everyone.
The temple is one of the most revered and ancient in the city. It arose in the 8th century as a small wooden monastery on the initiative of the monks of the Tegernsee Monastery. In the 11th century, the church was rebuilt in the Romanesque style. After a fire in 1327, a new building in the Gothic style was born. In subsequent centuries, the church was rebuilt, expanded, elements of late Gothic and Rococo were added to the facade.
Main Opera theatre Munich, where one of the most respected musical groups in the world, the Bavarian State Orchestra, plays. The venue hosts the Munich Opera Festival. More than 300 performances are given here annually, leading performers are invited to play the main roles. The repertoire includes works by famous German composers and the best masterpieces of world opera art.
A unique museum that demonstrates the achievements of German technology and science. The expositions are placed on six thematic tiers: hydraulic engineering, shipping, mining, trackless transport, oil and gas, power machines. The museum contains unique samples of equipment, the only ones that have survived (that is, not destroyed at the request of the victorious countries) after two World Wars.
The exposition of the museum is dedicated to Bavarian history, culture, folk art. Items made of porcelain, wood, silver, fabric and other materials are collected here. As well as significant collections of weapons, heraldic symbols, jewelry. A special pride of the museum is the collection of nativity scenes. The collection is housed in a historic baroque building with hundreds of interior spaces, passages and galleries.
Bavaria is the birthplace of the world-famous BMW car. It was here that the first factories for the production of aircraft were located, which after the First World War were retrained into automobile ones. Thus, a recognizable brand was born. In the museum you can see the products of the company from its very foundation. Many interesting and rare retro models of the last century are exhibited there.
Museum of Ancient Sculpture, which contains works of Roman and Greek masters from the 17th century BC. by the 5th century. Both originals and copies of statues, bas-reliefs, busts that have not survived to our time are exhibited here. The exposition is located in 13 halls. Here you can see statues of the mythical Hephaestus, Daedalus, Pericles and other characters. Most of the collection was collected by King Ludwig I.
The collective name of a group of art galleries and museums, which houses a collection of paintings from the 14th century to modern times, as well as collections of modern and applied art. The Alte Pinakothek houses expositions of masters of the 14th-18th centuries. In Novaya - you can look at works of art of the XIX-XX centuries. The Pinakothek der Moderne exhibits collections from the 20th and 21st centuries.
The museum is located outside the city limits of Munich near the town of Dachau on the site of a former concentration camp. All people objectionable to the Nazi regime were driven here for execution. For 12 years of existence, tens of thousands of people were killed in the camp. The museum was organized at the request of the former prisoners of the camp in 1965. Little is left of the buildings of the Second World War, but this place strikes with an ominous and oppressive atmosphere.
In 1972, Munich hosted the next Summer Olympic Games. Since those times, there has been a park (a territory with Olympic facilities), which the locals use for recreation and walks. The former facilities are operated as sports training bases, and major social and cultural events are still held here. It should be noted that thanks to the Games, the city has changed and become more comfortable.
The stadium built for the start of the 2006 FIFA World Cup. It belongs to the Munich club Bayern Munich. It hosted the Champions League final in 2011/12. The Allianz Arena is located in the Frettmaning Heath. The building is called a real miracle of modern architectural art. At the entrance to the stadium, the fans are breathtaking from the sight of this grandiose structure.
The famous beer festival, where all fans of the foamy drink strive to get. Dozens of producers set up their tents at Oktoberfest, where countless liters of beer are drunk, kilograms of sausages and pork knuckles are eaten. The festival has existed since 1810, for two centuries it has become a real symbol of Bavaria and organically blended into cultural traditions. Traditionally, the head of the Bavarian government drinks the first mug of beer at the opening.
One of the oldest beer restaurants, which opened its doors to the first visitors at the beginning of the 17th century. At first, the court brewery was located here. The large halls of the establishment can simultaneously accommodate up to 4 thousand visitors. Hofbräuhaus has a flexible pricing policy, so every tourist can afford to try different varieties of excellent beer and enjoy German cuisine.
Central City Market, real paradise for gourmets and connoisseurs of excellent products. There are about 140 shops here, which have been owned by the same families for many years. The place in the market is inherited. Viktualienmarkt is bought mainly by wealthy Munich residents and tourists, as the prices for products are quite high. At the same time, the products are always of excellent quality.
