Venice - the history of the city on the water. Venice - the one and only
Venice- a unique and original "city on the water". Legendary italian city It is also called the "Queen of the Adriatic", the "City of Romantics" or the "Museum of Palaces and Canals". Unique winding canals and countless graceful gondolas sliding along them, stunning curved bridges, delightful palaces, majestic churches and small houses, intricate labyrinths of narrow city streets, magnificent colorful carnivals - all this is the Italian "northern pearl" - Venice!
Venice is unlike any other city in Italy. Fairytale city famous, first of all, for the fact that its historical part is located on the islands and canals. Today Venice is one of the largest tourist and industrial centers of the country, the capital of the Veneto administrative region and the province of the same name. Every year 6-7 million tourists visit the city.
The city got its name from the Veneto region, and the region, in turn, was named from the ancient tribes of the Veneti, who inhabited these lands during the Roman Empire. The first settlement appeared here in the 5th century BC. From the 9th to the 16th centuries, Venice was a major center of trade between Western Europe and the East. In the Middle Ages, the city was the center of the Venetian Republic - one of the important states of the Mediterranean in those days. At the head of the republic was the ruler - the doge. In 1866, Venice became part of a united Italy.
Geographical position
An unusual city located in the eastern part Northern Italy on 118 sandy islands in the Venetian lagoon in the Adriatic Sea. Venice is protected from the sea by long sandbars, fortified in many places in the form of stone walls. FROM open sea The Venetian lagoon is connected by 3 navigable straits: Porto San Nicolò di Lido, Porto di Malamocco and Porto di Chiugia. These natural sluices ensure the exchange of water and the normal life of the Venetian lagoon, but they are also the reason for the penetration of storm waves that cause floods in the city.
The islands are separated by 150 channels and canals through which 400 openwork bridges. The city is connected to the mainland by a road bridge, the length of which is 4 kilometers. Venice covers an area of 415 sq. km.
Climate
In November-December, there are often rains and fogs, as well as a high probability of flooding. In winter, it is very cool here, with occasional frosts. average temperature in winter it is 2-3ᵒС. Between November and March, Venice is characterized by piercing Bora winds, and the streets are uncomfortable and damp. Summer is characterized by high humidity, and the thermometer reaches + 30ᵒС.
Population
The population of Venice is 270.4 thousand people. The national composition of the inhabitants of Venice is Italians and Venetians.
Transport
The uniqueness of Venice is that there are no cars or buses in it. You can get around the city either on foot or by water transport. The highlight of Venice is the numerous channels with "black swans" - gondolas, vaporetto trams (route boat), peoplemovers (reminiscent of funiculars), as well as romantic bridges and bridges over them.
In Venice there is a large sea port. Road and rail bridges connect Venice with the mainland. Cars are banned in Venice itself. Arriving in the city by car, it is left in the parking lot. On the shores of the lagoon is Venice Marco Polo Airport (Aeroporto di Venezia Marco Polo) (12.5 km from the city), Treviso Airport (Treviso) is located 30 km from Venice.
Districts of Venice
The legendary city is divided into two parts Grand Canal (Canal Grande) or Grand Canal . Curving in an S-shape, the canal passes through the central part of Venice along the old river bed. On both sides of the Grand Canal are three administrative districts of Venice (sestieri). Each quarter has a fabulous atmosphere and its own unique sights, differing from each other.
Venice consists of a unique historical center and an industrial-port mainland.
Island Venice is an amazing museum city, excellent seaside resort, the most popular center of international tourism. It is also an indispensable venue for world-class film festivals, art and architecture exhibitions, luxurious colorful carnivals, where audiences from all over the world gather.
Coastal Venice - this is the mainland, where the port part of the city is located, which includes the satellite cities of Marghera, Mestre, Fusina.
Lido Island (Lido di Venezia)
is a narrow and long part of Venice. The island is located between the Venetian Lagoon and the Adriatic Sea. The island is 11 km long and 1 km wide. The amazing Lido coast has wonderful beaches located in the north of the island, where thousands of amazing villas, beautiful apartments and dozens of luxurious luxury hotels flaunt. There is also the most famous Venice Casino in Europe, which can only be reached by water. on fashionable Italian resort Every year there is an international film festival.
Historic districts of Venice
The peculiar architecture of Venice has evolved over many centuries. Venice has never been rebuilt, so the city has managed to maintain its unchanged and unique medieval appearance. There are no cars or bicycles in this part of Venice, and water channels replace the streets.
Cannaregio (Cannaregio)
The Cannaregio district is located in the northern part of Venice. The area is named from Italian. the words "canne" and in translation means "reed". Cannaregio is the most densely populated area with over 20 thousand inhabitants. The Venice train station is located in this area. Here you can see the Venetian Ghetto and the Gothic temple of the Madonna dell'Orto.
San Polo
Small central District Venice is located between the districts of San Marco and Santa Croce. You can get to the right bank of the Grand Canal from the San Polo area by crossing the famous Rialto Bridge. The ancient district was named after the church of St. Paul of the same name, located on its territory. Since 1097, the area of the city has been known as the center of Venice's trade. The famous sights of San Polo include the Church of San Giacomo di Rialto (IX century), the Cathedral of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, the Church of San Rocco and the Scuola of St. Rocco. Also a significant attraction of the area is the Rialto Bridge.
Dorsoduro (Dorsoduro)
The southernmost area is located between the city center and the Venetian Lagoon. Also included in this area Giudecca island. The Dorsoduro area is located at a sufficient altitude above sea level. The name of the district translated from Italian means "backbone". From this quarter, along the Academy Bridge, you can get directly to the center - to San Marco. The western part of the quarter is famous for its art galleries, among which the well-known one is the Academy. You can visit the Peggy Guggenheim Museum, Piazza Santa Barnaba and Santa Margherita, as well as the Foscari Palace and Ca Rezzonico. In the eastern part of the district there are only residential buildings.
San Marco
The central area is named after the patron saint of Venice, Saint Mark. Most of the sights are concentrated in the most prestigious area, incl. the historic complex of San Marco, consisting of Piazza San Marco, the Cathedral of San Marco, the Library of San Marco, the Doge's Palace, the Loggetta, the Campanile, the Old and New Procurations, the Clock Tower and the Ala Napoleonic. Also in the area you can see other attractions: Palazzo Dandolo (XIV century), La Fenice Opera House, Palazzo Grassi (XVIII century), Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo and 9 churches. The territory of the Venetian district of San Marco also includes island of San Giorgio Maggiore.
