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Roald Amundsen and the Search for the Northwest Passage. Amundsen was born into a family of Norwegian shipowners. Despite his mother's promises to become a doctor, after her death, Roald joined the family business. His first expedition was the Belgian Antarctic expedition of 1897-1899, where he was first assistant to Adrien de Gerlache. The very first independent expedition led by Amundsen aimed to find the Northwest Passage (presumably connecting the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean in the north) in 1903. This elusive passage has been the target of many explorers since 1539. It was then that Cortes instructed Francisco Uloa to sail along the Baja Peninsula in California. Amundsen began his journey with six crew members on a 47-ton steel sealer ship called the Ioah. The journey began in the Baffin Sea, the movement began decisively, but then the team settled down for the winter, disappearing from public view for two whole years. During this time, Roald became friends with the Eskimos, learning a lot from them. The Norwegian learned how to survive in the eternal cold by learning how to use sled dogs and wear skins instead of wool jackets. At this time, Amundsen managed to make some more scientific notes about magnetism. Then the expedition took a course around the southern coast of Victoria Island and along the northern coast of Canada and Alaska. From the coast of this state, the last stage of the expedition began, 800 kilometers inland to the town of Eagle City, where there was a telegraph. From here, on December 5, 1905, Amundsen announced his success to the whole world. After wintering right there, the traveler arrived in Oslo only in 1906. Amundsen caught the separation of Norway from Sweden, reporting his achievement for all of Norway to the already new king, Haakon. But Amundsen did not stop in the desire for new discoveries, becoming the first person to reach South Pole and one of the first to fly over Severny by air.

Hernan Cortes and the Fall of the Aztec Empire. Hernán Cortes was born in 1485 in Medellin, in what was then the Kingdom of Castile in Spain. He entered the University of Salamanca when he was fourteen years old, but soon tired of his studies and returned to Medellin. At that moment, the news about the discovery of Columbus came to the country. Cortes quickly assessed the prospects for conquering new lands and in 1504 departed for the New World. The Spaniard planned to become a colonist on the island of Hispaniola (now the island of Haiti). It was there that he registered as a citizen upon arrival. In 1506, Cortes took an active part in the conquest of Haiti and Cuba and was rewarded with real estate and Indian slaves. In 1518 he led an expedition to Mexico. But the Spanish governor, fearing competition from Cortes, canceled the campaign. This did not stop Cortes, he still went on his way. In February 119 he was accompanied by 11 ships, 500 men, 13 horses and some cannons. Arriving on the Yucatan Peninsula, Cortes burned his ships, thus cutting off his way back. Here the explorer met Jeronimo de Aguilare, a Spanish priest who survived a shipwreck and was captured by the Maya. Over time, he became the translator of Cortes. In March, Yucatan was declared a Spanish possession, and Hernan himself, as a tribute from the conquered tribes, received 20 young women, one of whom, Malinche, became his mistress and the mother of his child Martin. The woman became not just a concubine, but also a translator and adviser. The Spaniard quickly attracted to his side thousands of Indians who were tired of the rule of the Aztecs, promising them independence. When Cortes entered the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, in November 1519, he was greeted by Emperor Montezuma II. He considered Cortes the incarnation and messenger of the god Quetzalcoatl. The abundance of gold gifts and wealth around turned the Spaniard's head, and the authorities decided to return their obstinate researcher. When Cortes learned that a group of troops was heading towards him from Cuba, he left part of his troops in Tenochtitlan, while he himself departed for the Mexico Valley. When Cortes returned to the city, an uprising broke out there. In 1521, the Aztec troops were crushed, and their entire empire was conquered. Until 1524, Cortes ruled all of Mexico.

Charles Darwin's journey on the Beagle. Charles Darwin was born in 1809. Even before he started attending school, he showed a great interest in natural history and collecting. Studying medicine at the University of Edinburgh, Darwin quickly realized that this direction was not for him. Instead, he became interested in taxidermy under the guidance of John Edmonstone, who at one time accompanied Charles Waterton on his journey through the rainforests. South America. In his second year of study, Darwin joined the Pliny Scientific Society, becoming a member of the Natural History Study Group. There he began to classify plants and animals. Darwin's father, annoyed by his son's studies, decided to transfer him to study at Cambridge. An important role was played by a letter from John Henslow, a friend of Charles and professor of botany. He proposed Darwin's candidacy as a free naturalist for the captain of the Beagle, Robert Fitzroy. Charles immediately accepted an offer to take part in a two-year expedition to the South American coast. The journey began on December 27, 1831 and lasted almost 5 years. Darwin spent much of his time examining geological specimens and collecting collections of natural history. At this time, the ship itself was exploring the coast. The route of the expedition ran from English Portsmouth to St. Iago (now Santiago), Darwin visited Cape Verde, Brazil and Patagonia, Chile and Galapagos Islands. Then there was the south coast of Australia, the Cocos Islands, Cape Town and South Africa. During the expedition, Charles did not use any clear instructions. However, in his work he used the works of several well-known geologists and naturalists. Indeed, during his time at the university, Darwin was influenced by Robert Grant, William Paley (work "The Proof of Christianity"), John Henslow, Alexander von Humboldt ("Personal Narrative") and John Herschel. During his journey, Darwin became acquainted with thousands of species. When the scientist returned home and tried to catalog his collection, ideas began to form in his head that served as the basis for the fundamental work On the Origin of Species and the entire theory of evolution. This work became decisive in the life of the scientist, placing his name in history.