Landscape park with a layout in strict geometric proportions. It was founded under Maximilian I at the beginning of the 17th century, but in the Second world war was completely destroyed. The park was carefully and scrupulously restored according to old drawings and sketches, while elements of English park art of the 19th century were added. Hofgarten is the realm of neat alleys, flower beds, manicured lawns and picturesque fountains.
A city park popular with locals and visited by thousands of people every day. Here you can ride a bike and a board in specially designated areas, as well as order a horse ride or just walk. The park stretches from the center to the northern part of Munich for 5.5 km. In summer, numerous lawns are filled with people - they sunbathe, have picnics or just take a nap under the shade of trees.
The zoo is considered one of the best in Europe. Like many modern zoos, it is built on the principle of natural natural park, that is, conditions are created for animals that are as close as possible to natural ones. The biological diversity of Hellabrunn is impressive - more than 750 species of animals and about 20 thousand individuals. The zoo is popular, it is visited by 1.8 million people annually.
Charles Square (Karlsplatz)
They call her Stachus (Stachus). This is one of the busiest squares in the city. To the northwest of it is the Palace of Justice (Justizpalast, 1897), behind it - the Old Botanical Garden (Alter Botanischer Garden). Next to the square is the Brunnenbuberl fountain with a figure of a satyr (Brunnenbuberl, Art Nouveau). Closing the Charles Gate Square (Karlstor)- one of the three old gates preserved in the city. They were named so in 1791 in honor of Elector Karl Theodor. On the gates there are images of four characters of urban folklore.
Church of St. Michael (St. Michaelskirche)
The church was built in the 16th century. at the behest of Duke Wilhelm V of Wittelsbach. The entrance to the cathedral is guarded by the figure of St. Michael, fighting the evil of the world. Many of the Wittelsbachs, including the famous Ludwig II, are buried in the family crypt of the cathedral. His sarcophagus takes center stage.
Next to the cathedral is the fountain of R. Strauss (Richard Strauss Brunnen). (There are more than 700 fountains in Munich!)
Pay attention to the Cathedral Civic Hall (Burgersal, 1710) Where is the grave of Rupert Meyer (lower floor of the church)- a Jesuit priest who had the courage to speak in his sermons against Hitler. The second floor is in baroque style. Near it is the building of the Old Academy (Alte Academy, 1597).
On New House Street (Neuhauserstrasse) you can admire many beautiful buildings, the gables of which are decorated with bas-reliefs and sculptural groups. Mimes, clowns, musicians, singers perform here. There are many shops here (among them a large department store "Karstadt"), shops with Bavarian souvenirs and restaurants in the national style.
Cathedral of Our Lady (Frauenkirche)
Cathedral (Sat-Wed 7.00-19.00, Thu 7.00-20.30, Fri 7.00-18.00) built in 1468-1488. architect Jörg von Halspach in the late Gothic style. two towers (98 and 99 m) crowned with onion-shaped domes, which have become one of the symbols of Munich. The length of the cathedral is 100 m, the width is about 45 m, it can accommodate about 10 thousand people. This is almost the same number as lived in Munich in the Middle Ages. 46 representatives of the Wittelsbach dynasty are buried in the crypt of the cathedral.
Climbing the south tower of the cathedral (April - October Mon-Sat 10.00-17.00), you can admire the panorama of the city from a bird's eye view and, if you're lucky, see the Alps in the distance.
New Town Hall (Neu Rathaus)
New town hall (architect G. I. von Hauberrisser, 1867-1908), towering on Mary's Square, is a masterpiece of neo-Gothic style. To her tower (height 85 m) the famous chimes are built in. Two episodes from the history of Munich are reproduced on a two-story decorated balcony. On one - mechanical figures show the wedding of Duke William V with Renata of Lorraine, followed by a jousting tournament (1568) , on the other - they perform the dance of coopers after the end of the plague epidemic in 1517. The performances are held under bell ringing (daily 11.00, summer 12.00, 17.00, 21.00).
In the evenings in the windows of the seventh floor you can see other figures: a night watch with lanterns and a guardian angel with a Munich baby (winter 19.30, summer 21.30).