Santa Croce
The western area, called the "holy cross", is located between the quarters of San Polo and Cannaregio. The sights of the area are several churches, the Fondaco dei Turchi Palace and the Ca Pesaro Palace. Piazzale Roma is the only car park and bus station in the island of Venice.
Castello
The largest area is located in the eastern part of the city. The name Castello comes from the ancient Roman castle, on the site of which the church of San Pietro di Castello currently stands. The ancient Arsenal, the shipyard where the famous Venetian galleys were built, divided the area into two parts. The eastern part is replete with luxurious gardens and beautiful parks, while the western part boasts amazing historical and architectural monuments: the Church of San Zaccaria and the Cathedral of Santi Giovanni e Paolo. Here is the Riva degli Schiavone promenade - favorite place tourists and local residents.
There are several other islands in the Venetian Lagoon that do not belong to urban areas.
Murano Island
located 1.5 km northeast of the island of Venice. Often this one major islands The Venetian lagoon (whose area is 1 sq. km) is called "little Venice". Since the 15th century, Murano has been famous throughout the world for its glass production. Guests of the island can watch the work of a Murano glass blower in the old style, and even buy a freshly made glass thing. The sights of the island are the Glass Museum, the Cathedral of Santi Maria e Donato and the church of San Pietro Martire.
small sparsely populated island of Torcello half the size of Murano. Founded in 452. In the XII century, the harbor of Torcello turned into a fetid swamp ("dead lagoon") and many left the island. Nowadays, no more than 60 fishermen live there. From medieval city little has survived - two modest palazzos (XIV century), the Romanesque Church of Santa Fosca (XII century) and the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta (864-867, rebuilt in 1008).
Burano - this small island fishermen (5 thousand inhabitants). Another craft of the locals is the weaving of wonderful lace. Often the island is called the "kingdom of lace". Burano is distinguished by picturesque brightly colored houses. On the island you can see wonderful palaces and Cathedral, and you can get acquainted with Venetian lace at the School-Museum of Lace Making.
Main Attractions
Venice is famous for its numerous delightful and unique historical places and amazing monuments of architecture and art. In terms of the number of beautiful cathedrals and churches per capita, Venice many times exceeds other European cities. 150 churches are located on a small area of the islands.
The "heart" of Venice is considered St. Mark's Square (Piazza San Marco) standing surrounded by unique buildings of the Renaissance.
Grandiose Doge's Palace sounds like italian Palazzo Ducale (Palazzo Ducale, IX-XIII centuries). The architecture of the Palace combines three styles: Gothic, Moorish and Renaissance. The luxurious palace impresses with its halls and the Doge's Chapel, luxuriously furnished and decorated with amazing paintings by Tintoretto, Veronese, Tiepolo. For several centuries, the Doge's Palace served as the seat of the Venetian government.
Fabulous Cathedral of San Marco is located in the center of Venice on Piazza San Marco. The building was built in the Byzantine style. The cathedral is famous for its extraordinary beauty and indescribable atmosphere. In 832, the first Basilica of San Marco was consecrated, which was destroyed by fire. A new basilica was built in its place in 1063. In the XIII century, after a fire, the church was restored again, and only in 1617 the Cathedral of San Marco acquired its current appearance. For a long time the cathedral was the Doge's Chapel. Since 1807, the famous cathedral became the residence of the Venetian patriarch.
The oldest building Bell tower or campanilla(Campanile di San Marco, IX century) is located opposite the Basilica of San Marco. The top of the bell tower is crowned with a winged sculpture of the Archangel Gabriel. The height of the building is 92 m and the width is 11 m. In 1902, the bell tower collapsed, but was again restored in its original form. The Campanilla offers a wonderful view of Venice.
Rialto Bridge (Ponte di Rialto, XVI century) - the oldest of the three bridges thrown over the Grand Canal. The bridge is located in the commercial center of the city of the same name. In the beginning. In the 16th century, the collapsed Rialto Bridge was once again restored, but now it has already become stone.
Bridge of Sighs (Ponte dei Sospiri, XVII century) - one of the famous Venetian bridges, thrown over the Palace Canal - Rio di Palacio. The baroque bridge connects the building of the Doge's Palace, which housed the courtroom, and the prison. The name of the bridge comes from the bitter sighs of the condemned, who passed over the bridge and cast a sad farewell glance at Venice.
Ca'd'Oro Palace (Ca" d "Oro, XV century) or Palazzo Santa Sofia erected on the site of an ancient Byzantine building, called the "Golden House" (gold leaf was used in the decoration). The masterpiece building of the palace was built in the Gothic style, then rebuilt. Since 1927, the Franchetti Museum has been operating here, with beautiful works by Titian, Mantegna, Tintoretto, Guardi, works by famous Flemish artists, stunning frescoes, amazing antique furniture, magnificent sculptures...
The largest domed church in Venice Santa Maria della Salute located on the banks of the Grand Canal opposite St. Mark's Square. The temple in honor of the Mother of God was erected in 1631-1681 to mark the end of the terrible plague epidemic. The basilica was built in the Baroque style.
Most Impressive Church of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari located in Piazza San Polo. The construction of the majestic temple lasted almost a century (1250-1338). However, the consecration of the church took place only in 1492.
Teodoro Correr Museum (Museo Correr, 1830) is located on Piazza San Marco, in the Napoleonic wing of the procurations. The museum was founded in 1830 to house an incredible collection of Venice art. The museum has three sections: historical Museum, Art Gallery and Museum of the Risorgimento.
IN Galleria dell'Accademia unique collections of Venetian painting of the 13th - 18th centuries are kept. Here you can see the works of outstanding Venetian masters - Bellini, Titian, Giorgione, Tintoretto, Veronese and others. The Academy of Arts is located in the former buildings of the Monastery of the Lateran Canons and Scuola Our Lady of Mercy.
Peggy Guggenheim Collection (Fondazione Peggy Guggenheim)- one of the world's largest collections of unique paintings by artists of the XX century. The genres of the works presented in the museum are cubism, futurism, surrealism, and expressionism. A small museum is located in the Palazzo Venier dei Leoni, which overlooks the Grand Canal. The museum is part of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation.
Holidays
Romantic Venice is famous for its amazing national holidays. Venice is considered the birthplace of carnivals, since carnival processions in colorful masks and unusual outfits were first held here. In 1296 the first Venice Carnival which lasted six weeks. The event was very enchanting and rumors about this magnificent holiday spread throughout all neighboring states.