Ferdinand Magellan and the first trip around the world. Magellan was born in 1480 in Sabroz, Portugal. When the boy was only 10 years old, his parents died. Little Fernand became the page of Queen Eleanor. Already in his youth, the future navigator visited Egypt, India and Malaysia. But the royal family did not like Magellan's projects, and in 1517 he, together with the cosmographer Faleiro, offered his services to the Spanish crown. At that time, the Treaty of Tordesillas divided the New World between Portugal and Spain. Magellan calculated that the border Moluccas belonged to the Spaniards, offering them his services in finding a way to them. The expedition was approved by King Charles V, and on September 20, 1519, Magellan, along with 5 ships, left the country. The crew included 234 men from Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece and France. Initially, the path of the expedition lay in Brazil, and then along the South American coast to San Julian, in Patagonia. Wintering was made there, and there was also an attempted rebellion. Part of the team demanded a return to Spain. Magellan brutally suppressed the rebellion, executing the leader and shackling his accomplices. In September 1520, the expedition discovered the Strait of Magellan. By that time, there were three ships left. The South Sea was called the Pacific Ocean by the navigator because there were no storms on it. After landing on the island of Guam, a grueling raid followed Philippine Islands. Magellan sailed there in the spring of 1521. The Spaniard decided to subjugate the local lands to the crown and got involved in an internecine war between the two local tribes. Ferdinand Magellan himself died during the battles. The survivors were forced to sink one ship, another turned back. On September 8, 1522, only the Victoria reached Spain with 18 survivors under the leadership of Captain Juan Elcano, a former rebel. Interestingly, Magellan's flight was not planned at all. In principle, a round-the-world trip could not have a commercial effect. Only under the threat of an attack by the Portuguese "Victoria" continued to follow to the west.

Travels of Marco Polo. This researcher is the earliest on our list. But it was he who inspired many of his followers to new geographical discoveries. Marco was born in Venice, presumably in 1254. Both his father, Niccolo, and uncle Matteo were wealthy merchants who traded with the Middle East. When Marco was born, his father was away, they saw each other only after 15 years. The family was reunited for two years, living in Venice, after which the merchants went to China in 1271. They were sent there with letters from Pope Gregory X to Kublai Khan, whom the elder Polo had met during a previous expedition. The journey ran through Armenia, Persia, Afghanistan, the Pamir Mountains, along the Silk Road through the Gobi Desert and all the way to Beijing. Such a long journey took three whole years! Marco Polo spent the next 15 years of his life as a Chinese government official, he was both the ambassador of the Han and the governor of the city of Yangzhou. With the help of the Khan and his servants, the merchant learned the Mongolian language. Also, the Italian conducted several expeditions to the regions of China, India and Burma, until now still unknown. In 1291, the khan married one of his princesses to a Persian ilkhan, and allowed the Polo family to accompany the delegation. The Italians traveled to Sumatra and Ceylon and through Iran and the Black Sea returned to Venice. The further history of the life of the researcher is little known. He participated in the war with Genoa and was taken prisoner in 1298. While in captivity, Polo met the writer Rusticiano, who helped the merchant write down stories about his travels. The published book, known as The Travels of Marco Polo, became one of the most popular in medieval Europe. It should be noted that the discoveries of the Italian would not have been possible without his father and uncle, who had already paved the way to China, having established contacts with the Great Khan.