You can climb up to the third tier of the town hall tower and admire the square from a height of 85 m (Mon-Thu 9.00-16.00, Fri 9.00-13.00).
Mary's Square (Marienplatz)
Mary's Square is the central one in the city. One of the most beautiful places Munich! Life never stops here, except perhaps late at night. The square is decorated with the column of Mary (Marinensaule, 1638), on which rises the gilded figure of the patron saint of the city. The column was erected in memory of the expulsion of the Swedish troops in the Thirty Years' War. On the base of the column, angels fight with allegorical figures (dragon, lion, snake, basilisk) depicting the numerous misfortunes of the townspeople: plague, war, famine and heresy.
old town hall
Facade of the Old Town Hall (architect J. Ganghofer, 1470-1474) made in the Gothic style. It houses one of the most beautiful Gothic halls in Germany and hosts the Toy Museum. (Spielzeugmuseum; daily 10.00-17.30).
South of the square is the Church of St. Peter (St. Peter; Mon-Sat 9.00-18.00, Sun, holidays 10.00-18.00) - the oldest parish church in the city (XIV century). So observation deck on the church tower (almost 300 steps) offers a wonderful view of the city and - with favorable weather conditions- to the Alps.
Near the Cathedral of the Holy Spirit (Heiliggeistkirche, 1392, rebuilt 1725). To the south of the cathedral is the city's food market - Viktualienmarkt (Viktualienmarkt, 7.00-18.00). There are always fruits and vegetables, meat and various spices. From here, according to tradition, the Munich carnival processions begin.
Court Brewery (Hofbrauhaus - HB)
The brewery was founded in 1592 by William V Wittelsbach to provide beer for "the court and the mob" and so that "the costs do not outweigh the pleasure." Placed it on the territory of the Old Court. Wilhelm V loved dark beer, and at first only this was brewed here - Hofbrau Dunkel. Brewery in two steps (in 1607 and 1809) was transferred to Am Platzl, where the Hofbrauhaus restaurant, the oldest in the city, is currently located. The status of the royal court brewery received in 1806, when Bavaria became a kingdom. The building that we see today was opened after a general reconstruction in 1897. V. I. Lenin and N. K. Krupskaya visited here, who wrote that in the Hofbrauhaus "excellent beer erases all class contradictions." In the spring of 1919, the Bavarian Soviet Republic was declared in the Hofbrauhaus, and then, after its fall, Hitler repeatedly spoke here at Nazi meetings. The restaurant can accommodate up to 3,000 people: the building has three floors and a summer beer yard ("biergarten"). More than 10 thousand liters of beer are drunk here every day.
Old Courtyard (Alter Hof)
The old courtyard, built in 1253-1255, is the first city residence of the Bavarian dukes, in which they settled from the 13th to the second half of the 14th century.
Residence
The residence is one of the oldest and most impressive historical monuments Bavaria. During World War II, it was badly damaged. Many valuables were taken to a safe place in advance.
Inspection is carried out individually and with excursions (daily April - October 20 9.00-18.00, October 21 - March 10.00-18.00; closed: December 24-25; December 31 - January 1). Treasury of the Wittelsbachs (Schaftzkammer) occupies ten halls on the first floor of the Royal Palace (Koenigsbau), designed by architect L. von Klenze. Works of art of late antiquity and the Middle Ages, gothic and renaissance, baroque and classicism are presented. Pay attention to the golden cyborium (sanctuary with altar) King of the East Franks Arnulf of Carinthia (890) , Queen Gisela Cross (1006) , the crown of the English queen (1370) and an elegant gilded equestrian figurine of the knight of St. George, decorated with precious stones (1599) by Friedrich Sustris.
To the left of the entrance to the Royal Palace there are six Nibelungen Halls, the walls of which are decorated with huge colorful canvases with episodes of The Legend of the Nibelungen. The ground floor also houses the Gallery of Ancestors. (Ahnengalerie, Rococo, 17th century), which presents 121 portraits of the rulers of Bavaria and their relatives up to 1913, among them a portrait of Charlemagne. The ceiling of the gallery is richly decorated with gilded stucco.