Nowadays, the carnival is held mainly for tourists. For several days, acrobats, theater artists and musicians perform on the streets and squares of Venice. Main character exciting holiday - colorful mask.
Passes in May Vogalong marathon regatta 32 km long. Any owner of a rowing vessel can take part. The marathon starts from Sant'Elena across the Venetian lagoon to the island of Burano and then back to Venice via the Canalegio Canal and the Grand Canal.
The holiday of betrothal with the sea is popular - Festa della Sensa. According to an ancient tradition, on Ascension, the Doge, in his luxurious galley (“buchintoro”), sailed from the Molo embankment and lowered a golden ring into the water in the Porto San Nicolò di Lido strait. It was a symbol of the eternal union between the Adriatic Sea and the city of Venice. Today, the Festa della Sensa is celebrated in a modern interpretation: the mayor of the city acts as a doge, and a chic cortege in historical costumes replaces the doge's luxurious galley.
In odd years in June, Venice hosts Biennale- one of the world's largest international exhibitions of contemporary art. The exhibits are housed in various pavilions throughout Venice. The Biennale also organizes music, dance and drama competitions.
Celebrated in July Festa del Redentore. On the night from the third Saturday of July to Sunday, a pontoon bridge is built across the Giudecca Canal, which connects Zatere with the Redentore Church. The church was built in gratitude to Jesus the Savior for delivering Venice from the plague (1567). On a festive night, the Venetians launch boats decorated with colorful garlands and bright balloons, and the fun begins on rafts and ferries. At midnight, fireworks are launched over the Venetian Lagoon, and sunrise is met on the Lido Island.
In August-September on the island of Lido, as part of the Biennale, International Film Festival. The famous festival is held in various halls of the Cinema Palace, in the Casino building, in the Palalido Hall and the temporarily installed Pala Biennale Hall.
Another worldwide famous event is picturesque Gondolier Festival Regatta Storica. The regatta is held on the first Sunday of September. The Storica Regatta is a spectacular costume parade of boats, decorated with original ornaments and coats of arms, which sails along the Grand Canal twice, and then the races of the best rowers of Venice take place.
In October, the annual Venice Marathon "Su e zo per i ponti", which in translation means "up and down the bridges." It's not a competition, it's just a celebration of Venice.
November 21 Festa della Salute in memory of the deliverance of Venice from the plague (similar to the Festa del Redentore). The holiday is of a religious nature and is dedicated to the Virgin Mary in gratitude for her intercession, which put an end to the plague (1630-31). On this day, the Venetians pass in front of the main altar of the Church of Santa Maria della Salute (Basilica di Santa Maria della Salute), performing thanksgiving dinner given four hundred years ago to the Virgin Mary.
All unique and romantic Venice consists of world-famous sights - delightful city squares, luxurious palaces, incredible cathedrals, interesting galleries of famous artists, and every building, every structure on the water is a masterpiece, and a walk on an elegant gondola allows you to enjoy all the picturesque beauty of the legendary city and gives an unforgettable experience. You can walk endlessly in fabulous Venice - such magnificence cannot be found in any city in the world.
VENICE (Venezia), a city in Northern Italy, the administrative center of the region and the province of Venice. Population 270.3 thousand people (2006). major port in the Venetian Gulf of the Adriatic Sea (cargo turnover over 30 million tons, of which over 1/3 is oil and oil products, as well as grain, food, coal, metals; over 1 million passengers, as well as 0.7 million cruise passengers, 2004). Node of international overhead lines(Marco Polo International Airport). Venice consists of two parts - the historical island and industrial-port mainland, which are connected by rail and road.
The island part of Venice (listed world heritage) is a city-museum, one of the world's largest centers of international tourism. Picturesquely located on 118 islands of the Venetian lagoon. Its appearance is defined by numerous canals (rio; about 150 in total), narrow passages along their banks, open squares (campo), small squares (campiello) and courtyards (corte) between houses. A special charm of this part of the city is given by the labyrinths of narrow streets, the bends of bridges (about 400; the most famous is the Bridge of Sighs across the narrow canal of the Rio di Palazzo, 1600). Intracity Passenger Transportation carried out on river trams (vaporetto; the only type of public transport); gondolas, a historical mode of transport, are of tourist importance. The main transport artery is the Grand Canal (length 3800 m, width 30-70 m), into which 45 small channels flow. 3 bridges were built across it: Rialto (1588-92), Scalzi and Academy. The island part of Venice is prone to flooding (surge of the waters of the Gulf of Venice).
The settlement of Venice was founded in 421 on the small islands of the Rialto archipelago, inhabited by Veneti and other tribes who were engaged in fishing and salt mining. The Ostrogothic kingdom of Venice was ruled by tribunes appointed by the king. Having passed under the rule of Byzantium in 555, Venice was subject to the exarch of Ravenna, who appointed its rulers - duxes (doges). Since the end of the 7th century, Venice has been a republic; the doge was elected from among the local nobility, and the exarch approved him, endowing him with broad powers. The attempt of Charles I the Great to subjugate Venice (810) was not successful, the power of Byzantium over Venice was preserved. In 840, by agreement between Byzantium and the Franks, Venice gained independence and became the center of an island ducat (duchy). In addition to Rialto, the islands of Burano, Murano, Torcello, Malamocco, Chioggia and others entered the state of Venice. From the end of the 9th century, the economic upsurge of Venice began, it turned into a major point of transit trade between West and East, and began to mint its own silver coin. From the end of the 10th century, the Republic of Venice annexed the Istrian cities of Kapodistria, Parenzo, Umago, Rovigno, and attempted to subjugate the Dalmatian cities. In the 11-12 centuries, it turned into a strong maritime power, assisted Byzantium in the fight against the Arabs, received trade privileges and the right to duty-free trade in Byzantine possessions (1082). The administration of Venice was formed from the nobility by the doge, but ordinary Venetians also participated in legislative and judicial activities, retaining the right to elect the doge and suppressing attempts to make power hereditary. Wood and leather processing, silk weaving, shipbuilding, etc. developed. At the beginning of the 12th century, the state Arsenal was created, which included shipyards, forges, armories; construction of merchant and military ships began. Venice supplied silk, cotton, spices to Italy and Germany, bought wood, iron, and copper there. From the middle of the 12th century, the doge's power was limited by the Council of the Wise, and then by the Small Council, which were elected from representatives of the nobility. The center of Venice was the quarter of San Marco, where trade transactions were made.