Travels of Livingston and Stanley. Dr. David Livingstone was a missionary sent to Africa in 1841. He decided to study inner world continent, when it suddenly turned out that the mission in Kolobeng, where he worked, was closing. It was Livingston who first discovered the Victoria Falls and became one of the first Europeans to make a transcontinental journey through Africa. Then the attention of the Englishman was attracted by the source of the Nile, the secret of which is already more than three thousand years old. His journey began from Zanzibar along the Ruvuma River to Lake Malawi and then to Ujiji on the shores of Lake Tanganyika. By that time, Livingston was practically alone, most of his cargo and medicines had been stolen. No wonder David got sick. But he stubbornly moved on, opening the lakes of Mweru and Bangweulu. By the end of March 1871, the Englishman reached the Lualaba River, believing that it was its source that was the source of the Nile. But unable to travel further, Livingston returned to Ujiji, where he discovered that all his supplies fresh water stolen. Although it was no longer possible to travel further, Livingston's discoveries became priceless - no one had yet climbed so deep into the heart of Africa. By that time, rumors about the disappearance of Livingston's expedition and his death filled Europe and America. This information caught the attention of a young American journalist, Henry Morton Stanley. Born in Wales and orphaned as a child, he moved to the New World at the age of eighteen. The young man began working for the merchant Henry Stanley, and when he died, he took his name and joined the Confederate army. At the end civil war Stanley became a journalist while working for the New York Herald. It was this publication that financed the expedition to find the Livingston expedition started in Zanzibar. Stanley followed the route of his predecessor, encountering many of the same problems - desertion and tropical diseases. On October 27, 1871, Stanley found the ailing Livingston at Ujiji on October 27, 1871. The Englishman stood among a group of Arab slave traders, and the journalist greeted him with the phrase that later became famous: "Doctor Livingston, I presume?" Stanley's expedition consisted of about 200 experienced porters, most of whom escaped or died along the way. Stanley at the same time flogged those who refused to go further. But Livingston walked along with freed slaves, twelve sepoys and two faithful servants from previous travels. It was they who delivered the body of the explorer who died in 1873 to the coast, from where it was taken to England.

Lewis and Clark. Expansion to the west. In 1803, America turned its attention to the West, to Louisiana. The American government did not really know what kind of land had previously been acquired from France. That is why President Thomas Jefferson directed Congress to provide $2,500 for the expedition, which was ready just a few weeks after the deal was closed. The research was to be led by Army Captain Merryweather Lewis, who chose William Clark as his partner. In May 1804, 3 sergeants and 22 soldiers set off with them, as well as volunteers, translators and slaves - a total of 43 people. The expedition began moving up the Missouri River, then wintered with the Mandan Indians. In the spring, the path lay in the upper reaches of the river, then the continental divide was crossed. Lewis and Clark crossed the Rocky Mountains, finding the Columbia River. Fort Claptsop was built at its mouth. Walking along the river, the Americans came to Pacific Ocean. On their way back, the group split into three after the Rocky Mountains, reuniting later and returning in triumph to St. Louis. The city welcomed them on September 23, 1806 as heroes. The 28-month journey proved that there was an overland transcontinental route. Lewis and Clark brought a lot of information with them, including a map of their route, a description of the culture of the Indians, and observations of the environment. On the journey, the brave Americans were not without the help of the natives. So, a young Indian woman from the Shoshone tribe Sacagawea decided to go with them, who carried her young son on her back for thousands of kilometers. Her knowledge and relationships with people largely determined the success of the mission.

Sir Edmund Hillary and the first successful summit of Everest. Edmund Hillary was born in Auckland, New Zealand on July 20, 1919. At the local university, he studied mathematics and science. Edmund then took up beekeeping, climbing several peaks with his twin brother in his spare time. With the outbreak of World War II, he decided to join the Air Force, but withdrew his application even before it was considered. But soon, thanks to the draft, Hillary nevertheless joined the Air Force as a navigator. In 1951 and 1952, as part of British scouts, he explored the approaches to Everest and Cho Oyu. In 1953, Hillary decided to climb the highest peak in the world. At that time, the road to Everest from Chinese Tibet was closed, and the Nepalese government allowed only one expedition per year. In 1952, the Swiss failed due to bad weather, the next year it was the turn of the British. The head of the expedition, Tom Hunt, created two teams for the ascent. Hillary was in the same group as the experienced Norgay Tenzig. In total, the expedition included 362 porters, 20 guides and about 4 tons of cargo. The first attempt to conquer the peak was made by Bourdillon and Evans, but they did not reach the summit due to a breakdown in the oxygen supply system. On May 28, Hillary and Tenzig, with three companions, began their assault on Everest. The overnight stay took place at an altitude of 8500 meters, from where the brave climbers continued their journey together. On May 29 at 11:30 am local time, the pair reached the summit. They were only there for 15 minutes. During this time, they took pictures, left a chocolate bar as an offering to the gods, and hoisted a flag. The first person to greet the heroes was George Lowe, Hillary's best friend. He went up to meet the couple with hot soup. For their efforts, Hillary and expedition leader Hunt received a knighthood from the queen, while Tenzig was awarded a medal. Hunt became a life peer, while Hillary received numerous awards and lifetime recognition. Hillary's feat would not have been possible without the participation of Norgay Tenzing, a Nepalese Sherpa. He was born in 1914 and had rich experience of participation in the Himalayan expeditions. He has already taken part in 6 previous attempts to conquer Everest. Norgay initially joined the expedition as a leader of the Sherpas, but when he saved Hillary from falling into a crevasse, he was seen as the ideal climbing partner.