The oldest parts of the Residence include a huge Antique Hall (Antiquarium) located in the central part of the architectural ensemble. The Antiquarium was built in 1571 during the reign of Duke Albrecht V (1550-1579) . On the first floor there was a collection of antiques, on the second - a library. Only the walls remained of this luxurious building after the Second World War. Only the first floor has been restored, where almost 300 ancient busts lined up under an arched vault - most of the sculptural works from the collection of Albrecht V.
The large imperial courtyard and the buildings surrounding it along the perimeter were founded at the beginning of the 17th century. The premises were intended for temporary visits of the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. It is interesting to visit the Stone Rooms decorated with pink marble (Steinzimmer), see the Imperial staircase (Kaisertreppe) 34 m long and the Imperial Hall (Kaisersaal, 34 x 15 x 10 m), decorated with unique tapestries on the themes of the Old Testament, ancient history and paintings symbolizing the Monarchy, Wisdom and Glory.
The Imperial Residence Complex currently also houses the State Collection of Egyptian Art. (Sammlung Agyptischer Kunst; Tue-Fri 9.00-17.00, Thu 9.00-21.00, Sat, Sun 10.00-17.00)- one of the best in the world.
The Residence complex also includes the luxurious Cuville Theater (Cuvillies Theatre, Rococo, 1751-1755). The author of the project is the court architect Francois de Cuvilliers (1695-1768) .
It is also interesting to see the luxurious State Apartments, the walls of which are covered with beautiful ornaments made of gilded palm leaves, the Battle Halls (Schlachtensalle), where canvases on battle themes are exhibited, the Courtyard with a grotto (Grottenhof) and the palace church of All Saints (Allerheiligen-Hofkirche, architect L. von Klenze, 1837)- surprisingly light, saturated with "sunny mood" structure. In all rooms you can only take pictures without a flash.
The residence should be visited by every tourist coming to Munich!
Maximilian Street starts from Max-Joseph-Platz (Maximilianstrasse)- Munich Broadway. There are theaters, cafes and restaurants, shops, boutiques of leading fashion houses.
Cathedral of the Order of Theatines (Theatinerkirche)
In the architecture of the cathedral (architects A. Barelli, E. Zukalli, F. Cuvillier, 1663-1767), decorating the Odeonsplatz, you can feel the Italian influence (especially baroque towers), the height of the dome of the church - 71 m. In the cathedral - the tomb of the Wittelsbachs.
Nearby is the Pavilion of Generals (Feldherrnhalle, 1844), built in memory of military leaders Johann Tserklas Tilly (1559-1632) , who commanded the troops of the Catholic League in the Thirty Years' War, and Karl Philipp von Wrede (1767- 1838) who led the Bavarian troops in the war with France (1813- 1814) .
In 1923 here at the Odeonsplatz (Odeonsplatz), there was a clash between the Nazis and the police during the "beer" coup. In memory of the fallen policemen, a memorial plate was mounted on the building to the left of the Hall of Generals.
Praising Palace (Preysing Palais, sumptuous rococo façade, 1728)- shopping arcade. Ludwig Street branching off Odeonsplatz to the north (Ludwigstrasse) built up with buildings in the style of classicism.
Court Garden (Hofgarten)
To the left will be an arcade gallery with a wall painted with historical themes. In the center is an octagonal pavilion (1615) , surmounted by a symbolic bronze figure of Bavaria. Around flower beds, fountains, comfortable benches. In the background, on the north side, next to the Hofgraben canal, is the modern building of the Bavarian State Chancellery (Bayerische Staatskanzlei, 1989-1993).
University. Ludwig Maximilian (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat)
The university is located on Scholl Brother and Sister Square (Geschwister Scholl-Platz). It was founded in 1472 in Ingolstadt. At the beginning of the XVIII century. transferred to Landshut, and from there in 1826 to Munich. The university is widely known in the world for its outstanding research in the field of chemistry. Such well-known scientists as J. Liebig, A. Bayer and others worked here. The university gave the world 12 Nobel Prize winners. He is the best in Germany. About 4000 employees work here (of which 700 professors), 47 thousand students study at 16 faculties, approximately one in five is a foreigner.