After the 4th Crusade (1202-04), led by Doge E. Dandolo, Venice took possession of a part of Constantinople, a number of harbors on the Sea of Marmara and in the Black Sea straits, the islands of Euboea, Crete, etc. and turned into a maritime empire that dominated the Eastern Mediterranean. By the end of the 13th century, the formation of the state system of Venice was completed: the Great Council became the supreme authority, which included only representatives of the families of the nobility (patriciate). The Grand Council adopted laws and elected from among its members all the higher magistracies. The functions of the government were performed by the Small Council, headed by a doge elected for life, the court was carried out by the Council of Forty, and in 1310 the Council of Ten became the main punitive body. Venice turned into an oligarchic republic, where power belonged to 200-300 noble families. Merchant circles tried to return the old order and restore their positions (the conspiracy of M. Bokkonio in 1299, the uprising of Baimonte Tiepolo in 1310, the conspiracy of Marino Faglieri in 1355), but failed. The 14th and 15th centuries were the heyday of Venice. Her long struggle with Genoa ended with the defeat of the Genoese fleet at Chioggia (1380). Venice ousted its trade rival from the Eastern Mediterranean and concentrated in its hands a significant part of Western European trade with the East. Venice fortified itself in Dalmatia, took possession of several points in Albania, the Ionian Islands, significantly expanded its possessions in northeastern Italy, annexing Padua, Vicenza, Verona, Brescia, Ravenna, Cremona, Bergamo, Rimini, Treviso and other cities. The capture of Constantinople by the Turks (1453), the movement of trade routes from the Mediterranean to Atlantic Ocean(as a consequence of the Great Geographical Discoveries) significantly weakened Venice. The Venetian-Turkish wars of the 15th and 18th centuries, as a result of which Venice lost almost all of its possessions in the Balkans and the Eastern Mediterranean, undermined Venice's trade, which led to its deep economic and political decline in the 17th and 18th centuries. In 1797, Venice was occupied by French troops under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte. According to the Peace of Campoformia of 1797, almost the entire territory of the Venetian Republic was transferred to Austria, and according to the Peace of Pressburg of 1805, it was annexed to the Italian kingdom. The Congress of Vienna in 1814-15 again handed Venice over to Austrian rule. In March 1848 a republic was proclaimed in Venice, in August 1849 it fell under the blows of the Austrian army. According to the Peace of Vienna in 1866, Venice became part of the Italian kingdom.
The appearance of Venice took shape during the 9th-18th centuries, when most of the palaces, temples, public and administrative buildings, and theaters were built. In the 14th-16th centuries, a peculiar style of Venetian Gothic and Renaissance architecture developed, and the Venetian school of painting was formed. The heart of Venice is St. Mark Cathedral (built from 829; rebuilt after 1063). To the bell tower of the cathedral (888-1517, one of the dominants of the city; in the Romanesque style, with a white-stone Gothic completion), an open gallery of Logetta (1537-1540, architect and sculptor J. Sansovino) was attached, the reliefs and statues of which are among the best examples of the Renaissance style in Venice. St. Mark's Square adjoins the narrow Piazzetta, open towards the lagoon and formed by the buildings of the National Library of Marchiana (1468, building 1536-84, designed by Sansovino) and the Doge's Palace. On the main embankment of Venice in 1172, two high granite columns were placed, taken out from the East, with statues of St. Theodore (1-2 centuries), the first patron of Venice, and the lion of St. Mark (China, 14th century), which became the symbol of the city, crowning them.
Palaces of the Venetian nobility were built along the banks of the Grand Canal. Late Gothic palazzos (14-15 centuries) were usually decorated with a light, openwork arched loggia, their high windows ended with graceful lancet arches, and white-stone decorative carving crowned the facade (Ca-Loredan, 15th century; Ca-d'Oro, 1422-40, now a gallery J. Franchetti); sometimes the facades were faced with multicolored marble (Ka-Dario, 1487). Palazzos were built in the classical Renaissance style: Vendramin-Calergi (1481-1509, architects M. Coducci, P. Lombardo), Corner (from 1532, J. Sansovino) and Grimani (1540-75, M. Sanmicheli). The best examples of Baroque palaces with decorative interior paintings include the palazzo built by B. Longena, - Pesaro (1659-1710; now museums of modern and oriental art), Rezzonico (1660; frescoes by G. B. Tiepolo; since 1935, the Museum of the Italian Settecento ) and Labia (1720, architect A. Cominelli; frescoes by Tiepolo). The origin of most Venetian campos (piazzas) is connected with religious centers. The Gothic church of Santi Giovanni e Paolo (1246-1430; polyptych by G. Bellini, murals by P. Veronese), in which the doges were buried until 1797, stands on the square of the same name, where an equestrian monument to the condottiere Colleoni (1481-88, sculptor A. Verrocchio); here is the early Renaissance building of the Scuola Grande di San Marco (1488-90, now a hospital), the facade of which is decorated with promising reliefs by T. Lombardo. Many buildings of the scuols (religious brotherhoods of the laity, uniting the inhabitants of Venice by region, class and occupation) have retained their original decoration, including painting cycles made by famous artists (Scuola San Giorgio degli Schiavone with paintings by V. Carpaccio, 16 century; Scuola Grande di San Rocco with works by J. Tintoretto, 1517-50). The oldest buildings in Venice include the monastery and church of San Zaccaria (founded in the 10th century, facade - 1480-1500, architect M. Coducci; altarpieces by G. Bellini, A. Vivarini, L. da Forli), the church of San Giacomo del -Orio (founded at the end of the 10th century; rebuilt in the 1st half of the 13th century; facades - 14th-17th centuries), the church of San Giovanni Decollato (murals of the Chapel of the Crucifixion, 13th century), the Franciscan monastery with the Gothic church of Santa Maria- Gloriosa dei Frari (1338-1443; altarpieces by G. Bellini and Titian). The first Renaissance building in Venice is the monastery of San Michele on the island of the same name (facade of the church - 1469-78, architect Coducci; nearby is the cemetery where I. F. Stravinsky, S. P. Diaghilev, I. A. Brodsky and others). The Renaissance church of Santa Maria dei Miracoli (1481-89, architect P. Lombardo) is distinguished by the elegance of marble facing and sculptural decoration. In Venice, there are the best religious buildings of the architect A. Palladio, which influenced the development of the architecture of European classicism - the church and monastery of San Giorgio Maggiore (1565-80; campanile - 1791; paintings by Tintoretto) and the church of Il Redentore (construction completed in 1592 ). Among the numerous baroque churches, the Church of Santa Maria della Salute (1631-1687, architect Longhena; in the sacristy - the work of Tintoretto "The Marriage at Cana", 1561) plays a special role in shaping the image of Venice, the high dome of which with the original volutes of the drum opens up the perspective Grand Canal from Saint Mark's Square and Customs.