Christopher Columbus and the discovery of America. This explorer, one of the most famous in the world, was born in Genoa, Italy in 1451. Columbus' father was a weaver, the young man had to continue this business. But in 1472 the family moved to Savona, and Christopher himself began to take part in sea voyages, enrolling in the Portuguese merchant fleet. Perhaps as early as 1474, in the course of correspondence with the astronomer and geographer Toscanelli, Columbus thought about finding a sea route to India through the West. However, this project was not in demand for a long time. Only in 1492, Columbus, with the participation of King Ferdinand II of Spain and Queen Isabella, was able to equip the expedition. On August 3, 1492, three ships left the harbor of Palos - the Santa Maria, the Nina and the Pinta. They visited Canary Islands, belonging to Castile, and for five weeks went through Atlantic Ocean. And at 2 am on October 12, 1492, the sailor Rodrigo de Triana saw the land from the Pinta. The found island was named San Salvador, it was one of Bahamas. Columbus further discovered the islands of Espalola (Haiti), which was similar to the lands of Castile, and Juan (Cuba). During the expedition, Columbus met with the Arawak Indians, whom he initially mistook for poor Chinese. Returning to Spain, he kidnapped about 25 of them, only seven survived. Columbus returned to Palos on March 15, 1493, and was appointed Admiral of the Sea-Ocean and Governor-General of all lands already and future found. Subsequently, Columbus made three more trips to the New World, more and more complementing the map of the modern Caribbean. In his search, Columbus had practically no like-minded people, because his ideas were rather strange for the Western world. Only Columbus's mistake was that, looking for Asia, he found a new mainland, although he convinced the Spaniards of the opposite. In his assessment of the project, Columbus used the works of Marco Polo, Imago Mundi and Ptolemy's estimates of the circumference of the Earth.

Neil Armstrong's first steps on the moon. Armstrong was born on August 5, 1930 in Wapakone, Ohio. At an early age, the boy became interested in airplanes. On his sixteenth birthday, Armstrong received his pilot's license, and he was even able to build a wind tunnel in his basement. In it, he conducted experiments with aircraft models. After two years of study at Purdue University, he was called to active duty, flying 78 sorties during the Korean War. Upon his return from the war, Armstrong received a degree in aeronautical engineering. Then there was the position of test pilot at NASA. In September 1962, Armstrong became America's first civilian astronaut and began his training in Houston, Texas. Neil was a reserve pilot for the Gemini 5 expedition, and in 1966 he flew into space on the Gemini 8. Armstrong was noted for being able to troubleshoot the apparatus and regain control of the controls by performing emergency landing only 1.1 miles from the intended landing site. The astronaut began to prepare for the flight on the Gemini 11, but was selected for the team preparing for the flight to the moon. In January 1969, it was Neil Armstrong who was chosen as the commander of the Apollo 11 mission, which was supposed to deliver earthlings to the satellite. At 9:32 am on July 16, 1969, a crew consisting of Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Edwin Aldrin lifted off from the Kennedy Space Center. The successful journey to the Moon took four days. The team landed on the moon on July 20, broadcast around the world on radio and television. At 10:56 p.m., Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon. His phrase: "This is one small step for a man, but a giant leap for all mankind" - immediately became famous. Armstrong and Aldrin spent two hours on the lunar surface, collecting soil samples, setting up a television camera, a seismograph, and the US flag. Such a great achievement by Armstrong and Apollo 11 would not have been possible without the help of a group of hundreds of assistants on Earth, in Mission Control. For each block vehicle someone answered. They were all flown by Flight Director, Gene Krantz, who also directed Gemini 4 and the odd Apollo missions. It is Krantz who the Apollo 13 crew is primarily grateful for their return home.

Instruction

If you have the relevant knowledge and desire, enter a university at one of the faculties, whose students go on scientific expeditions. This may be the Faculty of Biology, whose students study plant and animal world various places; archaeological, where you have to travel to; philological, whose students travel around the villages and collect folklore. It can also be a department of geography, where you will learn about the impact of industrial facilities on changes in the environment; geological, where you will have to look for on an expedition. There are plenty to choose from. Think about what you would like to do, and enter the appropriate direction.

If you are not constrained by finances, you can take part in a scientific expedition with the help of Russian Geographic (https://www.rgo.ru/ru). Participation in the event can cost you from ten to fifteen thousand Russian rubles to several tens of thousands of dollars, depending on the country, living conditions and the duration of the expedition. At the same time, you should not assume that if you pay money for participation, you will have a leisurely vacation. Get ready to get up early and do research. Since there are many people who want to get into it, you should take care of the trip a month and a half before the planned vacation.