During the days of Hitler's dictatorship, the underground organization "White Rose" operated at the university. It was headed by students - brother and sister Hans and Sophia Scholl. They were executed by guillotine in the Gestapo in February 1943. One of the leaflets against the National Socialists came to the British. It was reproduced in 1.5 million copies with the signature: "German leaflet - the manifesto of the Munich students" - and dropped from aircraft into Germany. So Munich, where German fascism was born, became a hotbed of resistance to it. The leaflets that Hans and Sophia Scholl scattered around the university are now permanently reproduced on the pavement at the main entrance. In the lobby - a small Museum of the organization "White Rose" (Mon-Fri 10.00-16.00, Thu 10.00-21.00, admission is free).
Victory Arch (Siegestor)
The arch was erected under Ludwig I in honor of the Bavarian army (1852) . It is adorned with a quadriga of lions ruled by Bavaria.
Museums in Munich
Old Pinakothek (Alte Pinakothek)
Located in a building built in the Venetian Renaissance style (architect Leo von Klenze, 1826-1836). It was based on the personal art collection of the Wittelsbachs, which Ludwig I decided to make available "to his people for pleasure and instruction." The most famous and most visited museum in the city! About 9000 works are stored here (XIV-XVIII centuries). Among them: Leonardo da Vinci's Madonna and Child, Rembrandt's Descent from the Cross, El Greco's Soldiers Rip Christ's Clothes, Titian's Portrait of Charles V in an Armchair, Pieter Brueghel the Elder's Land of Plenty. The collection of the Pinakothek contains paintings by German and Dutch artists of the 15th-16th centuries, Dutch, Flemish and Italian masters of the 17th century. The famous Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens is very fully represented.
Barerstrasse, 27. Open: Tue 10.00-20.00, Wed-Sun 10.00-18.00; closed: Mon and 1, 5 January, 24, 25, 31 December.
New Pinakothek (Neue Pinakothek)
The works of Goya, Delacroix, Gauguin, Toulouse-Lautrec are presented. There are Impressionist paintings, including the famous "Sunflowers" by Van Gogh and "Breakfast on the Grass" by Manet.
Barerstrasse, 29. Open: Mon 10.00-20.00. Wed-Sun 10.00-18.00; closed: emu 1, 5 January, 24, 25, 31 December.
Museums on the Royal Square (Konigsplatz)
Royal Square is one of the most impressive in the city. It is surrounded on all sides by buildings and museums built in the classical style. Having been here, you will understand why Munich has earned one of its names - "Athens on the Isar".
Propylaea (Propylaen, architect Leo von Klenze, 1846-1860)- a monument to the union of Bavaria and Greece - were built on the model of the Athenian Acropolis.
Museum "Antique collections" (Antikensammlung) located to the right of the colonnade (if you stand with your back to her). Here is the best collection of antique vases in the world (IV-V centuries BC). Open: Tue-Sun 10.00-17.00, Wed 10.00-20.00.
Glyptothek (Glyptothek, architect Leo von Klenze, 1816-1830)- Museum of ancient sculpture - located on the left. This is one of the oldest museums in Munich, the first museum in Europe to open to the public. The collection of ancient sculpture collected by Ludwig I of Bavaria is presented. Here you can see works covering the period from the VI century. BC e. until the 4th c. n. e. A small cozy cafe is located in the amazing patio, made in the classical style. Open: 10.00-16.30, Thu 12.00-20.30, Mon closed.
Villa Lenbach (Lenbachhaus)
AT beautiful building in the Florentine style, the works of the masters of painting of Munich of the 15th-20th centuries are collected. Here is the largest collection of expressionist artists of the Blue Rider group in the world. (1911) , including V. Kandinsky. Branch - gallery Kunstbau (Kunstbau)- there is contemporary art. Entrance via U2 Konigsplatz underground station, Luisenstrasse 33. Open: 10.00-18.00, closed on Mon.