On the islands of the Venetian lagoon there are monuments of Romanesque architecture: on the island of Torcello - the complex of the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta (7-11 centuries, in the apse and chapel - mosaics of the 9th and 12th centuries), the Santa Fosca rotunda (11-12 centuries); on the island of Murano - the church of Santi Maria e Donato (12th century).
Academy of Fine Arts (1750). University (1868). B. Marcello State Conservatory (1876; until 1940 - Lyceum of Music). Institute for the Study of the Adriatic (1946). Venice is famous for its museum collections, among which the most important are: the ensemble of the Doge's Palace, the Correr Museum (founded in 1830; a collection of antiquities and paintings from the 13th-16th centuries), the Accademia Gallery (1807; paintings by artists of the Venetian school), the Cuerini Stampalia Gallery (1869 ; Venetian painting of the 14th-19th centuries), the Archaeological Museum (1523), the collection of P. Guggenheim (in the Venier dei Leoni Palace, 1749; one of the world's largest collections of paintings of the 20th century), the Pinacoteca Manfrediniana (1827) and the collection of the Patriarchal Seminary , Museum of Modern Art (1897), Museum of the Congregation of Armenian Mekhitarists of Venice on the island of San Lazzarodegli Armeni, Museum of Sacred Images of Ponte dei Greci (1959, icons of the 14th-18th centuries). House-Museum of C. Goldoni (opened in 1953) and others.
Theaters: "La Fenice" (founded in 1792), "Teatro Goldoni" (1792) and others. Venice is one of the oldest centers of musical culture in Europe. In the 16th and early 17th centuries, the Venetian school of music was formed. In the 17th century, the first publicly accessible Opera theatre(1637), where C. Monteverdi, F. Cavalli, M. A. Chesti, A. Stradella, A. Vivaldi worked.
Are held in Venice international exhibitions contemporary art (biennale; since 1895, every 2 years), the International Film Festival (since 1932, annually), the international festival of contemporary music "Musical Biennale" (since 1930), the Venice Carnival (annually, in February), as well as the historical regatta ( boat parade) and the race of the best rowers (annually, in September).
The city's economy is dominated by the service sector (more than 60% of employees are employed; mainly trade, tourism, hotel and restaurant business, transport and communications, professional services, finance and credit). In the island part of Venice, industry is poorly developed and is represented mainly by old small ship repair enterprises [the oldest is the Arsenal, in the 15th century the largest shipyards in the world; Since 1964, the Historical Maritime Museum (founded in 1923) has been located on its territory, which contains models of ships, various types of weapons, etc.], the production of chemical, knitwear, and printing products. Traditional old crafts are preserved and developed: on the island of Murano - the manufacture of artistic Venetian glass (from the end of the 13th century; Museum of Glassware, founded in 1861), on the island of Burano - lace weaving (Museum of Lace, since 1981; opened at the school of lace, founded in 1872); Lido Island - Predominantly resort area(beaches, municipal casinos).
In the mainland part of the city there are modern factories for the production of technical glass. Most industrial enterprises are located in the suburbs of Venice - Marghera, Fusina, Mestre. In Margera there are large alumina, aluminum, zinc-smelting, oil refining, petrochemical, coke-chemical plants, as well as plants for the production of fluorine and fluorine compounds, nitric acid, chlorine, hydrochloric acid; shipyard; in Fuzina - aluminum and aluminum-rolling plants; in Mestre - railway workshops, transport engineering enterprises, oil refining.
Lit.: Ruskin J. The stones of Venice. L., 1851-1853. Vol. 1-3. N.Y., 2005. Vol. 1-3; Pertsov P. P. Venice. St. Petersburg, 1905; Cessi R. Storia della republica di Venezia. mil.; Messina, 1944-1946. Vol. 1-2; Thiriet F. Histoire de Venise. R., 1952; Sokolov N.P. Formation of the Venetian colonial empire. Saratov, 1963; Vsevolozhskaya S. N. Venice. L., 1970; Nikityuk O. D. Art Museums of Venice. M., 1979; Zorzi A. La Republica di Leone, storia di Venezia. Mil., 1981; Fedorova E.V. Famous cities of Italy: Rome, Florence, Venice. M., 1985; Venice: Parte nei secoli. Udine, 1997. Vol. 1-2; Venice. Art and architecture / Ed. by G. Romanelli. Koln, 1997. Vol. 1-2; Kaminski M. Venezia. Koln, 2001; Anisimov AD Venice: Architectural guide. M., 2002; Beck K. History of Venice. M., 2002.
S. Babyshev, L. M. Bragina, V. D. Dazhina.
Probably everyone would like to visit Venice. Where else can you see flooded streets, gondoliers slowly floating through the canals and singing lingering songs? But to the locals, all this seems ordinary. And since we are talking about this, let's find out what is the population in the city of Venice.
Where is the city
This city, one of the most amazing in the world, is located in the very northeast of Italy. From this side, the peninsula, familiar to everyone from the school curriculum due to its unusual shape, is washed by the Venetian Lagoon - one of the bays of the Adriatic Sea.
When was founded
The official date of foundation of the city was the distant 421 AD. For the empire it was scary times. The state, whose power was considered invincible, which managed to capture almost the entire world known at that time (part of Europe, including Great Britain, the northern coast of Africa and some regions of Asia, entered the Roman Empire) was rapidly collapsing. No one could protect ordinary people from the hordes of barbarians, who got the opportunity to run amok and do what they want in the captured cities.
It was in such a terrible situation, fleeing from the bloodthirsty Goths, that a group of refugees founded a small settlement on marshy islets, hoping that the barbarians would not come here, content with rich trophies in the plundered cities.
The next wave of settlers poured into these unsightly islands in 453. It was then that Attila's Huns broke into the northeastern regions of modern Italy. One of largest cities, Aquileia, was completely destroyed. Some surviving residents sought shelter and found it in the swamps.
The city grew quite quickly and even almost prospered. Fishing, together with the extraction of salt, provided the city with everything necessary - for these sought-after goods, residents from the mainland were ready to generously pay with timber, food, and clean drinking water.
However, this could not last long - for greater autonomy, the inhabitants of Venice founded the settlement of Terraferma. Although officially considered part of the city, it was located on the mainland, providing the inhabitants of the island with the necessary supplies that could not be obtained locally.