If you are lucky, you can take part in the state expedition. Job advertisements are often printed in newspapers or broadcast on the news. Do not expect too much, on a trip you will have to do the dirty work - sift the soil. The organization will pay for your travel and food, but you will not receive payment for your work. However, this should not prevent you from fully enjoying the untrodden corner and benefiting from amazing finds.

Northern pole is a place dreamed of by many Earth explorers and brave travelers. They equipped expeditions, suffered hardships associated with a distant sea voyage, but not everyone managed to get there, and only a few were able to return. But this was the case in the past, but today the task has become much simpler. Anyone can visit the North Pole if they wish.

Instruction

To get to the North Pole for an ordinary person who is not engaged in polar research, science, does not participate in expeditions to study northern animals, there is only one way - to take a tour. It's just impossible to go there. Pole tours are becoming more and more common. But even so - it's not the easiest option to spend time. To get to the pole, it is very important that weather were suitable, the ice did not hinder progress too much.

The North Pole tour can be one of two types. The first is a trip on an icebreaker, such a tour takes several days. The advantages of such a tour are that during the trip you can enjoy the beauty of the northern glaciers, and this is really an amazing sight. You can also see the animals of the Arctic. But it's a long ride. Another option is to get to the ice base, and then by helicopter to the pole. It's much faster.

A trip on an icebreaker is not a pleasure boat ride in summer weather. This needs to be carefully prepared. Part of the cost of equipment is covered by the tour operator, but things such as personal clothing are the responsibility of the traveler. You will simply need thermal underwear, warm trousers and sweaters, a hat, mittens, socks, expedition outerwear, comfortable warm and waterproof boots, special dark glasses, and various means to protect the skin from wind, cold and sun. Of course, you can go without all this with you, but the right set of things is the key to your comfort. Since the trip is carried out on an icebreaker, take care of the medicines for seasickness just in case.

An icebreaker tour can also take place on the territory of other countries. In this case, before the trip you will have to make visas of these states. It is best for you to decide these questions in advance, when you are just planning an expedition.

Another type of tour to the North Pole is to get there. As a rule, expeditions start from Moscow, from where the tourist group goes to some northern locality. Already from there, a flight is carried out to the ice, which is not directly at the pole, but about 100 km from it. From the ice airfield, you can already get directly to the pole at. A lot in such a tour depends on.

Useful advice

After the end of the expedition, participants are issued a certificate of visiting the North Pole. He officially confirms the fact of travel.

chance to see Arctic not all people fall out, but if you set yourself a goal and make every effort to fulfill it, then you can visit the northernmost latitudes of the Earth on an icebreaker or even on a kayak.

Instruction

Repeat the feat of the Arctic pioneers. Go to Arctic, it is for making such a journey. Stock up on food and warm clothes. As a watercraft, choose a reliable kayak. On it you can walk along the Pechora River from

Our world can be infinitely amazing and beautiful. And in order to be convinced of this, sometimes it is enough to take only one single step. Truly magical and bewitching beauty can be found in almost every corner of our planet. After all, most of them hide away from well-trodden tourist trails.

In our article today, we decided to bring to your attention a selection of the most beautiful and which, for one reason or another, usually fall out of sight of modern Belarusian tour operators. Their names are rarely aspirated, as, for example, the names of Paris or Barcelona, ​​and the existence of most of them can only be known by chance, as if there is something reserved and mysterious in these routes. But it is precisely from this that such unexplored directions only become more valuable and attractive. After all, such unusual travel and allow you to fully understand how multifaceted and amazing our planet can be.

1. Uyuni Salt Flat (Bolivia)

Salar de Uyuni is a huge prehistoric lake located in the southwestern part of Bolivia. However, this place resembles a real lake (in the traditional sense of the word) only from November to March, when, due to rains, the salt honeycombs are covered with a thin layer of water, constantly shining in the sun. At such hours, the Salar de Uyuni becomes like a giant mirror, reflecting the boundless heavens in itself. And from this, the border between the two worlds becomes almost indistinguishable. Thick Bolivian clouds suddenly appear right under your feet. And the surrounding landscapes lose all connection with reality. That is why Salar de Uyuni is often called a place frozen between heaven and earth. After all, there are not enough words in any language of the world to convey all the enchanting beauty of this place.

In the absence of rain, the salt marsh turns into a huge desert covered with white salt instead of yellow sand. And in places where drying water still manages to break through a thin salt crust, small cone-shaped volcanoes are formed, similar to playing pieces, arranged in the correct order on a huge chessboard.

Another attraction of the salt marsh is the famous cemetery of steam locomotives, located in the vicinity of Uyuni. Once all the trains assembled here were part of a large project for the extraction of minerals and valuable minerals in the desert. For industrial work, a railway was laid from Chile to Bolivia. However, the economic value of the project turned out to be insignificant. And on railway and the trains following it began to be frequently attacked by Indian tribes. As a result, already in the fifties of the 20th century, the road was closed, and suddenly the trains that turned out to be unnecessary were left to rust in the middle of the desert.