Deutsches Museum
German Museum- the largest museum in the world dedicated to science and technology. Amazing collection! Somewhere deep underground, there is a drilling rig and a coal mine; it is easy to get lost in its countless drifts, if there are no signs. In the basement - real submarines, at the entrance level - ships and ground crews, even higher - aircraft, right under the ceiling - spaceships. Almost all cars are authentic, they are shown in development: from the first samples to modern models. In the museum you can see the very first steam engines, locomotives, cars. Schoolchildren are mesmerized by the model Railway, chemical reactions taking place right there, the offices of famous scientists with wax figures and ancient instruments. To see everything, you need more than one day: on a huge area - 45 thousand m² - there are 17 thousand objects! The creator of this miracle is engineer Oscar von Miller. The museum has a "Forum of Technology", dedicated mainly to space exploration, and the most modern planetarium in the world - up to 9000 stars, the solar system and much more.
m. S1 to the stop "Isartor", tram number 17, 18 to the stop "Deutsches Museum". Open: daily 9.00-17.00
BMW Museum (BMW-Museum)
The museum is located next to the "four cylinders" - the headquarters of the automobile concern "BMW" ("Bayerische Motoren Werke"). The exposition is presented on several floors. From the upper platforms you can see the exhibits located on the lower levels. Near each stand there is a connector where you can plug in the issued headphones. The exposition presents not only various brands of cars, but also motorcycles, aircraft engines, aircraft. You can see, for example, the Isetta, a car of the early 20th century that had to be entered from the front instead of the side, or the open BMW-507 Roadster, Elvis Presley's favorite car. Films about BMW are periodically shown in the cinema hall. On simulator stands, you can "ride" around Munich using the company's navigation system. For tourist groups, excursions are organized both to the concern itself - to the Four Cylinders, and to the BMW factories in Munich, Regensburg and Ingolstadt.
m. U2 and U3 to the station "Olympia-Zentrum", Petuelring, 130. Open: daily 10.00-20.00
Beer Festival (Oktoberfest)
This main and most famous celebration of the city traces its history back to the wedding of Crown Prince Ludwig Wittelsbach (later King Ludwig I) and Princess Teresa of Saxony-Hildburghaus, which took place in Munich on October 12-17, 1810. Drinks and food were put up for all the townspeople. 40 thousand people gathered. The merry celebration became traditional, and the meadow was named after the bride.
Nowadays, every year, on the penultimate Saturday of September, at exactly noon, the burgomaster of the city, with a huge confluence of people, with the words: "Oh" zapft is "!" ("The cork went and the beer poured!") opens a barrel of beer. The first mug is received by the Prime Minister of Bavaria. On this holiday in a meadow equal to 55 football fields, put up huge pavilions filled with tables and benches. They are filled with the audience, singing songs, swinging on the benches and even dancing on the tables. At least 5 million people come to Oktoberfest. The holiday is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest beer festival in the world. At one Oktoberfest, visitors drank 5.8 million liters of beer, ate 120 bulls, 500,000 sausages and 2 million Bavarian "bretzels" - ruddy pretzels sprinkled with salt.
Numerous attractions operate around the beer pavilions, the Ferris wheel is spinning, screams and squeals are heard from the roller coaster, music is playing.
City Munich is the capital of the federal state of Bavaria and administrative district Upper Bavaria, it is located in the southern part of Germany, on the Isar River. Bavaria differs from the rest of Germany in its special atmosphere, exuding freedom and cordiality, and Munich is the focus of this atmosphere. The city conquers visiting tourists with its original culture, cheerful festivities and ancient buildings that reflect the grandeur and luxury of the former empire. People come to Munich to meet rich history this glorious city, walk through its chic palaces and wonderful parks, and, of course, taste Bavarian branded beer at the famous Oktoberfest.
The name of Munich, according to official version, comes from the Old High German word "munichen", which means "monk" in translation. The city began to be called so in the 8th century, when the monks from the neighboring Sheftlarn monastery decided to build a settlement on Petra's hill, and it was then that the early history of Munich began. In 1175, its first city walls were built around Munich. The city grew rapidly and, starting from 1806, it was given the status of the capital of the Kingdom of Bavaria. The prosperous existence of the inhabitants of Munich lasted until 1916, when the first bombs were dropped on the city. After the end of the First World War, Munich was still restless, and in 1923 the discontent of the radical townspeople resulted in the Beer Putsch, during which Hitler's supporters made an unsuccessful attempt at a coup d'état. Despite this, during the Second World War, there were many anti-Nazi citizens in Munich, as a result of which the city became a hotbed of German non-military resistance, it was here that the headquarters of the underground organization "White Rose" was located.