By the way, Venice got its name from the name of the Veneti tribe, who lived in these parts in the third century BC. At the height of the empire's power, Roman troops took over these lands, establishing a large and beautiful city Aquileia, whose sad fate we have already mentioned.
City size
Calculating the area of the city is much more difficult than finding out what the population of Venice is, because the number of people can always be calculated. But when measuring the area there are serious disputes. Some experts believe that it is only necessary to calculate mainland, adding to it the total area of the islands. Others argue that the canals are an integral part of the city and should also be counted, although this greatly increases the area.
To date, the second version is considered more correct. So, the total area of all the islands, canals and the mainland is 416 square kilometers - the city occupies a fairly large area.
City population today
There is a task circulating on the Internet, according to which the population of Venice is 4,300,000 people. Of course, this information is completely implausible. There are only two million-plus cities in Italy. These are Rome with 2.9 million people and Milan with 1.3 million people.
Well, Venice is not even among the ten largest cities in Italy. And count it largest city definitely not worth it in the country.
According to experts, today the city of Venice has a population of about 261 thousand people. So, by Russian standards, this is a rather small town - approximately at the level of a provincial regional center.
However, it should be borne in mind here that Venice is the name of not only a city, but also a large province, as well as an entire region. But even in this case, the assertion that the population of Venice is 4,300,000 does not appear anywhere. After all, the province of Venice, whose center is the city of the same name, has a population of only 858 thousand people. But if we take the entire region of Venice, then the number will be very impressive - almost five million people. No wonder - this area is the fifth most populated in Italy.
Population in different years and centuries
The history of any city is interesting. Shocks and wars, dawn and progress - all this replaces each other, affecting the economic situation and, accordingly, the population.
Let's see how the population of the city of Venice has changed from year to year, from century to century.
The first accurate data reflect the situation in the middle of the fifteenth century. At that moment, the city was not just big, but one of the largest in Europe. In the city of Venice, the population in the 15th century was about 180 thousand people! Paris was the only city in Europe that could surpass it in this respect. In subsequent years, the population declined significantly for a number of reasons.
As a result, by the end of the sixteenth century, about 135 thousand people lived in the glorious town. The city was located in a convenient place for trade, ships entered the port, further enriching the Venetians. Alas, at the beginning of the seventeenth century, namely in 1630, a terrible misfortune fell upon the city - the black plague.
Despite the fact that Venice was ahead of most cities in Europe in terms of sanitary preparation, a poor understanding of medicine, epidemics and infection led to the fact that about five thousand people died every day. The disease did not distinguish between children and old people, rich and poor. A large number of people have died. Many, fleeing the plague, were forced to leave their homes, seek refuge in other cities (often carrying the disease with them). As a result, by 1633 in the city of Venice, the population was reduced to 102 thousand people.
When the epidemic passed and the surviving refugees returned home (around the early 1640s), the population increased to 120,000. After that, in the city of Venice, the population continued to grow - rather slowly, but almost constantly.
A bit of history
It is also interesting that during its existence the city changed its citizenship many times. As already mentioned, before our era, the Venets lived here, who were partially killed, partially forced out, and partially assimilated by the Romans.
In the early years of its existence, Venice was a rather unpleasant place - swamps, dirty canals, half-starved poor people ... However, gradually diligence, a convenient location and a fortunate combination of circumstances led to the fact that at the end of the seventh century the city turned into a republic. Its full name was the Most Serene Republic of Venice. Of course, the Republic of Venice had a population, area and influence much greater than that of the city. She controlled the area around the city, as well as part of the land on which today Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina are located.
Then came the decline of the republic. For example, the island of Crete was captured by the Turks. And at the end of the eighteenth century, these lands were captured by Napoleon. True, the brave inhabitants of Venice raised an uprising, but they failed to win. After the victory of the Russian troops over Napoleon, Venice accepted the citizenship of the Austrian Empire.
And in 1866, when the Third Italian War of Independence took place, the city finally became part of Italy, where it has remained for the past century and a half.
What is Venice made of?
Many people imagine this city as one huge labyrinth of narrow streets flooded with water. But actually it is not. Moreover, today the island part, although it is the most interesting attraction for tourists, occupies a relatively small part of the city. The former Terrafarm has grown rapidly and significantly exceeds the historical part in area.
But still, in their dreams, tourists and lovers of romance represent precisely these cities. Well, there really is something to see here!
The historical center of Venice was located on 118 islands, which are separated by one and a half hundred canals and straits. These islands are interconnected by four hundred bridges, some of which were built in the sixteenth century!
A few words about the climate
The climate in Venice is very mild, as in most coastal areas. In summer it is never too hot here, and in winter the temperature rarely drops below zero. Snow falls here very, very rarely.
January is considered the coldest month. This month's average low is -1 degrees Celsius and the average high is +6 degrees. Well, the hottest month is July. The average high and low are 28 and 18 degrees, respectively.
However, it should be borne in mind that the humidity in these places is very high - even in the continental part, not to mention the island. Therefore, any differences are felt very strongly.
How a Russian tree saves Venice
Many people are surprised how houses built on water stand for tens and even hundreds of years. After all, when they were built, reinforced concrete and even ordinary concrete were not yet used in construction. And wood in water should rot very quickly, lose strength.
In fact, everything is quite simple. During the upswings, Venice actively purchased wood from ... Russia. Moreover, far from any tree was used - wise architects demanded that larch be used to build the foundations of houses. This material is very difficult to process - when struck with an ax, the latter simply flies off with a loud ringing. But it is able to lie for hundreds of years in water and not start to rot, while maintaining strength and providing durability to buildings.
Venice Tourism
One of the main income sources of modern Venice is tourism. No wonder - the city is considered one of the most romantic places in the world, second only to Paris.
In 2013 alone, about 600 cruise liners came to the city port, traveling along mediterranean sea. By the way, the port itself plays a very important role in the life of not only the city, but the whole country. It is the only one in Italy connected to the river network of the northern regions, which allows delivering goods inland. About 18 thousand people are involved at work here - almost 5% of the city's population!
At least 20 million tourists visit Venice every year. Almost half of the local residents are involved in tourism. And they try to please customers so that they visit the city again and again. The total number of souvenir shops in the city is approaching half a thousand. Many of them have rich history and are passed down through the generations.
A little about gondoliers
It is impossible to talk about Venice and never mention one of the main symbols of the romantic city. Of course, we are talking about gondoliers.