It was only in 2006 that the Bolivian government suddenly remembered the old cemetery of steam locomotives again, deciding to turn it into a kind of museum under open sky. Now such unusual travel the famous salt marsh and the old locomotives resting in its vicinity attract thousands of people to Bolivia. I wonder what the Bolivian Indians think about this?

1. Lake Bled (Slovenia)

Despite the fact that Slovenia is relatively close to our Motherland, the resorts of this tiny country remain a real "terra incognita" for Belarusian tourists (especially compared to the cities of nearby Croatia, Italy and Montenegro). The magical Lake Bled is no exception, surrounded by the Julian Alps and fanned by hundreds of legends associated with ancient history castles here. In this place you will not meet the usual crowds of tourists. And the local air, saturated with the magical smell of the mountains, is still filled with ringing silence. And it is this amazing atmosphere of solitude, coupled with the magical beauty of the local landscapes, that makes these lands truly magical and unusual travel destination.

However, Lake Bled is a place that cannot be called boring. In addition to many first-class hotels in these parts, there are dozens of sports centers offering tourists a wide range of all kinds of entertainment (from kayaking to hang-gliding over the enchanting mountain slopes).

In winter, there are several ski resorts. In addition, the convenient location of the city of Bled makes it a convenient starting point for subsequent trips around Slovenia. Just a few tens of kilometers from the lake is the capital of the country - Ljubljana, as well as the famous national park Triglav, the mystical Skocjan Caves and another picturesque reservoir - Lake Bohinj.

1. Tien Shan (Kyrgyzstan)

When you talk about Kyrgyzstan, even some fairly experienced travelers begin to wrinkle their noses contemptuously: “What can be interesting in this country?”. However, in fact, far and near Kyrgyzstan is a country that can bring many pleasant surprises to tourists. What is the majestic and charming mountain region of Tien Shan worth, amazing cold beauty crystal lakes, snow-covered slopes and endless fields overgrown with unusual grass and outlandish flowers? Everything in this place is imbued with an exciting spirit of adventure and a fabulous atmosphere of romance. After all, it is not in vain that the legendary “seven thousandth” mountain Pobeda Peak was once considered one of the most impregnable mountains throughout the former Soviet Union.

Besides, unusual travel to the Tien Shan is also a great opportunity to go chasing the fabulous Santa Claus. It would seem, and here he is? I answer: the thing is that a few years ago, Swedish scientists from the Sveko company, having calculated the speed of rotation of the earth, the distance to largest cities and comparing other geographical and demographic factors, we found out that it is on the territory of Kyrgyzstan that the optimal “take-off and landing” base of the legendary fairy-tale character should be located. Otherwise, he simply will not succeed in flying around the entire globe in one night.

1. Rhine river valley (Germany)

The Rhine Valley is probably one of the most famous and popular routes on our list unusual places to travel. Every year it is followed by thousands of European tourists. However, despite this, among Belarusians and travelers from other CIS countries, this region of Germany is still quite little known.

And this fact seems like a completely egregious misunderstanding. After all, it is here, in the valley of the Rhine River, that you can feel the spirit of real Germany. In these parts, tiny villages, dotted with half-timbered houses, side by side with proud castles, looking at the world from the height of the coastal slopes. High mountains, covered with greenery of green forests, are replaced by picturesque valleys and famous vineyards...

That is why the Rhine Valley is considered one of the most amazing places throughout Germany. After all, even the most beautiful cities of this country can hardly be compared with the quiet charm of the local nature.

1. Cappadocia (Turkey)

Speaking of trips to, we usually mean a fun and noisy vacation on one of southern resorts Turkish seaside. However, away from the big tourist centers this country is changing in the most amazing way. Proof of this is the Turkish Cappadocia - a unique natural region, known for its unusual natural landscape and a huge number of cave cells, crypts, monasteries and temples, whose history dates back to the time of the birth of Christianity.

In addition, it is in this place that the oldest in the world (!) underground cities. The most famous among them are the settlements of Kaimakli and Derinkuyu, which stretch for many kilometers deep into the rock. These cave cities were found by archaeologists in the sixties of the last century. And since then, these places have been the object of constant study for dozens of scientists.

Among other things, Turkish Cappadocia is also one of the most popular ballooning centers in the world.

In a word, going to these places, you guarantee yourself the most extraordinary journey in life.