At the end of World War II, Munich was badly damaged, having been bombed 71 times during the war years. Over time, the city authorities decided to start a project to restore the historical center of Munich, and as a result of the work done, now Munich can again boast an abundance of monuments of ancient architecture.
The total area of Munich is just over 310 sq. km, the urban population is approaching 1.5 million people. Administrative division Munich has 25 districts.
How to get to Munich
By plane
Munich international Airport named after Franz Josef Strauss serves flights of such well-known companies as AirBerlin, Star Alliance, Lufthanza, S7, Germanwings, Germania Express and Aeroflot. Munich Airport ranks second in Germany in terms of the number of passengers served. Munich International Airport is located at a distance of 28 kilometers from the city center. Regular daily flights connect the capital of Bavaria with Moscow, St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg. You can get from Munich Airport to the city center by bus, taxi or high-speed train.
Tickets to MunichBy train
Munich's main railway station, located in the city center, is also the second largest in Germany in terms of the number of passengers. It serves international trains to most European countries.
By bus
The central bus station in Munich accepts bus services of both international and regional destinations. Munich Central Bus Station is located near the Main railway station. The bus station building has a well-thought-out layout and futuristic design.
Climate of Munich
Munich is located in the temperate continental climate zone, the city tends to experience relatively mild winters with low rainfall, while warm but rainy weather prevails in summer. average temperature in the summer months it stays at the level of 20-23 degrees Celsius, the average winter temperature ranges from +1 to -2 degrees.
Munich transport
The city transport infrastructure is represented by buses, trams, electric trains and the subway. The S-Bahn in Munich is a fairly popular form of public transport, as it allows you to quickly get to almost anywhere in the city or the surrounding area. The subway in Munich consists of 8 lines, along which there are about a hundred stations. Tariffs for tickets in all types of urban transport differ depending on the number of tariff zones crossed, of which there are four in the city. The easiest way for a visiting tourist in Munich is to buy a Munchen City Card, thanks to which free travel around the city is possible and discounts are provided.
Excursions and tours in Munich
Culture of Munich
Those who like to spend time in museums will definitely like Munich - there are several excellent museums here, where you can learn a lot of useful knowledge and broaden your horizons. One of the most famous art galleries in the world, the Alte Pinakothek contains over 700 paintings by famous German and foreign masters, including paintings by El Greco, Rubens and Leonardo da Vinci. Also in Munich there is a very informative museum dedicated to technology and natural sciences.
Things to Do in Munich
Without a doubt, the most popular entertainment in Munich, for which whole crowds of tourists come here every year, is Oktoberfest, the number one beer festival in the world. The holiday begins at the end of September and lasts about two weeks. During Oktoberfest, you can not only taste the product of the Munich breweries, but also ride one of the rides that are always present at the festival. The Oktoberfest celebration traditionally begins in the center of Munich, and then moves on to Theresa Meadow, named after Princess Theresa, to whom this festival actually owes its origin.
When is the best time to visit Munich?
As a rule, tourists come to Munich for the winter holidays, or in mid-autumn, for the Oktoberfest. It is also worth visiting Munich at the end of June, when the city hosts the Munich Opera Festival.
Munich (German München) is a city on the Isar River in southern Germany, in the federal state of Bavaria. Free city (German: kreisfreie Stadt), which is also the capital of Bavaria.
The population of Munich is 1,394,716 (2011). Thus he is largest city Bavaria and the third city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg.
Munich is home to the government of Bavaria, the government of the region of Upper Bavaria, and the government of the Munich district.
Munich is famous for its brewing traditions. There are many breweries in the city, of which 6 are large, supplying beer to the world-famous Oktoberfest (German: Oktoberfest) - a festival of beer, pretzels, fried chickens and carousels, held annually in late September - early October on Theresienwiese Meadow (German: Theresienwiese) .
The central square of the city is Marienplatz (German: Marienplatz), in the area of which many attractions are located, such as the Frauenkirche (German: Frauenkirche), the largest church in Munich, which is also a symbol of the city.
World famous Munich English park(German: Englischer Garten), one of the largest urban parks in the world, stretching from the city center to the very outskirts along the Isar.