Locals take gondolas very seriously, carefully preserving the traditions of their ancestors. They are made using old tools according to the drawings left by the old masters. The width of the gondola is 142 centimeters, and the length is as much as 11! This design weighs as much as 600 kilograms, but in the hands of an experienced gondolier it is surprisingly obedient, easily turns and silently glides over the water surface.
The total number of gondoliers is always 452. By the time one of them retires, the other is already in training to take his place.
Surprisingly, in this modern city like Venice, there is no sewerage at all! Twice a day, the tide removes all the waste accumulated in the channels.
You can feed pigeons only in one place in the city - in St. Mark's Square, the patron saint of Venice. If you do it in any other place, you can get a serious fine.
It is in this city that real estate prices are much higher than in any other locality Italy.
Traditions are very strong here. A Venetian who has taken a fancy to one cafe or bar goes to it almost all his life. Of course, the owners know regular customers by sight and provide them with good discounts.
Conclusion
This concludes our article. you learned a lot interesting facts about the amazing city of Venice: information about the population, history, tourism and much more. Surely after that the desire to visit here became even stronger!
Venice Italy - city view
Venice is one of the most romantic corners of the world, located in Italy, on the northern coast of the Adriatic Sea. The majestic architecture and the unique atmosphere of freedom and lightness of this city have long been sung in their work by poets, artists, and playwrights. Venice is the birthplace of such famous personalities as Marco Polo, Giacomo Casanova, Antonio Vivaldi, Carlo Goldoni. It was in Venice that the best masterpieces of William Shakespeare and Thomas Mann took place. The whole city is literally permeated with an atmosphere of love and happiness, and many carnivals, exhibitions and film festivals that take place every year and gather outstanding representatives of world art and culture leave a trail of eternal celebration in the air.
Geographically, Venice occupies 118 islands in the eastern part of the Apennine Peninsula. Numerous channels flow between the islands, forming the unique relief of Venice. All parts of the city are interconnected by means of 400 bridges, there is also a large four-kilometer road bridge that unites the island and mainland parts of the city. A feature of all buildings in Venice is a special foundation and supports under water, as well as lightweight materials for the upper part of the buildings. Almost every house in the "city on the water" is an architectural creation of past centuries. The historical part of Venice with masterpieces of architecture of the XIV-XVI centuries is included in the list of cultural heritage World Organization UNESCO.
The second name of the city "Serenissima" or "serene" has been preserved since the times of the Venetian Republic. Venice got its main name from the name of a group of tribes, the Venets, who inhabited this territory many centuries ago. 
History reference
As an island city, Venice was formed by the 9th century, and in the Middle Ages it was already the capital of the Venetian Republic - this is the time of its architectural and cultural heyday. The city essentially controlled all trade relations between Europe and the East. The golden ducats and silver dinars minted here served as medieval currency almost all over the world. Since the 18th century, tourism has become the main direction in the city's economy - based on water, on pillars and piles, over many centuries it has turned into a real architectural marvel. Unique location, exotic cityscapes and huge cultural heritage to this day attracts millions of tourists, bringing a good profit throughout Italy.
Today, Venice consists of 6 independent districts, and the population of the city is 265,000 people. 
University and Ca' Foscari Palace
Climatic features
For a trip to Venice, it is worth choosing the off-season. The peculiarities of the local climate are such that in summer it is sunny and hot in the region - the air temperature warms up to + 30⁰C, which, combined with high humidity, creates uncomfortable weather for long walks and excursions. In winter, Venice is plunged into fog, mysteriously enveloping all the streets and canals. This time of year is also characterized by heavy rainfall and strong winds. The peak tourist season is spring and autumn, with little rain and warm, clear weather. 
Transport accessibility
The most popular and affordable way to get to Venice is by plane. There are both regular direct flights and seasonal charters from Russia to Venice. European airlines provide budget options flight with a transfer in any European capital:, or.
Today, there are 2 airports in Venice - Marco Polo is located at a distance of 12 kilometers and located at 30 kilometers. Most of international airlines flies to Marco Polo. You can get to the city from here by bus in half an hour or by water transport vaporetto - such an exotic trip will take about an hour. There is also a well-established bus service from Treviso Airport.
Another way is to get to Venice by train. Through railway You can get to the sea city from almost every European capital. If you are a fan of long journeys, then there is the possibility of replacing the train with a bus.
As alternative way visit Venice you can consider a sea voyage on cruise ship entering the port of the city. 
Public transport represented by waterbuses vaporetto, taxi boats and the famous gondolas, which are the symbol of the city. For the first time, gondolas, as elegant ships moving through the calm waters of the lagoon, are mentioned in 1094. Today, as well as many centuries ago, the license for the profession of a gondolier is inherited. Therefore, for several centuries the number of gondoliers has remained constant - there are 433 of them.
Piazza San Marco
All the main attractions are concentrated in the historical center of Venice, the main place in which is occupied by the famous. Her appearance changed in each historical era, and gradually it turned into a symbol of luxury and wealth of the city.
In the 9th century, the Doge's Palace and the Basilica of St. Mark, the patron saint of Venice, appeared on the square. At the end of the 12th century, two columns brought from Constantinople were installed here. They were decorated with symbols of the city - statues of St. Mark and Fedor. In the 13th century, the square acquires a brick cladding, and after a while, a fountain and the buildings of the Library, the Clock Tower, the Old and New Procuration appear. 
By 1777, the square acquired its modern dimensions and trapezoidal shape. Today flocks here great amount tourists to see with their own eyes the beautiful architectural masterpieces located along the perimeter, as well as to get to the most spectacular event of the square - pigeon feeding, which attracts hundreds of birds from all over the city. Dozens of professional photographers come here to capture this incredibly beautiful sight. And of course, there are many different cafes and restaurants on the square. 
St. Mark's Cathedral
It is the heart of the city, and the decoration of the square of the same name. The construction of the cathedral dates back to the distant year 832, but it acquired its modern appearance only in 1617. From the 13th century, the Cathedral of San Marco became not only the religious, but also the political center of the Venetian Republic: such solemn official ceremonies as the coronation and the blessing of troops for military campaigns were held here.
The construction of the church lasted for 4 centuries, so the building is made in a mixed style, representing a harmonious mixture of different eras and architectural trends. The Byzantine style is predominant, reflected in the general appearance of the building and domes. The presence of ancient columns with bas-reliefs, Gothic arrows and towers, as well as facing with oriental marble, allows us to conclude that the Cathedral of San Marco has its own Venetian style, thanks to which it received the status of a unique architectural monument. 
The church building itself has the shape of a Greek cross, with a central dome 43 meters high. The facade is made of marble and decorated with the most beautiful mosaics, and the rich interior of the temple is decorated with various iconostases and numerous statues of the apostles.