1. Troy (Turkey)

The semi-legendary ancient Greek "polis" is another reason to go to Turkey from now on. For many years in a row, the city of Achilles and other ancient heroes, sung in legends, was considered only a figment of the imagination of the great Homer. However, about 140 years ago, a self-taught German archaeologist named Heinrich Schliemann proved in a practical way that some legends have a very real historical justification. Since then, the legendary Troy, the remains of which are now located in the Hisarlik hill region, seven kilometers from the Dardanelles, has become one of the main historical treasures of modern Turkey. And Heinrich Schliemann himself, who, among other things, also found the legendary “Priam's treasure”, went down in history as one of the most successful adventurers in the world, as well as the founding father of the so-called “field (practical) archeology”.

1. Kamchatka (Russia)

Wild, majestic, recalcitrant Kamchatka is the land where the heart beats real Russia. Here, among dormant volcanoes, bubbling geysers and crystal lakes, you can feel like a real traveler who finds himself somewhere on the very edge of the world. This place is just a mind-boggling number of national parks, biosphere reserves and unique nature reserves, many of which are included in the list of natural and cultural heritage UNESCO. Is this not enough to call Kamchatka one of the most fascinating and unusual places to travel throughout our vast planet?

In addition, Kamchatka is a habitat for many rare animals, including brown Kamchatka bears, which have long become a symbol not only of this peninsula, but of Russia as a whole.

In addition to getting to know wildlife and inanimate nature, a trip to Kamchatka can be interesting due to the numerous centers active rest. riding on skiing(including extreme helly-skiing), snowmobiling and dog sledding swimming in thermal springs, as well as rafting, diving, kayaking and much more - all this makes Kamchatka Krai very interesting place to stay. It is not for nothing that these places are so often called Russian Iceland.

1. Ksamil Beach and Vlore (Albania).

The sea coast of Albania is probably one of the most underestimated tourist regions Europe. In these parts, the Adriatic Sea shimmers with turquoise, and the majestic mountains, frozen at the very horizon, remain surprisingly beautiful and picturesque. The best examples of this are resorts such as Ksamil Beach and Vlore. The first is a very small, but very colorful town, perched on south coast Albania. The second is more Big City However, even here, due to the relatively small number of tourists, the beaches remain surprisingly clean and picturesque.

The mild Mediterranean climate, low prices, an abundance of fruits, as well as the amazing beauty of the local nature - all this makes the Adriatic coast of Albania a place, indeed noteworthy tourists.

In addition, Albania is a country with rich history and culture. Here, on a relatively small piece of land (comparable in size to the Mogilev region) is located great amount ancient monasteries, fortress bastions and ancient buildings inherited by this country from the Greek and Roman conquerors.

Mosque in the city of Korca

A striking example of this is ancient city Durres, located just two hours drive from Vlore. During its long history, this region has become a stumbling block for many European nations. Just think: for 2500 years this town managed to be part of the Bulgarian, Greek, Turkish, Byzantine, Italian, Corinthian, Corinthian and, of course, the Albanian state.

Wouldn't you be interested to see the ancient city that so many ancient peoples fought for? Than not a route for unusual trip?

1. Patagonia (Argentina)

Patagonia, which is also often referred to as more famous archipelago Tierra del Fuego is an absolutely unique place. Wild mountain landscapes, crystal glaciers, picturesque fjords and endless plains of frozen land that have not changed their shape since the birth of the first people - all this natural diversity impossible to compare with anything else. Once in these parts, you seem to find yourself in a parallel reality. Here, right on the beaches, you can find colonies of penguins and elephant seals, and on the slopes of the high Andean mountains you can see thousands of bonfires that are burned at night by local tribes of Indians.

In addition, it is in these parts that the famous Cave of Hands is located, which is already 90 centuries old! Add to this the unique nature reserves, National parks and uninhabited islands, still retaining a primitive prehistoric charm - and you will understand why these lands can be safely called one of the most amazing and interesting places on our planet.

Yes, of course, to get to Patagonia you will need a lot of effort and financial resources. However, once in these parts, you guarantee yourself the most extraordinary journey In my life. After all, how could it be otherwise, if we are talking about the real edge of the Earth!

1. Curonian Spit (Lithuania/Russia)

The Curonian Spit is a thin strip of land that stretches for a hundred kilometers along the Lithuanian coast and separates the Curonian Lagoon from the Baltic basin. In fact, this place is a long series sand dunes and pine forests growing right in the middle of the endless sea. There is no usual fuss here, and surprisingly clean air is filled with the smell of pine needles, salty waves and amazing crystal silence, which seems almost endless in this place.

In 2000, the Curonian Spit was classified by UNESCO as a site world heritage. And nine years later, the International Foundation for Environmental Education included the local beaches in the list of the cleanest and most comfortable coastal areas on the planet. Specialists of the popular Lonely Planet guidebook also contributed to the popularization of this place, naming pine forests and sandy beaches of the Curonian Spit one of the most beautiful places the Baltics. Since then, thousands of tourists have visited these parts. However, even despite this, the Curonian Spit has not lost even a tiny part of its natural charm.