Fine art lovers appreciate Munich's 3 Pinakotheks: the Old (German: Alte Pinakothek), the New (German: Neue Pinakothek) and the Pinakothek of Modernity (German: Pinakothek der Moderne). In addition, one of the world's largest collections of paintings from the Blue Rider movement is located in the Lenbachhaus (German: Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus). Also very famous is the Deutsches Museum (German: Deutsches Museum), one of the largest technical museums in Europe.
The history of Munich begins in the 8th century, when monks from the nearby Tegernsee Monastery settled on Peter's Hill (German: Petersbergl). Today, on the site of the settlement is the Church of St. Peter (German: Sankt-Peter-Kirche).
The city was first mentioned in documents in 1158 under the name Villa Munichen; however, already in 1175 Munich was given the status of a city and city walls were erected.
In 1240, Munich passed into the possession of the Wittelsbach dynasty and, after the division of Bavaria in 1255, was their residence in Upper Bavaria until 1918. With the unification of Bavaria in 1507, Munich became its capital, and in 1806 - the capital of the Kingdom of Bavaria.
On October 17, 1810, on the occasion of the wedding of Crown Prince Ludwig (later King Ludwig I) and Princess Therese of Saxony-Hildburghaus, horse races were arranged, which marked the beginning of the annual Oktoberfest beer festival.
In 1916, during the First World War, the city was bombed for the first time: three French bombs fell on the city.
The post-war period became difficult for Munich: in November 1918, Ludwig III and his family fled the city, and after the assassination of the first Republican Prime Minister of Bavaria, Kurt Eisner, on April 13, 1919, the Bavarian Soviet Republic (leader Ernst Toller) was proclaimed in Munich, which on May 3 1919 was defeated by detachments of the Freikorps. After that, Bavaria became part of the Weimar Republic.
In 1923, the Beer Putsch took place in Munich, when Hitler's supporters attempted to carry out a coup; however, then the Weimar Republic withstood, and now a memorial plate on the Odeonsplatz (German: Odeonsplatz) reminds of this event. Hitler was arrested (later released early in 1924), and the Nazi Party, at that time practically unknown outside of Munich, was temporarily banned throughout Germany. Despite the events of 1923, Munich continued to be the capital of the NSDAP.
In 1934, Hitler dealt with his political opponents: according to the official data of the Nazi government alone, over 60 people were killed during the Night of the Long Knives (now this figure is considered underestimated). In 1935, Munich received from Hitler the honorary title of capital of the movement.
Munich became the site of the signing of the 1938 agreement between Germany, Italy, Great Britain and France (the Czechoslovak government was confronted with a fact and accepted the surrender), as a result of which part of the territory of Czechoslovakia passed to Germany, and Hitler gained de facto control over the rest of Czechoslovakia on condition of no advance farther. A year later, Georg Elser undertook failed attempt assassination of Hitler during the annual message in honor of the anniversary of the Beer putsch.
During the Second World War, Munich was bombed 71 times and was badly damaged. During the post-war reconstruction, it was decided to keep the original street layout.
In 1957, the population of Munich was over 1 million.
In 1972, the XX Summer Olympic Games were held in Munich, in preparation for which the city center was reconstructed, Olimpic village and metro, as well as significantly expanded transport network. Unfortunately, these games have gained notoriety due to the terrorist attack against the Israeli team.
Since 1962, the International Conference on Politics and Security has been held annually in Munich in the first ten days of February.
The new airport, named after the German politician Franz Josef Strauss, was opened in 1992 and is the second largest airport in Germany.
The basis of public transport in Munich is a network of fast trains (German: Schnellbahnnetz), consisting of the S-Bahn and the subway (U-Bahn). The S-Bahn network covers almost all areas of Munich radially, connecting in the city center with a tunnel (like the subway, it was built for the 1972 Olympics). In addition, the city has a developed network of bus and tram routes.
Munich, like most large German cities, forms a single tariff network with its nearest suburbs, while the Munich tariff network is divided into 4 zones and 16 rings. The fare depends, with some exceptions, not on the number of transfers and not on the modes of transport used for the trip, but only on the number of zones crossed.
One of the railway directorates of the Deutsche Bundesbahn was located in Munich.
Munich Main Station is the second German railway station in terms of passenger traffic after Hamburg Main Station, serving 350,000 passengers a day.