Divine services are still held in the Cathedral of San Marco. The presence of such relics as the relics of the Holy Martyrs Mark and Isidore, the icon of the Mother of God "Nicopeia" and the "Golden Iconostasis", which is the largest piece of jewelry in the world, made the Cathedral of San Marco one of the centers of Christian pilgrimage. 
It is a grandiose monument of Italian Gothic architecture of the XIV-XV centuries. The palace, on the site of the ancient defensive walls of the period of the Roman Empire, was erected according to the project of the architect Calendario. Several centuries ago, there was a residence of local rulers - Doges, then the building was used for meetings of the Senate and hearings. Supreme Court republics. In 1536, the facade of the building was decorated with a balcony, which served as a kind of platform, above which rises the statue of Justice, made by the famous sculptor Vittoria. The majestic appearance and luxurious interior of the Palace were created by the brilliant masters of Italy - Titian, Bellini, Veronese and Tintoretto. Of particular interest to tourists are the Foscari Gallery, the Paper Gates, the unique facade clock, niches with antique statues, numerous mouths of lions and the Staircase of the Giants.
Next to the Palace is the prison building. The buildings are interconnected by one of the most recognizable crossings in Venice - the construction of which dates back to 1602. Its architecture is particularly sophisticated, and is a masterpiece of the famous Italian architect Antonio Conti. The bridge is decorated in the Baroque style, while it has both a roof and walls, and carvings in white marble give the whole structure an extraordinary lightness and airiness. However, the name is not at all connected with any romantic stories, on the contrary, the bridge over the Palace Canal served as a direct road from magnificent Palace Doge, in which justice was administered, to the prison, where the convicts were sent after their sentence. Once upon a time, the well-known Casanova also passed through this very bridge, who, despite the severity of the prison, managed to escape.
Venice Carnival
Venice is not only cultural and touristic, but also Entertainment Center Italy, where many shops, restaurants, hotels and hotels are located, often hosts major festivals in the field of cinema, music and theatrical art. In the last month of winter, the inhabitants of Venice, traditionally, arrange, the scale of which is becoming larger and larger every year. “Once a year you can go crazy” - this old proverb perfectly captures the spirit of the carnival in Venice. Violent entertainment, in violation of traditional laws and rules, dates back to the Latin holidays of farewell to winter and the meeting of spring.
The first mention of the Venetian carnival dates back to 1094. At the end of the 13th century, the Senate of Venice approved the official holiday of the carnival before Lent, but over time, the celebrations in Venice stretched out in time up to a month before Lent. To preserve their honest name, all the participants of the carnival dressed up in costumes and put on masks that covered their entire faces, allowing them to say and do whatever they wanted. In no other city in the world did carnival masks play such a significant role at the festival as in Venice. Today, the Carnival is held 2 weeks before the start of the Great Catholic Lent, and, as before, it is a lot of entertainment, music and magnificent balls, performances and acrobats.
– tickets to museums and various entertainment events around the world;
Useful information for tourists about Venice in Italy - geographical position, tourism infrastructure, map, architectural features and attractions.
Venice - the most amazing and most famous city in the world - a city on the water, located in the eastern part of Northern Italy. Venice is one of the largest centers of international tourism in Europe, the city of film and theater festivals and international art exhibitions.
Majestic and beautiful palaces form a bizarre and mysterious world, where the aloof elegance of the Gothic coexists with the opulent luxury of the Baroque. And almost everywhere you can hear the splash of water, which, washing the plinths of buildings, reflects architectural masterpieces.
The main transport in Venice is a river tram, there is also a river taxi, a walk on which will cost much more. The historical mode of transport is an 11-meter, crescent-shaped gondola of the same black color. It is intended mainly for tourists.
Closely built up with luxurious old buildings, the historic center of Venice is located on 120 low sandy islands connected by 400 bridges and footbridges. The palaces of the 15th-18th centuries were built in a peculiar Venetian style, in which the influence of the East is felt (Venetian Gothic is formed from elements of Gothic and Moorish style).
The heart of Venice is Piazza San Marco. Sitting on top of the column, the winged lion - the heraldic symbol of Venice - overlooks the grandiose Cathedral of San Marco, the stone lace of the Doge's Palace, the bell tower (100 m high) pierced into the sky, where Galileo Galilei installed his first telescope in 1609. The arcades and balcony of another masterpiece of Venetian architecture, the Doge's Palace, are distinguished by the elegance of decoration. At the very edge of the square, two columns rise - the symbolic gates to Venice. Countless souvenir sellers and street photographers scurry around the square, the old cafes "Florian" and "Quadri" are always crowded. The famous Bridge of Sighs connects the Doge's Palace with the building of the former prison.
The Grand Canal ("Canal Grande"), shaped like the letter "S", is the main street of Venice. Only three bridges are thrown across it. The Rialto Bridge is considered the most beautiful, most famous and oldest bridge in Venice. The palaces along the Grand Canal embody the glory and strength of Venice of all eras - from the 12th century to the 20th. The most famous palace is the Golden House, built in the 15th century. It now houses an art gallery.
At the southeast end of the Grand Canal is the Church of Santa Maria della Salute. The palaces of Fondaco dei Turchi, Giustiniani, Palazzo Rezzonico and Ca da Mosto are also magnificent. The church of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari is very beautiful.
The works of all, without exception, the great Venetian masters of the XIV-XVIII centuries. exhibited in 24 rooms of the Academy Gallery. The gems of this collection include works by Giovanni Bellini, Vittore Carpaccio, Giorgione, Titian, Veronese, Tintoretto. Of the museums, it is worth noting the Peggy Gutenheim Collection (Picasso, Magritte, Ernst, Tanguy, Dali, Kandinsky, Braque, etc.), the Museum of Byzantine Icons (the largest collection outside of Greece), the Museo Orientale (oriental art).
On the island of Murano there are factories producing the famous Venetian glass. During a tour of the glass factory, you can see how it is done. There is also the Basilica of Santi Maria e Donato, which is considered a model of Venetian architecture (1140). The island of Burano is famous for its lace, which has been used since the 16th century. weaving by local women. On the island of San Michele there is a cemetery immersed in flowers, where Sergei Diaghilev and Igor Stravinsky, once in love with Venice, are buried. Joseph Brodsky is also buried here. On the island of Torcello from the 7th century. the oldest building in the entire lagoon has been preserved - the huge Byzantine cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta, consecrated in its current form in 1008.