Despite the fact that the population of the spit is only a few thousand inhabitants, these parts have not only their own coastal villages with all the necessary infrastructure, but also their own unique sights. The mystical Hill of Witches, dotted with dozens of wooden idols, the unique "Dancing Forest", the remains of the Kopgalis fortress with the Maritime Museum located here, as well as the Klaipeda Dolphinarium and the museum of fishing boats, located right under the open sky. In a word, the Curonian Spit is a place that clearly proves that interesting and unusual places for traveling can be found just a few hundred kilometers from your home. After all, every corner of our planet is able to present a lot of pleasant surprises to those travelers who truly know how to appreciate true beauty.

TRAVELERS’ CHOICE AWARD is the most important tourist rating of the year, compiled by TripAdvisor.com, the largest travel service in the world. The winners were selected using an algorithm that takes into account millions of online user reviews and ratings of thousands of attractions, hotels and restaurants around the world over the past 12 months. Want to know which cities won? See the top 25 best travel destinations in the world.

25 PHOTOS

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1. Marrakesh in Morocco was ranked #1 on TripAdvisor.com's Best Travel Destinations. “Amazing bustling old market in the city center” is the most attractive place in the city, according to portal users. (Photo: CNN).
2. Siem Reap in Cambodia is number 2 in the ranking of the best travel destinations. The sunrise over the Angkor Wat temple causes a special delight among tourists, because it is not for nothing that it is considered one of the seven new wonders of the world. (Photo: CNN).
3. Istanbul in Turkey is a city full of contrasts. A trip to Istanbul is a fantastic journey through different eras, styles, religions, tastes and aromas. (Photo: CNN).
4. Hanoi in Vietnam. Users call it a lively, interesting and chaotic, in the good sense of the word, city. (Photo: CNN).
5. "Beautiful and charming" Czech Prague. Here on every corner you can stumble upon "strange shops" that will pleasantly surprise you. (Photo: CNN).
6. "Eclectic" London is a mixture of lifestyles, people and history. (Photo: CNN).
7. Rome, Italy "Such a huge piece of history in one city." (Photo: CNN).
8. Buenos Aires, Argentina “Cool, trendy, absolutely delightful city.” (Photo: CNN).
9. Paris, France Nowhere else in the world will you find such an amazing atmosphere as in Montmartre, a beautiful and colorful area with its small shops, art galleries and charming cafes. (Photo: CNN).
10. Cape Town, South Africa. One of the main attractions of Cape Town is the Kirstenbosch Botanical Garden, about which users write only admiring reviews. (Photo: CNN).
11. New York, USA. According to TripAdvisor.com users, the city's top must-see attraction is Times Square. (Photo: CNN).
12. Zermatt, Switzerland “Once you get to the top of the Matterhorn Glacier, you will feel like you are standing on the roof of the world.” (Photo: CNN).
13. Barcelona, ​​Spain. “In some corners of this city, you will feel like you have traveled back in time… 500 years into the past!” (Photo: CNN).
14. Gorem, Turkey. "This is the most unusual and surreal landscape in the world!" (Photo: CNN).
15. Ubud, Indonesia. it the best place for those who love SPA: massage, acupuncture, reflexology, aromatherapy - here you can try absolutely everything. (Photo: CNN).
16. Cusco, Peru “It is a wonderful city with charming cobbled streets, very hospitable people and good restaurants". (Photo: CNN).
17. St. Petersburg, Russia. One of its main attractions is St. Isaac's Cathedral, which offers a breathtaking view of the entire city. And the beauty of the interior of the cathedral makes tourists "goosebumps!". In the photo: Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ on Blood. (Photo: CNN).
18. Bangkok, Thailand. Khao San Street is "the heart and soul of Bangkok, the best place for all travelers, with its lively streets and bars at every turn." (Photo: CNN).
19. Kathmandu, Nepal. Kathmandu is primarily a city of Buddhist temples, unique monuments worth visiting. (Photo: CNN).
20. Athens, Greece. The hallmark of this city is the "exciting" Acropolis. (Photo: CNN).
21. Budapest, the capital of Hungary, has been dubbed the "Queen of the Danube" by internet users. (Photo: CNN).
22. Queenstown ( New Zealand) is the best place for lovers of sports and amazing nature. (Photo: CNN).
23. Hong Kong (China) is the only city of its kind that features floating restaurants serving delicious dim sum (Chinese dumplings). (Photo: CNN).
24. Dubai (UAE) - A cosmopolitan oasis with futuristic cityscapes that rises above the Arabian Desert. (Photo: CNN).
25. Sydney (Australia) is a city that will appeal to both lovers of history and modernity. Business card city ​​is the opera house (Sydney Opera House), which looks like a sailboat floating peacefully in the harbor. (Photo: CNN).

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